2 research outputs found
Short-Term Pulmonary Toxicity Assessment of Pre- and Post-incinerated Organomodified Nanoclay in Mice
Organomodified nanoclays
(ONCs) are increasingly used as filler
materials to improve nanocomposite strength, wettability, flammability,
and durability. However, pulmonary risks associated with exposure
along their chemical lifecycle are unknown. This study’s objective
was to compare pre- and post-incinerated forms of uncoated and organomodified
nanoclays for potential pulmonary inflammation, toxicity, and systemic
blood response. Mice were exposed <i>via</i> aspiration
to low (30 μg) and high (300 μg) doses of preincinerated
uncoated montmorillonite nanoclay (CloisNa), ONC (Clois30B), their
respective incinerated forms (I-CloisNa and I-Clois30B), and crystalline
silica (CS). Lung and blood tissues were collected at days 1, 7, and
28 to compare toxicity and inflammation indices. Well-dispersed CloisNa
caused a robust inflammatory response characterized by neutrophils,
macrophages, and particle-laden granulomas. Alternatively, Clois30B,
I-Clois30B, and CS high-dose exposures elicited a low grade, persistent
inflammatory response. High-dose Clois30B exposure exhibited moderate
increases in lung damage markers and a delayed macrophage recruitment
cytokine signature peaking at day 7 followed by a fibrotic tissue
signature at day 28, similar to CloisNa. I-CloisNa exhibited acute,
transient inflammation with quick recovery. Conversely, high-dose
I-Clois30B caused a weak initial inflammatory signal but showed comparable
pro-inflammatory signaling to CS at day 28. The data demonstrate that
ONC pulmonary toxicity and inflammatory potential relies on coating
presence and incineration status in that coated and incinerated nanoclay
exhibited less inflammation and granuloma formation than pristine
montmorillonite. High doses of both pre- and post-incinerated ONC,
with different surface morphologies, may harbor potential pulmonary
health hazards over long-term occupational exposures
Short-Term Pulmonary Toxicity Assessment of Pre- and Post-incinerated Organomodified Nanoclay in Mice
Organomodified nanoclays
(ONCs) are increasingly used as filler
materials to improve nanocomposite strength, wettability, flammability,
and durability. However, pulmonary risks associated with exposure
along their chemical lifecycle are unknown. This study’s objective
was to compare pre- and post-incinerated forms of uncoated and organomodified
nanoclays for potential pulmonary inflammation, toxicity, and systemic
blood response. Mice were exposed <i>via</i> aspiration
to low (30 μg) and high (300 μg) doses of preincinerated
uncoated montmorillonite nanoclay (CloisNa), ONC (Clois30B), their
respective incinerated forms (I-CloisNa and I-Clois30B), and crystalline
silica (CS). Lung and blood tissues were collected at days 1, 7, and
28 to compare toxicity and inflammation indices. Well-dispersed CloisNa
caused a robust inflammatory response characterized by neutrophils,
macrophages, and particle-laden granulomas. Alternatively, Clois30B,
I-Clois30B, and CS high-dose exposures elicited a low grade, persistent
inflammatory response. High-dose Clois30B exposure exhibited moderate
increases in lung damage markers and a delayed macrophage recruitment
cytokine signature peaking at day 7 followed by a fibrotic tissue
signature at day 28, similar to CloisNa. I-CloisNa exhibited acute,
transient inflammation with quick recovery. Conversely, high-dose
I-Clois30B caused a weak initial inflammatory signal but showed comparable
pro-inflammatory signaling to CS at day 28. The data demonstrate that
ONC pulmonary toxicity and inflammatory potential relies on coating
presence and incineration status in that coated and incinerated nanoclay
exhibited less inflammation and granuloma formation than pristine
montmorillonite. High doses of both pre- and post-incinerated ONC,
with different surface morphologies, may harbor potential pulmonary
health hazards over long-term occupational exposures