Pulsar Bound on the Photon Electric Charge Reexamined

If photons had a small electric charge $Q_\gamma$ their path in the galactic magnetic field would be curved, leading to a time delay between photons of different frequency from a distant source. Cocconi's previous application of this argument led to a limit which is too restrictive by a factor of about 200; the corrected bound is Q_\gamma/e\lapprox10^{-29}.Comment: 3 pages, LaTe

Diversification, Coordination Costs, and Organizational Rigidity: Evidence From Microdata

This paper examines the impact of coordination costs and organizational rigidity on the returns to diversification. The central thesis is that coordination costs offset economies of scope, while organizational rigidity increases coordination costs, further constraining economies of scope. The empirical tests of this proposition identify the effects of coordination and organizational rigidity costs on business unit and firm productivity, using novel data from the Economic Census on taxicab and limousine firms. The key results show that coordination and organizational rigidity costs are economically and statistically significant, while organizational rigidity itself accounts for a 16 percent decrease in paid ride-miles per taxicab in incumbent diversifiers, controlling for the other costs and benefits of diversification and incumbency. The findings suggest that coordination costs, in general, and organizational rigidity costs, in particular, limit the scope of the firm

Diurnal changes in the heterotrophic uptake of glycolate and glucose in two lakes

A study was made of diurnal changes in the heterotrophic uptake kinetics of both ¹⁴C-glucose and ¹⁴C- glycolate in two small stratified lakes, Lake Rotomanuka in New Zealand and Lake Fryxell in Antarctica. The purpose of the investigation was to study the effect that diurnal changes in the extracellular release of certain substrates by algae might have on the uptake of those substrates by aquatic microheterotrophs. The heterotrophic uptake technique of Parsons and Strickland.(196l) was modified to provide a technique which was more convenient for field-work. In an effort to exclude the effects of migration and heterogeneous population distribution on substrate uptake, the microbial population in each lake was observed using a combination of (a) direct counts of bacteria (using acridine orange staining and epi-fluorescent microscopy); (b) measurement of chlorophyll α and bacterio-chlorophyll and (c) measurement of the reduction of INT dye. The natural concentration of glycolate was measured on some occasions using a modification of the technique of Shah and Wright (1974)

Review of \u3ci\u3eThe West and Reconstruction\u3c/i\u3e By Eugene H. Berwanger

Since 1967, historians of the Reconstruction era have turned away from the Confederate states and Washington to focus their attention on the Northern states. David Montgomery, Felice A. Bonadio, James C. Mohr, and others have studied labor, Ohio, New York, and the border states during Reconstruction. The present book adds to that body of literature a broad-gauged examination of the trans-Mississippi West during the years from 1865 to 1870, omitting the former slave states and Iowa, which are considered more middle western than western. The author of a previous work, The Frontier Against Slavery, Berwanger brings a distinguished background to his new book. Earlier studies of the North during Reconstruction have defined the leading issues as trade unionism, prohibition, prostitution, and legal equality for blacks. Earlier studies of the trans-Mississippi West during Reconstruction have focused upon Indians, cowboys, miners, cattlemen, and nesters. It was a West in which the concerns engaging the attention of eastern states and Washington lawmakers had little place. Lincoln\u27s assassination, according to Berwanger\u27s findings, sparked the West\u27s interest in Reconstruction; and Andrew Johnson\u27s stubbornness and unseemly conduct were alienating western Republicans by the end of 1866. The president\u27s inept handling of patronage disappointed Republicans and Democrats alike. As Congress began to gain ascendancy, westerners supported the Republican party and congressional policy. Congress bestowed suffrage upon blacks in the territories nearly two months before it decreed suffrage for blacks in the unreconstructed states. It has been little noticed by historians that the Territorial Suffrage Act was strongly influenced by a protest from Colorado blacks against a proposed state constitution that would leave them unenfranchised. Though Congress failed to override a presidential veto of the Colorado admission bill in 1866, it soon thereafter enfranchised adult black males in the federal territories and forced Nebraska to amend its proposed constitution and provide black suffrage as a fundamental condition of admission

A Survey of Extension Work in Wildlife Management and the Development of a Guide to Wildlife Extension Work in Utah

The most efficient wildlife research programs and the most satisfactory methods of applying their results are greatly enhanced if the information is present in such an interesting and understandable manner that it becomes of practical value of the people. Extension education has the function of translating the results of research into usable form and presenting it to the people. The development of a wildlife extension program is based on the needs of the people, and the various phases of the program are designed to meet and solve wildlife problems confronting the people. The purposes of this study are: 1. To determine the possible need for a wildlife extension program in Utah. 2. To determine the extent of national need for wildlife extension work. 3. To summarize the extension programs in states now having a wildlife extension service. 4. To develop a guide to wildlife extension work in Utah

Review of \u3ci\u3eThe West and Reconstruction\u3c/i\u3e By Eugene H. Berwanger

Since 1967, historians of the Reconstruction era have turned away from the Confederate states and Washington to focus their attention on the Northern states. David Montgomery, Felice A. Bonadio, James C. Mohr, and others have studied labor, Ohio, New York, and the border states during Reconstruction. The present book adds to that body of literature a broad-gauged examination of the trans-Mississippi West during the years from 1865 to 1870, omitting the former slave states and Iowa, which are considered more middle western than western. The author of a previous work, The Frontier Against Slavery, Berwanger brings a distinguished background to his new book. Earlier studies of the North during Reconstruction have defined the leading issues as trade unionism, prohibition, prostitution, and legal equality for blacks. Earlier studies of the trans-Mississippi West during Reconstruction have focused upon Indians, cowboys, miners, cattlemen, and nesters. It was a West in which the concerns engaging the attention of eastern states and Washington lawmakers had little place. Lincoln\u27s assassination, according to Berwanger\u27s findings, sparked the West\u27s interest in Reconstruction; and Andrew Johnson\u27s stubbornness and unseemly conduct were alienating western Republicans by the end of 1866. The president\u27s inept handling of patronage disappointed Republicans and Democrats alike. As Congress began to gain ascendancy, westerners supported the Republican party and congressional policy. Congress bestowed suffrage upon blacks in the territories nearly two months before it decreed suffrage for blacks in the unreconstructed states. It has been little noticed by historians that the Territorial Suffrage Act was strongly influenced by a protest from Colorado blacks against a proposed state constitution that would leave them unenfranchised. Though Congress failed to override a presidential veto of the Colorado admission bill in 1866, it soon thereafter enfranchised adult black males in the federal territories and forced Nebraska to amend its proposed constitution and provide black suffrage as a fundamental condition of admission

Ageing, Motion Perception and the Compensation for Eye Movements

Smooth pursuit over a textured background introduces full-field motion to the retinal image in the direction opposing the eye movement. If this motion is not correctly attributed to the eye movement, it can be falsely perceived as motion in the world (Haarmeier, Thier, Repnow & Petersen, 1997). In order to correctly attribute retinal motion, the visual system must compensate for the effects of eye movements on the retinal image in motion perception. Visual motion perception is important for safely navigating the environment and has been linked to difficulties experienced by older adults while driving (Conlon & Herkes, 2008; Raghuram & Lakshminarayanan, 2006) and walking (Cavanaugh, 2002). The experiments reported in this thesis were devised in order to examine the effects of ageing on the perception of illusory motion during eye movements and therefore on the ability to compensate for eye movements in motion perception. The perception of motion during smooth pursuit eye movements was assessed in adults ranging in age from 17 to 79 years. The computer based task required participants to respond to the speed and direction of motion of a large-field random dot pattern while following a moving target dot with the eyes. For this task, a magnitude estimation tool was especially designed based on the direction response method of Bennett, Sekuler and Sekuler (2007). During the experimental session an eye tracker recorded the participant's eye movements. For the purposes of analysis, four groups were defined by age. It was found that the smooth pursuit of adults from ~40 years of age was slower than that of the younger age groups. With stationary eyes, the oldest age group ranging in age from 60 to 79 years tended to overestimate the speed of the dot pattern as compared to younger observers. This tendency decreased at higher background speeds. Eye movements appeared to affect the perception of the dot field's motion more in the group of participants ranging in age from 40 to 54 years than in the younger age groups. This also seemed to be the case for participants aged over 60 when viewing horizontal motion but not vertical motion. The results of this study suggest that older observers may be less able to compensate for the effects of eye movements on the retinal image. This could potentially affect their ability to safely and confidently navigate the environment

Letter from the Pastor - 1902 - Rawley F. Tredway

A letter from Rawley F. Tredway to First Baptist Church Shelby about a foreign missions offering.https://digitalcommons.gardner-webb.edu/first-baptist-shelby-rawley-tredway/1001/thumbnail.jp

Information Technology, Productivity, and Asset Ownership: Evidence from Taxicab Fleets

We develop a simple model that links the adoption of a productivity-enhancing technology to increased vertical integration and a less skilled workforce. We test the model's key prediction using novel microdata on vehicle ownership patterns from the Economic Census during a period when computerized dispatching systems were first adopted by taxicab firms. Controlling for time-invariant firm-specific effects, firms increase the proportion of taxicabs under fleet ownership by 12% when they adopt new computerized dispatching systems. An instrumental variables analysis suggests that the link between dispatching technology and vertical integration is causal. These findings suggest that increasing a firm's productivity can lead to increased vertical integration, even in the absence of asset specificity