PREVALENCIA DE VAGINOSIS BACTERIANA EN UNA CLÍNICA UNIVERSITARIA

Sin duda las infecciones de genitales representan en todo el mundo un alto índice de consulta en lamayoría de las instituciones que prestan los servicios de salud. Estas infecciones pueden sercausadas por diversas entidades, desde bacterias aerobias y anaerobias, hongos, virus yparásitos, algunos de estos pueden o no ser transmitidos sexualmente. Se determino laprevalencia de vaginosis bacteriana en mujeres en edad fértil de 15 a 45 años en pacientes queacuden a la Clínica Universitaria. de Pueblo Nuevo (PROUNISEV) en Apodaca, Nuevo LeónMéxico. Las muestras fueron obtenidas de 118 pacientes femeninas que acudieron aldepartamento de planificación familiar de la Clínica Universitaria. Se estudiaron el promedio deedad fue de 28 años, con un rango de 16 a 44. El diagnóstico de vaginosis bacteriana seestableció en el 33.8% (40/118) de las mujeres en estudio. La candidiasis vaginal se observó en el9.3% (11/118), mientras que en el 2.5% (3/118) se descubrieron trichomonas. El 60% (24/40) delas mujeres con vaginosis bacteriana, manifestó notar un incremento del flujo vaginal o de su olordesagradable. De las 118 mujeres, 14 (11.8%) tienen mas de una pareja sexual, de estas el 78%(11/14) presentaron vaginosis bacteriana. La secreción vaginal en las mujeres con vaginosisbacteriana, el 65% (26/40) presentaron un flujo color gris, un 20% (8/40) de color blanco, en un10% (4/40) flujo verdoso y de color amarillo en el 5% (2/40).El olor desagradable de la secreción enmujeres se presentó en el 87.5% (35/40). Las células "guía" o "clave" se observaron en 31 (77.5%)de las pacientes. El pH vaginal mayor de 4.5 se detectó en 37 (92.5%) de las mujeres convaginosis.Palabras clave: Vaginosis bacteriana, prevalencia, edad fértil  Bacterial vaginosis, prevalence, fertile wome

Psychoactive substances consumers among high school students: Detection and Intervention

Purpose: Identify and treat psychoactive substances consumers (PSC) among high school students at Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL); México. Description: A two-phase program (detection and intervention) was designed. Phase one included urine drug testing (UDT) either from direct aleatory sampling or referrals from within university departments under informed consent. Phase two for positive PSC, included an interview for psychological needs identification and cognitive behavioral intervention planning. Between 2017 and 2019, 490 UDT were performed. Results showed 235 PSC (47.9%), 86.4% were males (203) and 13.6% females (32). Most detected substance was cannabis: 218 students (92.7%); less frequent substances detected were cocaine, benzodiazepine, amphetamine and methamphetamine. A mean of 8 intervention sessions per student performed equaled more than 1800 sessions. Tight collaboration in between diverse University Departments was a key. An early PSC detection and intervention offers socioemotional tools to improve academic performance and life project

MANIFESTACIONES RADIOLÓGICAS DE LA TUBERCULOSIS PULMONAR EN EL PACIENTE CON DIABETES MELLITUS

Con el propósito de conocer las manifestaciones radiológicas de la tuberculosis pulmonar en elpaciente con diabetes mellitus, se evaluaron radiografías postero-anteriores de tórax de 25pacientes con diagnósticos confirmados para ambas entidades clínicas; los pacientes queintegraron la recibían atención médica en unidades de primer nivel de atención dependientes de laJurisdicción Sanitaria No. 4 de la Secretaría de Salud en Nuevo León (México). El 68% de lamuestra estuvo conformada por pacientes del sexo masculino, el grupo de edad mas afectado seubicó entre los 60 y los 70 años con un 40%. La afección del lóbulo superior y la presencia decavitaciones fueron hallazgos en el 80% de los pacientes estudiados. El 68% mostró afección enmas de un lóbulo, 20% presentó afección del lóbulo superior, medio e inferior. Sobresale lapresencia de afección del lóbulo inferior con un 48%. Si se considera que el establecimiento deldiagnóstico de la tuberculosis pulmonar es llevado a cabo frecuentemente en un primer nivel deatención; y que en este proceso la evaluación radiológica es fundamental; se enfatiza la necesidadde que se tenga conocimiento de las diferentes manifestaciones radiológicas con el fin desospechar y establecer el diagnóstico y el tratamiento oportuno ante la presencia concomitante detan importantes problemas de salud pública.Palabras Clave: Tuberculosis pulmonar, diabetes mellitus  Pulmonary tuberculosis, diabetes mellitu

Specific educational needs detection in Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in superior middle level students students

Purpose: Detection ASD and intervention in superior middle level students at Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Mexico. Description: Upon admission to superior middle level at UANL, modified Gilliam Asperger\u27s disorder scale (GADS) was applied to parents in a Program to identify behavioral characteristics associated to ASD. Parents of students with positive GADS were informed and students were scheduled for standard psychological testing in order to evaluate cognitive process, study habits, social anxiety and self-esteem, prior to an intervention. From 2014 to 2020, 178 013 GADS were applied; there were 332 (0.19%) students with definite or suggestive pattern of ASD. Among them, 247 (74.4%) consented to continue in Program to receive psychologic and pedagogic intervention, according to found needs. During program, an intense collaboration of all superior middle level education Departments at UANL was shown. This Program promotes inclusive education in order to transform the learning process so that educational needs of ADS students are met. This implies a team effort with clear levels of responsibilities and fields of action

Valor predictivo del examen nacional de ingreso en la licenciatura de medicina en la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, México

Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública (Historia de la Ciencia), leída el 28-11-2013Depto. de Salud Pública y Materno - InfantilFac. de MedicinaTRUEunpu

Drug resistance phenotypes and genotypes in Mexico in representative gram-negative species: Results from the infivar network.

AimThis report presents phenotypic and genetic data on the prevalence and characteristics of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and representative carbapenemases-producing Gram-negative species in Mexico.Material and methodsA total of 52 centers participated, 43 hospital-based laboratories and 9 external laboratories. The distribution of antimicrobial resistance data for Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae complex, Acinetobacter baumannii complex, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in selected clinical specimens from January 1 to March 31, 2020 was analyzed using the WHONET 5.6 platform. The following clinical isolates recovered from selected specimens were included: carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, ESBL or carbapenem-resistant E. coli, and K. pneumoniae, carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii complex, and P. aeruginosa. Strains were genotyped to detect ESBL and/or carbapenemase-encoding genes.ResultsAmong blood isolates, A. baumannii complex showed more than 68% resistance for all antibiotics tested, and among Enterobacteria, E. cloacae complex showed higher resistance to carbapenems. A. baumannii complex showed a higher resistance pattern for respiratory specimens, with only amikacin having a resistance lower than 70%. Among K. pneumoniae isolates, blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX were detected in 68.79%, 72.3%, and 91.9% of isolates, respectively. Among E. coli isolates, blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX were detected in 20.8%, 4.53%, and 85.7% isolates, respectively. For both species, the most frequent genotype was blaCTX-M-15. Among Enterobacteriaceae, the most frequently detected carbapenemase-encoding gene was blaNDM-1 (81.5%), followed by blaOXA-232 (14.8%) and blaoxa-181(7.4%), in A. baumannii was blaOXA-24 (76%) and in P. aeruginosa, was blaIMP (25.3%), followed by blaGES and blaVIM (13.1% each).ConclusionOur study reports that NDM-1 is the most frequent carbapenemase-encoding gene in Mexico in Enterobacteriaceae with the circulation of the oxacillinase genes 181 and 232. KPC, in contrast to other countries in Latin America and the USA, is a rare occurrence. Additionally, a high circulation of ESBL blaCTX-M-15 exists in both E. coli and K. pneumoniae