Decomposition of Energy Consumption and Energy Intensity in Indian Manufacturing Industries

Of the total final energy consumption in India, the industrial sector accounts for about 37 percent, of which the manufacturing sector consumes about 66 percent (2004-2005 figures) with chemicals and petrochemicals, iron and steel, pulp and paper and cement industries being the largest energy users. In the recent past, energy intensity in the manufacturing sector has been decreasing. This decline is mainly due to fuel substitution away from coal in some of the sectors, most notably cement. While industrial production in developed countries stabilizes and declines, the industrial output in the developing world continues to expand owing to rising populations and catching up on economic growth. This can result in higher energy use energy provided primarily by the combustion of fossil fuels and thereby higher carbon-dioxide (CO2) emissions. Using the decomposition analysis we show that most of the intensity reductions are driven purely by structural effect rather than energy intensity.Energy Consumption, Energy intensity, India, Manufacturing Industries

ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE FOR A HIGH HUMANE AND LOW CARBON FUTURE

Presently India is facing the twin challenge of energy universalization as well as emission reduction. Nearly 0.4 billion people in India mostly residing in rural areas do not have access to electricity and more than 0.8 billion people do not use modern cooking fuels. Provision of energy services however needs to take into account the global temperatures rise, which if to be limited to 2C more from its pre-industrial value, Green House Gas (GHG) emissions must be halved by 2050 from its 1990 level. Energy infrastructure plays a key role to meet this dual challenge of universalization of energy services and reduction of energy-induced emissions. Assessing Indias infrastructure, this study presents the high humane (Energy universalization) and low carbon scenarios and discusses investment needs, financing mechanisms and the key policy issues.Energy climate nexus, Energy universalization, Infrastructure Investments, Financing mechanisms, Energy efficiency.

Detection of Antibodies Against Trypanosoma evansi in Sheep by Indirect ELISA in Rayalaseema Region of Andhra Pradesh

The present research was carried out with an objective to improve the diagnostic tools for detection of antibodies against Trypanosoma evansi infection using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in sheep. In this study standardized the Indirect ELISA for detection of T. evansi in sheep. The optimum concentration of antigen, test sera and conjugate were determined as 5µg per well, 1:10 and 1: 4000 dilutions, respectively. 464 serum samples were collected from sheep in different parts of the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh for screening of T. evansi infection. Out of 464 serum samples 46 (9.91%) were found positive by indirect ELISA

Detection of Antibodies Against Trypanosoma evansi in Sheep by Indirect ELISA in Rayalaseema Region of Andhra Pradesh

The present research was carried out with an objective to improve the diagnostic tools for detection of antibodies against Trypanosoma evansi infection using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in sheep. In this study standardized the Indirect ELISA for detection of T. evansi in sheep. The optimum concentration of antigen, test sera and conjugate were determined as 5µg per well, 1:10 and 1: 4000 dilutions, respectively. 464 serum samples were collected from sheep in different parts of the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh for screening of T. evansi infection. Out of 464 serum samples 46 (9.91%) were found positive by indirect ELISA