A new agent for sentinel lymph node detection: preliminary results

WOS: 000295418600007Sentinel lymph node detection is widely used to identify lymph nodes that receive lymphatic drainage from a primary tumor. (99m)Tc labeled iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared to invent a new colorful radioactive agent for sentinel lymph node detection. Iron oxide nanoparticles were produced by co-precipitation of FeCl(3) and FeCl(2) in the presence of NaOH. Then iron oxide nanoparticles were labeled with (99m)Tc. (99m)Tc labeled nanoparticles (7.4 MBq/0.1 mL) were intradermally injected in the distal hind limb of 16 rabbits. Dynamic and static lymphoscintigraphic images were taken for 24 h. Labeling efficiencies of (99m)Tc-iron oxide nanoparticles were over 99%. Their sizes are between 50 and 60 nm. (99m)Tc-iron oxide nanoparticles were accumulated in the popliteal lymph node in 11 of 16 rabbits (69%). Retention of nanoparticles in the popliteal lymph node was obvious at from 2nd through 24th hours. The radioactive lymph node was identified easily by gamma probe. The popliteal lymph node was excised and established for radioactivity and black dye. These black and radioactive nanoparticles may be potential agent successfully used for sentinel lymph node detection

Gold nanoparticle probes: Design and in vitro applications in cancer cell culture

WOS: 000298518600033PubMed ID: 22070896A new architecture has been designed by the conjugation of [(18)F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and anti-metadherin (Anti-MTDH) antibody which is specific to the metadherin (MTDH) over-expressed on the surface of breast cancer cells. Mannose triflate molecule is used as a precursor for synthesis of (18)F-FDG by nucleophilic fluorination. For the conjugation of (18)F-FDG and AuNPs, cysteamine was first bound to mannose triflate (Man-CA) before synthesizing of (18)F-FDG which has cysteamine sides ((18)FDG-CA). Then, (18)FDG-CA was reacted with HAuCl(4) to obtain AuNPs and with NaBH(4) for reduction of AuNPs. At the end of this procedure. AuNPs were conjugated to (18)F-FDG via disulphide bonds ((18)FDG-AuNP). For the conjugation of Anti-MTDH, 1,1'-carbonyl diimidazol (CDI) was bound to the (18)FDG-AuNP, and Anti-MTDH was conjugated via CDI ((18)FDG-AuNP-Anti-MTDH). This procedure was also performed by using Na(19)F to obtain non-radioactive conjugates ((19)FDG-AuNP-Anti-MTDH). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images demonstrated that synthesized particles were in nano sizes. (18)FDG-AuNP-Anti-MTDH conjugate was characterized and used as a model probe containing both radioactive and optical labels together as well as the biological target. The (18)FDG-AuNP-Anti-MTDH conjugate was applied to MCF7 breast cancer cell line and apoptotic cell ratio was found to be increasing from 2% to 20% following the treatment. Hence, these results have promised an important application potential of this conjugate in cancer research. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Ege UniversityEge University [2009 FEN 007]This work was supported by Ege University Research Fund (Project No. 2009 FEN 007). Prof. K.-H. Feller from Jena University is acknowledged for the mass analyses. Prof. Y. Karasulu from Ege University is also acknowledged for her valuable helps during the zeta potential measurements

Evaluation of I-131-Pentamidine for scintigraphy of experimentally Leishmania tropica-infected hamsters

WOS: 000336500400006PubMed ID: 24405123We aimed to assess the ability of I-131-Pentamidine scintigraphy to detect the lesions of Leishmania tropica infection. An experimental model of cutaneous leishmaniasis was developed. The presence of cutaneous leishmaniasis was confirmed. Pentamidine was radioiodinated with I-131. The radiolabeled pentamidine was validated by the requisite quality control tests to check its radiolabeling efficiency, in vitro stability. I-131-Pentamidine (activity: 18.5 MBq/100 mu l) was injected intracardiacally into infected hamsters. Static whole body images of the hamsters were acquired under the gamma camera at 5 and 30 min, 2, 6 and 24 h following the administration. On the scintigrams, anatomically adjusted regions of interest (ROIs) were drawn over the right feet (target) and left feet (not-target) and various organs. Accumulation of I-131-Pentamidine at sites of infection is expressed as the target to non-target (T/NT) ratio. The results T/NT ratio decreased with time. In concluding the I-131-Pentamidine has poor sensitivity in detection of L. tropica infection

Preparation of I-131-Pyrimethamine and evaluation for scintigraphy of experimentally Toxoplasma gondii-infected rats

WOS: 000314475400006PubMed ID: 23113799We aimed to assess the ability of I-131-Pyrimethamine scintigraphy to detect the lesions of Toxoplasma gondii infection. An experimental model of toxoplasmosis was developed. The presence of toxoplasmosis was confirmed 60 days after implantation. Pyrimethamine was radioiodinated with I-131. The radioligand was validated by the requisite quality control tests to check its radiolabeling efficiency, in vitro stability and radiochemical purity etc. I-131-Pyrimethamine (specific activity: 7.08 MBq/mu mol) was injected intravenously into the tail vein of the control and infected rats. Static whole body images of the rats were acquired under the gamma camera at 5 min, 45 min, 2 h, 6 h, and 24 h following the intravenous administration of the radioactivity (3.7 MBq/rat). Then the scintigraphic data were analyzed both visually and semiquantitatively. Regions of interest (ROIs) were drawn over the organs (thyroid, stomach, liver, bladder, and soft tissues) to calculate the ratios of the radiotracer in infected vs. control rats. The mean ratio of radiotracer in infected/control rats in the liver and diaphragm was over 1 at 45 min which persisted till 24 h. In conclusion, I-131-Pyrimethamine may be useful agent for diagnosis toxoplasmosis especially involving liver and diaphragm, needs further preclinical validation before being extended for use in clinical applications