Polityka tożsamości literatury polskiej. Żydówka – obcość nieprzekraczalna w „Wielkim Tygodniu” Jerzego Andrzejewskiego i „Przy torze kolejowym” Zofii Nałkowskiej

According to the concept coined by B enedict Anderson, literature is one of the major instruments of building identity of imagined communities. For every narrative identity essential element is the figure of stranger. The paper is devoted to the reconstruction of the image of Jewess in polish literature. In the identity discourse of polish culture she acts as eternal stranger

Hope in patients with congestive heart failure

Palliative care was for a long time connected with oncology and entire competence concerned the measures of treating symptoms relating to cancer. The most frequent symptoms of congestive heart failure resemble the symptoms in patients diagnosed with cancer and AIDS. They include: dyspnoea (60-88%), pain (63-80%), depression (9-36%), fear (49%), nausea (17-48%), mental disorientation (18-32%) and fatigue (69-82%). The subject of the research was to determine the level of hope in patients with congestive heart failure and compare it to the level of hope present with cardiological patients without heart failure, and healthy people.Palliative care was for a long time connected with oncology and entire competence concerned the measures of treating symptoms relating to cancer. The most frequent symptoms of congestive heart failure resemble the symptoms in patients diagnosed with cancer and AIDS. They include: dyspnoea (60-88%), pain (63-80%), depression (9-36%), fear (49%), nausea (17-48%), mental disorientation (18-32%) and fatigue (69-82%). The subject of the research was to determine the level of hope in patients with congestive heart failure and compare it to the level of hope present with cardiological patients without heart failure, and healthy people

Potencjał kampowej dekonstrukcji. Przypadek „Kamieni na szaniec” Roberta Glińskiego

In accordance with Susan Sontag’s thesis on camp, camp is purely in the eye of the beholder, with its unconscious and innocent use considered to be the most perfect realization of the concept. This article is an attempt of camp-oriented interpretation and analysis of the film “Kamienie na Szaniec” (Stones for the Rampart; 2014) directed by Robert Gliński, which has the characteristics of camp: it is overaesthetic, stylistically inconsistent, inaccurate, filled to the brim with abuse and artificiality. Nowadays, film is one of the most important mediums of memory, with a significant influence on collective memory. At the same time film is subject to certain restrictions that often transfigure it more to a tabloid and, as a consequence, its use frequently leads to the tabloidization of collective memory. The use of camp as a tool allows (us? People? The viewer? we need a subject here) to perceive the dangers and pitfalls inherent in so transformed a collective memory. Moreover, camp enables exposure and deconstruction of myths and phantasms that govern the mechanisms of that collective memory and thereby may become a catalyst for change

Craniofacial disorders in the course of Tourette’s syndrome - a review of the literature

INTRODUCTION: Tourette's syndrome is a neurological disorder in which the patient presents first symptoms, such as motor and voice tics, in childhood. If the disease significantly impairs proper functioning in society, symptomatic treatment is applied. Antipsychotics, dopaminergic receptor blockers, VMAT2 inhibitors, and non-pharmacological treatment are used, leading to a reduction in the incidence of tics by up to 50%. AIMS: The aim of the work is to present the symptoms of the disease, in particular concerning the craniofacial region and the possibility of implementing any treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All data comes from the analysis of the PubMed database. The paper presents cases in which the structures of the oral cavity, eyes and the brain have been damaged. DESCRIPTION OF THE STATE OF KNOWLEDGE: Treatment with TS must take place on many levels and includes pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment, therefore, patient care should be interdisciplinary.involving specialists such as psychologists, nutritionists, neurologists, anesthesiologists and dentists. The task of such a team is to diagnose the Tourette syndrome, improve patients quality of life, even by limiting the effects of medications (weight gain) or specialist treatment of damage and discomfort caused by symptoms. Psychological therapy remains the primary one, which is why a qualified team of psychologists and psychotherapists is important. Dentists are an important part of the interdisciplinary team, due to the high frequency of tics covering the oral cavity and the associated consequences. Decisions on treatment should be established jointly, referring to a comprehensive look at individual needs and priorities in patient therapy. SUMMARY: It was found that there is a variety of types and intensity of tics in patients with Tourette's syndrome. The clinical team supervising such a patient should be an interdisciplinary team including dentists, neurologists, psychologists or orthopedics to provide patients with comprehensive and multidirectional treatment

Prenatal development of coronary arteries in the rat: morphometric patterns

The aim of this work was to address morphometric patterns of coronary artery (c.a.) development in the rat based on serial section analysis of hearts at different stages of prenatal development. Studies were performed on foetal hearts 15-21 days (ED) post-conception. Paraffin sections were stained with haematoxylin-eosin (H & E) and frozen sections were labelled with Griffonia simplicifolia I (GSI) lectin (endothelial cell marker). Coronary arteries™ luminal diameters were measured at different distances from the aortic roots and the main c.a. branch lengths were calculated from serial sections. All measured values were compared to heart length and to foetal stages. On ED15 precursors of c.a. were distinguished as tubes running on both sides of the outflow tract. Below the aortic valves the tubes had the largest diameter. Formation and development of c.a. proceeded by elongation of vascular tubes distally, ramification and formation of the media and the adventitia. During the prenatal period the c.a. length increased approximately 14-fold, while heart length increased about 4-fold, and crown-rump length about 2.5-fold. The lumen of the proximal part of c.a. increased 4-fold during ED18±21. An increase in c.a. length is the fastest compared to the heart growth, and crown-rump growth during the foetal life

Komunikowanie się z pacjentami z zaawansowaną niewydolnością serca

Patients with heart failure face a life-limiting condition wherein communicating about treatment and prognosis is necessary. Communication with advanced heart failure patients is a complex process, referred to as one of the so-called communication challenges, which is often straining and frustrating for the physician. This process also involves discussions of particularly difficult issues in the course of treatment. The article discusses a specific nature of communicating with advanced heart failure patients in the context of their needs and capabilities. It also highlights topics of particular importance that need to be addressed in such discussions and presents patient-reported communication problems. The paper examines factors hindering communication with patients, presents strategies applied by specialist that help avoid discussions with patients and their families, and heart failure-specific communication situations. The paper presents a proposal for medical doctors of how to prepare for a discussion with patients with advanced heart failure and provides guidelines for an interview.Pacjenci z niewydolnością serca doświadczają ograniczającej choroby, podczas której konieczne jest rozmawianie z nimi na temat leczenia i prognozy. Jest to proces złożony, określany jako tak zwane wyzwanie komunikacyjne, które często stanowi dla lekarza duże obciążenie oraz jest źródłem frustracji. Częścią tego procesu są rozmowy o szczególnie trudnych kwestiach dotyczących leczenia. W artykule omówiono specyfikę komunikowania się z pacjentami z zaawansowaną niewydolnością serca w kontekście ich potrzeb i możliwości, zwrócono uwagę na szczególnie ważne do przedyskutowania tematy, przedstawiono zgłaszane przez pacjentów problemy z komunikacją. Omówiono także czynniki utrudniające komunikowanie się z pacjentem, stosowane przez specjalistów strategie, które mają na celu uniknięcie rozmowy z pacjentem i jego rodziną oraz specyficzne dla tego syndromu sytuacje komunikacyjne. Zaproponowano sposoby przygotowania się lekarza do rozmowy z pacjentem z zaawansowaną niewydolnością serca oraz wytyczne takiej rozmowy

Nadzieja u chorych z zaawansowaną niewydolnością serca

Przez długi czas opieka paliatywna była związana z onkologią i zgromadzoną wiedzę wykorzystywano głównie do pracy z chorymi na nowotwory. Tymczasem najczęstsze objawy zaawansowanej niewydolności serca są podobne do tych, których doświadczają chorzy na nowotwory oraz AIDS. Zalicza się do nich: duszność (60-88%), ból (63-80%), depresję (9-36%), lęk (49%), nudności (17-48%), splątanie (18-32%) oraz zmęczenie (69-82%). Celem niniejszej pracy było określenie poziomu nadziei u pacjentów z zaawansowaną niewydolnością serca oraz porównanie go z poziomem nadziei chorych kardiologicznych bez niewydolności serca i osób zdrowych

Co leży u podłoża złej współpracy lekarz-pacjent? - spojrzenie psychologa

W pracy przedstawiono relację lekarz–pacjent w kategoriach interakcji zachodzących w specyficznym środowisku, jakim są instytucje służby zdrowia. Określono, na czym polega rola chorego, a także jakie są konsekwencje paternalistycznej relacji między lekarzem a chorym. Następnie zaproponowano sposób postępowania w sytuacjach zakłócenia porozumiewania się lekarza z pacjentem. W końcowej części pracy podkreślono konieczność edukowania pacjenta oraz odpowiedniego przekazywania mu ważnych informacji. (Folia Cardiologica Excerpta 2010; 5, 2: 84-87