Functional outcome in displaced proximal humeral fractures in adults treated by proximal humeral locking plates

Background: The management of proximal humerus fractures (PHF) is a challenging task to any surgeon. Study was conducted to evaluate the clinical and functional outcome of the proximal humeral internal locking system in fixation of displaced proximal humeral fractures.Methods: Study was conducted in the Department of Orthopedics, GSL Medical College. Informed written consent was taken from the study participants. All skeletally mature patients aged >18 years, presenting with displaced PHF according to Neer two, three and four part fracture were included in the study. Either deltopectoral or deltoid splitting approach was used for surgery, post-operative rehabilitation was started on day one.Results: Twenty-five patients with PHF were enrolled in the study; five-holed proximal humerus locking plate (PHLP) was used for 18 patients, eight-holed PHLP for 05 and three-holed, ten-holed PHLP for 01 for one each. The Constant-Murley score was significantly improved (p=0.000) over each successive follow-up period with the average improvement of around 19 scores between 1st and 2nd follow-up and around 15 score improvement between 2nd and 3rd follow-up.Conclusions: The proximal humeral locking plate is an adequate device for the fixation of displaced two-part, three-part and four-part PHF. Patient can regain good shoulder function, resume normal activities much earlier

Preclinical assessment of ulixertinib, a novel ERK1/2 inhibitor

Ulixertinib (BVD-523) is a novel and selective reversible inhibitor of ERK1/ERK2. In xenograft studies it inhibited tumor growth in BRAF-mutant melanoma and colorectal xenografts as well as KRAS-mutant colorectal and pancreatic models. Ulixertinib is currently in Phase I clinical development for the treatment of advance solid tumors. The objective of the study is to assess the metabolic stability (in various pre-clinical and human liver microsomes/hepatocytes), permeability, protein binding, CYP inhibition, CYP induction and CYP phenotyping of ulixertinib. We have also studied the oral and intravenous pharmacokinetics of ulixertinib in mice, rats and dogs. Ulixertinib was found to be moderately to highly stable in various liver microsomes/hepatocytes tested. It is a medium permeable (2.67 x 10-6 cm /sec) drug and a substrate for efflux (efflux ratio: 3.02) in Caco-2 model. Ulixertinib was highly bound to plasma proteins. CYPs involved in its limited metabolism and it is CYP inhibition IC50 ranged between 10-20 μM. Post oral administration ulixertinib exhibited early Tmax (0.50-0.75 h) in mice and rats indicating absorption was rapid, however in dogs Tmax attained at 2 h. The half-life (t½) of ulixertinib by intravenous and oral routes ranged between 1.0-2.5 h across the species. Clearance and volume of distribution by intravenous route for ulixertinib were found to be 6.24 mL/min/kg and 0.56 L/kg; 1.67 mL/min/kg and 0.36 L/kg and 15.5 mL/min/kg and 1.61 L/kg in mice, rats and dogs, respectively. Absolute oral bioavailability in mice and rats was > 92 %, however in dogs it was 34 %

Preclinical assessment of ulixertinib, a novel ERK1/2 inhibitor

Ulixertinib (BVD-523) is a novel and selective reversible inhibitor of ERK1/ERK2. In xenograft studies it inhibited tumor growth in BRAF-mutant melanoma and colorectal xenografts as well as KRAS-mutant colorectal and pancreatic models. Ulixertinib is currently in Phase I clinical development for the treatment of advance solid tumors. The objective of the study is to assess the metabolic stability (in various pre-clinical and human liver microsomes/hepatocytes), permeability, protein binding, CYP inhibition, CYP induction and CYP phenotyping of ulixertinib. We have also studied the oral and intravenous pharmacokinetics of ulixertinib in mice, rats and dogs. Ulixertinib was found to be moderately to highly stable in various liver microsomes/hepatocytes tested. It is a medium permeable (2.67 x 10-6 cm /sec) drug and a substrate for efflux (efflux ratio: 3.02) in Caco-2 model. Ulixertinib was highly bound to plasma proteins. CYPs involved in its limited metabolism and it is CYP inhibition IC50 ranged between 10-20 µM. Post oral administration ulixertinib exhibited early Tmax (0.50-0.75 h) in mice and rats indicating absorption was rapid, however in dogs Tmax attained at 2 h. The half-life (t½) of ulixertinib by intravenous and oral routes ranged between 1.0-2.5 h across the species. Clearance and volume of distribution by intravenous route for ulixertinib were found to be 6.24 mL/min/kg and 0.56 L/kg; 1.67 mL/min/kg and 0.36 L/kg and 15.5 mL/min/kg and 1.61 L/kg in mice, rats and dogs, respectively. Absolute oral bioavailability in mice and rats was > 92 %, however in dogs it was 34 %

Personalization and Location-based Technologies for E-Commerce Applications

Tailoring web-pages to different user characteristics such as location, preferences and previous history (page-hits, products bought) have been shown to be effective tools for personalizing web-content. In this paper, we briefly summarize the techniques in these state-of-the-art personalization technologies. We first describe personalization using user preferences or history and then describe personalization based on user's current location. Whereas the former is applicable for deployment in web-sites, the latter is useful in providing location-based content to mobile users and wireless applications

Efficient Dynamic Range Searching using Data Replication

Given the lower bound of\Omega\Gamma n (d\Gamma1)=d ) for range query time complexity on n d-dimensional point data, we investigate whether little replication can improve the query and update times significantly. We propose linear-space index structures that minimize the query and update times; the query time we achieve is O(n ffl ) for any ffl ? 0, and, the update time is O(log n). 1 Introduction Given a set S of d-dimensional points, a range query q is specified by d 1-dimensional intervals [a i ; b i ] one for each dimension i, and retrieves all points p = (p 1 ; p 2 ; : : : p d ) in S such that h8i 2 f1; : : : ; dg : a i p i b i i. This type of searching in multiple dimensions is fundamental to geographic information systems, image databases and computer graphics. Several efficient data structures using linear and nonlinear space (measured in terms of the number of data points) have been proposed in the literature [Bentley 1977, Bentley 1980, Guttman 1984]. For large databa..

Improved concurrency control techniques for multi-dimensional index structures

Multi-dimensional index structures such as R-trees enable fast searching in high-dimensional spaces. They differ from uni-dimensional structures in the following aspects: (1) index regions in the tree may be modified during ordinary insert and delete operations, and (2) node splits during inserts are quite expensive. Both these characteristics may lead to reduced concurrency of update and query operations. In this paper, we examine how to achieve high concurrency for multi-dimensional structures. First, we develop a new technique for efficiently handling index region modifications. Then, we extend it to reduce/eliminate query blocking overheads during node-splits. We examine two variants of this extended scheme – one that reduces the blocking overhead for queries, and another that completely eliminates it. Experiments on image data on a shared-memory multiprocessor show that these schemes achieve up to 2 times higher throughput than existing techniques, and scale well with the number of processors.

Liver function test abnormalities: Do they correlate with severity in dengue infection? An Indian perspective

Introduction: Involvement of the liver is frequently reported among patients with dengue infection, and liver enzymes are commonly deranged in dengue infection. Raised levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in dengue infection were linked to worse outcomes. The present study was an attempt to study the liver function test abnormalities in dengue fever (DF) and its correlation with the severity of the disease. Methods: The present study was undertaken as a hospital-based retrospective study of DF patients in the age group of 15–60 years. Five hundred and thirty patients who met the eligibility criteria and were admitted to the study hospital during the duration of data collection period (July 2018 to July 2021), comprised the study sample. Differences in means were tested using ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis test. The difference in proportions was tested using the Chi-square test. Results: Majority of the patients were males (73.4%) with a mean of 30.3 ± 9.7 years. A significant association was observed between clinical features of jaundice, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, ascites, effusion, bleeding, organ failure, and severe forms of DF. There was a significant positive correlation between aspartate aminotransferase, ALT, and serum bilirubin values among patients with severe forms of DF. Conclusion: Significant proportions of patients with DF without warning signs and severe DF had deranged liver function parameters. A statistically significant association was observed between liver function parameters and the severity of dengue disease