The Effects of the Toxicity of (Fe (so4).7H2o) on the isolated Mitochondria from the brain of rat

Introduction: Iron, through the reaction of Fenton, generates free radicals such as active oxygen radicals and activates the oxidative stress pathway. The oxidative stress due to the increased iron level in the brain regions plays  an important role in creation of neurodegenerative diseases. Methods and Results:In this study, the mitochondria of the brain tissue of Wild Wistar Rat isolated from various centrifuge rounds and with the concentrations of Fe (so4).7H2o were incubated at 30 and 60 minutes. To determine IC50 Fe (so4).7H2o, the mitochondrial survival ratio was measured by MTT test. Mitochondrial suspension with the concentration of 0.5 mg protein/ml at various concentrations of Fe (so4).7H2o was placed in a shaker incubator at 37° C for 30 and 60 minutes. Then the activity of mitochondrial complex 2 and the formation ratio of reactive oxygen species was investigated. The results showed that IC50 ratio for Fe (so4).7H2o was 20 and 5 μg/ml at 30 and 60 minutes, respectively, and mitochondria incubation isolated from the brain tissue of the rat with Fe (so4).7H2o can disrupt be the electron transfer chain and significantly increases the formation of reactive oxygen species compared to the control group (P <0.001). Conclusions:The findings of this study indicate that Fe (so4).7H2o disrupts electron transfer chain in the mitochondria and causes increasing ROS production. This excessive increase of ROS can activate the oxidative stress pathway and ultimately activate the cell toxicity pathways

Original research evaluation of risk factors in patients with cerebral Haemorrhage requiring ventriculoperitoneal shunt after initial external ventricular drain implantation in Golestan hospital of ahvaz in 2019-2020

Background: A significant number of studies have explored the risk factors in patients requiring a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt following presentation with hydrocephalus, secondary to various types of cerebral haemorrhage, other brain disorders and complications. In this study, we intend to explore the risk factors in patients with Spontaneous cerebral haemorrhage that require ventriculoperitoneal shunt following initial implantation of an external ventricular drain. Methods: This study was based at the neurosurgery ward of Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz. We looked at all patients between the ages of 17 and 80 years who were admitted between 2019 and 2020 with  spontaneous cerebral haemorrhage and were treated with an external ventricular drain (EVD). After the group was filtered for inclusion & exclusion criteria discussed later, their risk factors for dependence on long-term CSF drainage by ventriculoperitoneal shunt were evaluated. Data analysis, both descriptive and statistical were performed by SPSS software version 25. Results: It was observed that old age, brain surgery (except for EVD implantation), presence of underlying comorbidities including hypertension and Diabetes mellitus, duration of intubation categorised into three classes, <7 days, 7-14 days and >14 days, daily EVD quantity, EVD duration, distance from burr hole entry to the EVD exit site