Entrepreneurship by immigrants: a review of existing literature and directions for future research

Abstract The topic of immigrant entrepreneurship has gained considerable attention in social and policy circles around the world. Likewise, research on it has grown significantly over the past few decades, with studies examining the micro-, meso-, and macrolevel antecedents and consequences of this phenomenon. While contributing to our knowledge, this growth in literature has also created complexity within this domain. Assuch,thereisaneedtotakestockofcurrentresearch.Inthepresentstudy,Iadvancein this direction. I delineate the boundaries and outline the contributions of immigrant entrepreneurship research to the field of entrepreneurship. Thereafter, based on a comprehensive review of 69 studies published between 1980 and 2016 in journals across multiple disciplines, I develop a framework to integrate findings within this domain. Finally,I identifygapsandadvancesuggestionsforfutureresearch.It ishopedthatthese steps will provide a clear vision of common research ground on which to build theory, identify assumptions, develop meaningful research questions and establish the ontological and epistemological base of this domain.Keywords Immigrantentrepreneurship.Foreignbusinessowners.Literaturereview. Domainanalysi

Cultural Regions of Canada and United States: Implications for International Management Research

We consider why international business research comparing values, attitudes, and behaviors of managers from the United States and Canada shows conflicting results about cultural differences and similarities between these two nations. We argue that one reason behind these inconsistent findings is the presence of intranational subcultural regions in these nations. The second reason is that the variable(s) under scrutiny influence the generalizability of research findings. Employing Lenartowicz and Roth’s (1999) framework for culture assessment, theories of cultural evolution and maintenance, and data from the World Values Survey, we test the distinctiveness of subcultural regions in the United States and Canada, at both the individual level and the regional level of analysis. Results support our hypothesized arguments