Great Plains Indians

Review of: "Great Plains Indians", by David J. Wishar

Native American Placenames of the United States

Review of: Native American Placenames of the United States, by William Bright

Book Review: One Vast Winter Count: The Native American West Before Lewis and Clark

This is the first of a projected six-volume History of the American West to be published by the University of Nebraska Press and edited by Richard W. Etulain, a specialist in the history and literature of the west

The Unknown Travels and Dubious Pursuits of William Clark

Review of: "The Unknown Travels and Dubious Pursuits of William Clark," by Jo Ann Trogdo

Native American Placenames of the United States

Review of: "Native American Placenames of the United States," by William Bright

After Lewis and Clark: The Forces of Change, 1806–1871

Review of: "After Lewis & Clark: The Forces of Change, 1806–1871," by Gary Allen Hood

River Basin Surveys Papers, No. 34: The Demery Site (39C01), Oahe Reservoir Area, South Dakota

Published as a series sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution Bureau of American Ethnology, the “River Basin Surveys Papers” are a collection of archeological investigations focused on areas now flooded by the completion of various dam projects in the United States. The River Basin Surveys Papers (numbered 1-39) were mostly published in bundles, with 5-6 papers in each bundle. In collaboration with the United States (US) National Park Service and the US Bureau of Reclamation, the US Department of the Interior, and the US Army Corps of Engineers, the Smithsonian Institution pulled archeological and paleontological remains from several sites prior to losing access to the sites due to flooding. The Smithsonian Institution calls this project the Inter-Agency Archeological Salvage Program. Paper number 34 discusses the excavation of the Demery Site, located on the west bank of the Missouri River, near John Grass Creek (named for chief John Grass also known as Matȟó Watȟákpe or Charging Bear, of the Blackfeet band of Lakota). The site was excavated in 1956, by members of the State Historical Society of North Dakota. The excavation was sponsored by the National Park Service, the Department of the Interior, and the North Dakota State Legislator. The Standing Rock Nation Tribal Council granted permission for the site to be excavated. Excavation of the site yielded several houses, pottery, plant and animal remains, The site yielded artifacts made from chipped stone, ground stone, antler, and shell. Ancestors (human remains) were also found at the site. The authors do not posit what group(s) lived at this site but note that they likely lived there peacefully judging by the lack of fortifications. The authors estimate that the area was occupied between 1550 and 1650 A.D. This paper contains photographs, illustrations, text figures, and maps.https://commons.und.edu/indigenous-gov-docs/1127/thumbnail.jp

The Lantern Vol. 11, No. 1, December 1942

• Friends of the Aquarium • Espionage • Fuss-Budget • Dress Blues • Alone • One Easy Lesson in How Not to Study • A Thumbtack Sketch • One Star • A Colonial Inn • Thoughts on a Dark Day • Query • Paul Revere and the World He Lived In • Sunsetshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/lantern/1028/thumbnail.jp

The effect of acid demineralising bituminous coals and de-ashing the respective chars on nitrogen functional forms

An opportunity presented itself to compare changes in nitrogen functional forms brought by the acid treatment of South African bituminous coals and their respective chars. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to determine functional forms of the raw coals, acid-treated coals, respective chars prepared at 740 and 980 °C in a bench-scale fluidised-bed (FB), and at 1000 and 1400 °C in a drop-tube furnace (DTF), as well as their corresponding de-ashed remnants. The XPS N 1s spectra for the raw coals were typically similar to previous widely reported bituminous coals, of which pyrrolic nitrogen was the predominant form of organically bound nitrogen, followed by pyridinic and quaternary nitrogen. In pyrolysed chars, quaternary nitrogen was the dominant form followed by pyridinic, pyrrolic and protonated-/oxidised heterocyclic nitrogen forms respectively. Nonetheless, XPS N 1s analysis for DTF severely pyrolysed chars (1000 and 1400 °C) prepared from high ash and vitrinite-rich coal, and also a char (1400 °C) from a relatively low ash and inertinite-rich coal, gave a spectra with only two sub-peaks corresponding to quaternary and pyridinic nitrogen. It seems that the HCl/HF/HCl sequential demineralising/de-ashing process had no effect on the nitrogen functional forms of raw coals and the entire chars prepared from the FB. De-ashing of DTF severely pyrolysed chars emanating from high ash and inertinite-rich coal exhibited no marked change to the nitrogen functional forms. However, acid treatment of DTF chars derived from a high ash and vitrinite-rich coal, a char from relatively low ash and inertinite-rich coal, which initially contained pyridinic and quaternary nitrogen resulted in additional nitrogen moieties of pyrrolic and protonated/oxidised nitrogen