DataONE: A glimpse into the practices of data managers.

Data Observation Network for Earth (DataONE; https://www.dataone.org/) is supported by the National Science Foundation and will ensure the preservation of and access to multi-scale, multi-discipline, and multi-national science data about Earth. DataONE will make biological data available from the genome to the ecosystem; make environmental data available from atmospheric, ecological, hydrological, and oceanographic sources; and engage scientists, land-managers, policy makers, students, educators, and the public through logical access and intuitive visualizations. The DataONE Usability and Assessment Working Group is tasked with conducting a variety of assessments on aspects of the DataONE project. This presentation will discuss the results of a survey sent to data managers to assess current data management and data sharing needs, practices, and attitudes. IASSIST members were invited to participate in the survey via the listserv. Questions asked included how much data is deposited on public, internal, or personal websites, access/use conditions, the reasons data managers do not make their data available to others electronically, policies and processes for data deposition and storage, use of metadata to describe data and the metadata standards and tools used, training on best practices and adequate funding for data management, and data management plans, among other things

Patterns of Database Use in Academic Libraries.

Database usage data from a random sample of academic libraries in the United States and Canada reveal patterns of use in selected types of libraries. Library users tend to use commercial online databases most frequently early in the week, at midday, and at times that correspond to the academic calendar (November in this six-month sample). On average, relatively low numbers of users are simultaneously logged on to research databases at any size of library. A questionnaire sent to these same libraries identified many other factors that might influence database use, including level of instruction, availability of remote log-in, and placement of a database on the library’s home page, although none of these factors was found to be statistically significant

Assessing and Reporting the Adverse Effects of Antipsychotic Medication: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies, and Prospective, Retrospective, and Cross-Sectional Research

Objective: Adverse effects (AEs) of antipsychotic medication have important implications for patients and prescribers in terms of wellbeing, treatment adherence and quality of life. This review summarises strategies for collecting and reporting AE data across a representative literature sample to ascertain their rigour and comprehensiveness. Methods: A PsycINFO search, following PRISMA Statement guidelines, was conducted in English-language journals (1980–July 2014) using the following search string: (antipsychotic* OR neuroleptic*) AND (subjective effect OR subjective experience OR subjective response OR subjective mental alterations OR subjective tolerability OR subjective wellbeing OR patient perspective OR self-rated effects OR adverse effects OR side-effects). Of 7,825 articles, 384 were retained that reported quantified results for AEs of typical or atypical antipsychotics amongst transdiagnostic adult, adolescent, and child populations. Information extracted included: types of AEs reported; how AEs were assessed; assessment duration; assessment of the global impact of antipsychotic consumption on wellbeing; and conflict of interest due to industry sponsorship. Results: Neurological, metabolic, and sedation-related cognitive effects were reported most systematically relative to affective, anticholinergic, autonomic, cutaneous, hormonal, miscellaneous, and non-sedative cognitive effects. The impact of AEs on patient wellbeing was poorly assessed. Cross-sectional and prospective research designs yielded more comprehensive data about AE severity and prevalence than clinical or observational retrospective studies. 3 Conclusions: AE detection and classification can be improved through the use of standardised assessment instruments and consideration of subjective patient impact. Observational research can supplement information from clinical trials to improve the ecological validity of AE data

On the geometric trinity of gravity, non-relativistic limits, and Maxwell gravitation

We show that the dynamical common core of the recently-discovered non-relativistic geometric trinity of gravity is Maxwell gravitation. More- over, we explain why no analogous distinct dynamical common core exists in the case of the better-known relativistic geometric trinity of gravity

Social Adversity in the Etiology of Psychosis: A Review of the Evidence

Despite increasing evidence for the role of psychosocial factors in the onset and continuance of psychosis, the experiences involved are still largely considered the result of a biogenetic anomaly for which medication is the first-line treatment response. This review summarizes the extensive literature demonstrating that adverse events involving trauma, loss, stress, and disempowerment have a central etiological role in psychosis. Evidence is further presented to show that many neurological changes traditionally considered indicative of a disease process can in fact be accounted for as secondary effects to the physiology of stress or the residual of long-term neuroleptic prescription. Particular emphasis is given to the traumagenic neurodevelopmental model of psychosis, which illustrates how many of the structural and functional cerebral anomalies observed in adult patients with psychosis (including dopamine dysregulation, atrophy, hippocampal damage, and overactivity of the hypothalamic–adrenal–pituitary axis) closely correspond to those in the brains of abused children. Finally, research is discussed that demonstrates how trauma may manifest in characteristic symptoms of psychosis, particularly hallucinations and delusions. It is suggested that if social adversities are of central importance in psychosis, then psychotherapy that addresses the long term sequelae of those adversities should be considered an essential aspect of treatment

On the geometric trinity of gravity, non-relativistic limits, and Maxwell gravitation

We show that the common core of the recently-discovered non-relativistic geometric trinity of gravity is Maxwell gravitation. Moreover, we explain why no such dynamical common core exists in the case of the better-known relativistic geometric trinity of gravity

Improving community mental health services: The need for a paradigm shift

Background: It is now over half a century since community care was introduced in the wake of the closure of the old asylum system. This paper considers whether mental health services,regardless of location,can be genuinely effective and humane without a fundamental paradigm shift. Data: A summary of research on the validity and effectiveness of current mental health treatment approaches is presented. Limitations: The scope of the topic was too broad to facilitate a systematic review or meta-analyses,although reviews with more narrow foci are cited. Conclusions: The move to community care failed to facilitate a more psychosocial,recovery-focused approach,instead exporting the medical model and its technologies,often accompanied by coercion,into a far broader domain than the hospital. There are,however,some encouraging signs that the long overdue paradigm shift may be getting closer

A primer on Carroll gravity

The ultra-relativistic limit of general relativity is a theory known as Carroll gravity. We provide a philosophical introduction to the formalism of Carroll gravity, and to its status as a limit of general relativity; we also explore some of its various conceptually interesting features

Equivalence, reduction, and sophistication in teleparallel gravity

We discuss the (in)equivalence of various formulations of teleparallel gravity, building upon recent work by Weatherall and Meskhidze (2024). We then think about these different versions of teleparallel gravity from the point of view of reduction/sophistication---a distinction drawn by Dewar (2019) in the context of philosophical literature on symmetries---and along the way introduce and scrutinise the resources of Cartan geometry and of higher gauge theory