Analysis of Mechanical Behavior through Digital Image Correlation and Reliability of Pinus halepensis Mill.

Fuente: Forests[EN] The mechanical behavior of test pieces extracted from two specimens of Pinus halepensis Mill., from the same geographical area and close to each other, was examined in this study. Using a methodology based on Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and implemented during compression strength testing, the modulus of elasticity in compression parallel to the grain (MOEc) was obtained. In addition, the value of compressive strength (MORc) was obtained for this type of wood. The research was complemented with a reliability study, determined using the Weibull modulus, from the MORc values. A microstructural and behavioral study of the most representative pieces after failure was also conducted to correlate breakage with the behavior of the pieces during the tests monitored by DIC, to link both studies. DIC was shown to be an ideal and low-cost technique for the determination of the studied properties, and obtained average values of MOEc of 50.72 MPa and MORc of 9693 MPa. These values represent fundamental data for design and calculations of wooden structures. A reliability value of between 11 and 12 was obtained using the Weibull modulus for this type of wood

Surgical Infection after Posterolateral Lumbar Spine Arthrodesis: CT Analysis of Spinal Fusion.

To determine the incidence of infection after instrumented lumbar spine surgery, the demographic and surgical variables associated with acute infection, and the influence of infection and debridement on the consolidation of spinal fusion. After obtaining approval from the hospital ethics committee, an observational study was made on a prospective cohort of consecutive patients surgically treated by posterolateral lumbar spine arthrodesis (n = 139, 2005-2011). In all cases, the minimum follow-up period was 18 months. The following bivariate analysis was conducted of demographic and surgical variables: non-infection group (n = 123); infection group (n = 16). Fusion rates were determined by multislice CT. Logistic regression analysis was performed. Incidence of deep infection requiring debridement: 11.51% (95% confidence interval, 5.85-17.18]). Bivariate analysis: differences were observed in hospital stay (7.0 days [range, 4-10] vs 14.50 days [range, 5.25-33.75]; P = 0.013), surgical time (3.15 h vs 4.09 h; P = 0.004), body mass index (25.11 kg/m2 [22.58-27.0] vs 26.02 kg/m2 [24.15 to 29.38]; P = 0.043), Charlson comorbidity index (median, 0 vs 1; P = 0.027), and rate of unsuccessful consolidation according to CT (18.4% vs 72.7%; P = 0.0001). In a model of multivariate logistic regression, taking as the dependent variable unsuccessful arthrodesis after 1 year, and adjusting for the other independent variables (infection, body mass index, Charlson comorbidity index, and surgical time), the only variable that was significantly associated with an outcome of unsuccessful spinal fusion after 1 year was infection, with OR = 12.44 (95% confidence interval, 2.50-61.76). Deep infection after instrumented lumbar spine arthrodesis is a common complication that compromises the radiographic outcome of surgery. Patients who develop a postoperative infection and require debridement surgery are 12 times less likely to achieve satisfactory radiological fusion

Proyecto de Prevención de Drogodependencias

En anexo se incorporan estadísticasEl proyecto pretende prevenir la drogadicción en el centro escolar. Los objetivos son favorecer el desarrollo de la autonomía, la responsabilidad y la autoestima, educar para el consumo responsable, generar en la comunidad educativa un cambio de actitud ante la evidente tolerancia con respecto al consumo de alcohol y tabaco y trabajar conjuntamente con los padres para la consecución de estos objetivos. Las actividades tienden a dar a conocer ofertas de ocio en la localidad y estimular su uso, emplear estrategias para favorecer su autoestima, desarrollar habilidades para resolver conflictos, enseñarles a asumir responsabilidades para las que estén capacitados, habituarles a un régimen alimenticio más saludable, enseñarles a defenderse de las agresiones publicitarias y reducir el consumo de alcohol en las fiestas locales.Madrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Consejería de Educación y Cultura. Ministerio de Educación y Cultura. Ayuntamiento de MadridMadridMadrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Subdirección General de Formación del Profesorado. CRIF Las Acacias; General Ricardos 179 - 28025 Madrid; Tel. + 34915250893ES

Pre-hospital antibiotic treatment and mortality caused by invasive meningococcal disease, adjusting for indication bias.

Background: Mortality from invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) has remained stable over the last thirty years and it is unclear whether pre-hospital antibiotherapy actually produces a decrease in this mortality. Our aim was to examine whether pre-hospital oral antibiotherapy reduces mortality from IMD, adjusting for indication bias. Methods: A retrospective analysis was made of clinical reports of all patients (n = 848) diagnosed with IMD from 1995 to 2000 in Andalusia and the Canary Islands, Spain, and of the relationship between the use of pre-hospital oral antibiotherapy and mortality. Indication bias was controlled for by the propensity score technique, and a multivariate analysis was performed to determine the probability of each patient receiving antibiotics, according to the symptoms identified before admission. Data on in-hospital death, use of antibiotics and demographic variables were collected. A logistic regression analysis was then carried out, using death as the dependent variable, and prehospital antibiotic use, age, time from onset of symptoms to parenteral antibiotics and the propensity score as independent variables. Results: Data were recorded on 848 patients, 49 (5.72%) of whom died. Of the total number of patients, 226 had received oral antibiotics before admission, mainly betalactams during the previous 48 hours. After adjusting the association between the use of antibiotics and death for age, time between onset of symptoms and in-hospital antibiotic treatment, pre-hospital oral antibiotherapy remained a significant protective factor (Odds Ratio for death 0.37, 95% confidence interval 0.15–0.93). Conclusion: Pre-hospital oral antibiotherapy appears to reduce IMD mortality.FIS (00/0049-01/02/03), Junta de Andalucía (247/00) and, partially, the IRYSS network (G03/202).Ye