Reporter-gene assays for monoclonal antibodies

There is a need to develop rapid, sensitive and cost-effective potency assays to test monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). This study investigated the use of reporter-gene assays (RGAs) as potency assays, to test anti-IL-6/IL6R and anti-EGF/EGFR MAbs, using destabilized EGFP and luciferase as reporter genes

Modified Bloch equations in presence of a nonstationary bath

Based on the system-reservoir description we propose a simple solvable microscopic model for a nonequilibrium bath. This captures the essential features of a nonstationary quantum Markov process. We establish an appropriate generalization of the fluctuation-dissipation relation pertaining to this process and explore the essential modifications of the Bloch equations to reveal the nonexponential decay of the Bloch vector components and transient spectral broadening in resonance fluorescence. We discuss a simple experimental scheme to verify the theoretical results.Comment: Revtex, 27 pages, 2 ps figures. To appear in European Physical Journal

Phase diffusion and fluctuations in a dissipative Bose-Josephson junction

We analyze the phase diffusion, quantum fluctuations and their spectral features of an one-dimensional Bose-Josephson junction (BJJ) coupled to a bosonic heat bath. We show the dependence of the phase diffusion coefficient on the on-site interaction parameter $U$ and the temperature in zero-phase and $\pi$-phase modes. We find that in the $\pi$-phase mode, the phase diffusion co-efficient as a function of $U$ decreases so long as $U$ is below a critical value while it increases above the critical value. This criticality of on-site interaction reflects a transition between Josephson oscillation and macroscopic quantum self-trapping (MQST) regime. Based on the thermal canonical Wigner distribution, we calculate the coherence factor to understand its dependence on temperature and on-site interaction energy in Josephson oscillation and MQST regime. Furthermore, we discuss coherent and incoherent spectral properties in connection with the fluctuations of the relative phase and the population imbalance in both zero and $\pi$-phase modes from weak to strong dissipation regime

Production and identification of intricate bioactive oligosaccharides from Nyctanthesarbor-tristis leaves by a combination of enzymatic, HPAEC and MALDI-TOF-MS techniques

1471-1477Non-digestible oligosaccharides are associated with positive health outcomes; however, hemicellulosic oligosaccharides of N. arbor-tristis have not been studied. Herein, we report production of hemicellulosic oligosaccharides from its leaves and their identification. A series of complex neutral oligosaccharides (1-16), produced by endo-(1,4)--D-glucanase digestion of the alkali extracted xyloglucan, have been identified by chemical, HPAE chromatographic and MALDI-mass spectrometric techniques. Additionally, xylan enriched hemicellulose-A fraction upon endo-(1,4)--D-xylanase digestion yield several acidic and neutral xylo-oligosaccharides (17-24), each containing a backbone of -(1,4)-D-Xylp units substituted at position 2 with a single stub of D-Xylp or 4-O-Me-D-GlcpA residues. The structural diversity and high water solubility of these enzyme-generated oligosaccharides suggested promising health implications

Production and identification of intricate bioactive oligosaccharides from Nyctanthesarbor-tristis leaves by a combination of enzymatic, HPAEC and MALDI-TOF-MS techniques

Nondigestible oligosaccharides are associated with positive health outcomes; however, hemicellulosic oligosaccharides of N. arbor-tristis have not been studied. Herein we report production hemicellulosic oligosaccharides from its leaves and their identification. A series of complex neutral oligosaccharides (1-16), produced by endo-(1,4)-b-d-cellulase digestion of the alkali extracted xyloglucan, were identified by chemical, HPAE chromatographic and MALDI mass spectrometric techniques. Additionally, xylan enriched hemicellulose-A fraction upon endo-(1,4)-b-d-xylanase digestion yielded several acidic and neutral xylo-oligosaccharides (17-24), each containing a backbone of b-(1,4)-d-Xylp units substituted at position 2 with a single stub of d-Xylp and 4-O-Me-d-GlcpA residues. The structural diversity and high-water solubility of these enzyme-generated oligosaccharides implied promising health implication

Quantum theory of dissipation of a harmonic oscillator coupled to a nonequilibrium bath; Wigner-Weisskopf decay and physical spectra

We extend the quantum theory of dissipation in the context of system-reservoir model, where the reservoir in question is kept in a nonequilibrium condition. Based on a systematic separation of time scales involved in the dynamics, appropriate generalizations of the fluctuation-dissipation and Einstein's relations have been pointed out. We show that the Wigner-Weisskopf decay of the system mode results in a rate constant which depending on the relaxation of nonequilibrium bath is dynamically modified. We also calculate the time-dependent spectra of a cavity mode with a suitable gain when the cavity is kept in contact with a nonequilibrium bath.Comment: Plain Latex, 28 pages, 2 PS figure

Generation and characterization of complex bioactive oligosaccharides from flax meal by a combination of enzyme hydrolysis, HPAEC and MALDI-TOF-MS

332-338This study aimed at analyzing complex neutral and acidic oligosaccharides generated from the hemicellulosic polysaccharides (4A and 4B) of flax meal. A 86 kDa xyloglucan rich population (4Baq) purified from soluble 4B fraction by anion exchange chromatography was digested with endo-(14)---cellulase. Analysis of the resulting fragments by chemical methods as well as high performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) showed the presence of penta(1)-, hexa(2)-, hepta(3)-, octa(4)-, nona(5,6)-and deca(7)-saccharides as the building sub-units. Hemicellulose 4A is composed of a linear chain of --xylopyranosyl units, bonded together by (14)-glycosidic links, containing a single -xylopyranosyl, 4-O-methyl--glucopyranuronosyl, -glucopyranuronosyl residues joined by glycosidic links to position 2 of the xylose units of the main chain, in proportions of one branch to every eight units of xylose. </span

Time-dependent micromaser spectrum

We examine the growth of a cavity field built up from a vacuum in a micromaser in terms of a "physical spectrum" or a time-dependent spectrum and the photon distributions. We find that the photon distribution attains the steady state earlier than the spectrum becomes steady. The short-time decrease of the half-width at half maximum of the spectrum obeys a power-law behavior with time

Micromaser with Kerr nonlinearity

A micromaser containing a Kerr medium in its cavity has been investigated. We have presented an exact solution to the model Hamiltonian, which, apart from the usual Jaynes-Cummings terms, contains a Kerr term (a<SUP>°2</SUP>a<SUP>2</SUP>). We have shown that the Kerr cavity nonlinearity significantly modifies the photon statistics of the micromaser field. Particularly, it is interesting to note that with the introduction of appropriate nonlinearity a micromaser can be made to approach towards a number state with a low number of photons