Cholecystectomy: Long term effect on serum lipid profile and Vitamin D

Background: The association between cholecystectomy and abnormal lipids and later increase in the risk of diseases related to dyslipidemia showed controversial results. This study aims to evaluate the association of lipid profile and Vitamin D level before and after cholecystectomy. Materials and Methods: Ninety-eight patients with symptomatic gallstones were studied prospectively. Plasma concentration of cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL and vitamin D was analyzed preoperatively and postoperatively after six months of cholecystectomy. None of the patients received any lipid-lowering drug or dietary restriction. Results: Sixty-seven (68.4%) female and 31 (31.6%) male patients were studied for six months. There was a significant increase in total serum cholesterol besides a significant decrease in vitamin D and HDL serum level after six months. Also, there was a non-significant increase in the serum level of LDL and triglyceride. In stone based sub analysis the same results achieved. Conclusion: There was a significant decrease in plasma concentration of vitamin D and HDL and the significant increase in cholesterol , triglyceride, and LDL in cholecystectomy patients postoperatively. These changes in plasma lipids and Vitamin D are likely to have a significant effect on the development of different disease related to dyslipidemia such as coronary artery disease and low bone density after cholecystectomy in the long term. &nbsp

The Therapeutic Effect of Human Stem Cell Therapy on the Expanded Disability Status Scale Improvement in Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system inflammatory disease in which the myelin sheaths of neurons are damaged. This impairs the ability of the neurons for signal conduction and communication and causes many neurological signs and symptoms. In this study, we evaluated stem cell therapy for multiple sclerosis. We reviewed the scientific literature focusing on stem cell therapy for multiple sclerosis available from 2003 to 2022. This narrative systematic review was performed to evaluate the effect of human stem cell therapy on expanded disability status scale (EDSS) improvement in multiple sclerosis. No time limits were set for the search and all relevant clinical trials were included. The results showed that the rate of recovery of patients with stem cell therapy depends on the rate of stem cell injection and the frequency, the volume of injected cells, and the rate of disease progression. Overall, the survival rate and quality of life increased following the treatment. The expanded disability status scale changed with stem cell injection, but this change was not significant. Most cases experienced an improvement in bladder control. Death or hospitalization after injection and severe allergies were not observed. Our results showed stem cells could increase the quality of life and survival and reduce the incidence of motor symptoms in MS patients

Comparison of surgical site infection between the primary and delayed primary closure in patients with complicated appendicitis; a Randomized clinical trial

Background and aims: Acute appendicitis is one of the common surgical emergencies. Surgical wounds after complicated (perforated/gangrenous) usually are managed with delayed primary closure (DPC) rather than primary closure (PC); however, choosing of the best closure method is controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the difference in the rate of surgical wound infection between the primary closure and delayed primary closure after complicated appendicitis.Materials and methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on patients who referred to the emergency department of Loghman Hakim hospital with the chief complaint of acute appendicitis from February 2014 to Feb 2018. The inclusion criteria were perforated and gangrenous appendicitis. The patients were divided randomly into to equal group based on the flipping coin. Demographic features, the rate of surgical site infection, hospitalization time in the primary closure and delayed primary closure groups compared with each other.Results: Sixty-nine patients include in the final analysis. Thirty-five patients were in the primary closure group and 34 patients were in the delayed primary closure group. Surgical site infection was observed in 6 patients, including 4 patients in the primary closure group and 2 patients in the delayed primary closure group (P value = 0.66). In addition, the hospitalization period was 3.5 ± 0.42 and 5.30 ± 0.21 in the primary closure and in the delayed primary closure respectively (P value = 0.001).Conclusion: There are no differences between the primary closure and delayed primary closure in the context of surgical site infection. However, the hospitalization time will be longer in the delayed primary closure of the complicated appendicitis wound

Prolonged screen watching behavior is associated with high blood pressure among children and adolescents: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis

Abstract Background Numerous cardio-metabolic risk factors influence screen-related behaviors in children and adolescents. Numerous studies with inconsistent results revealed a relationship between blood pressure and screen time in the children and adolescents. This systematic review and meta-analysis summarized the data regarding the relationship between screen time and hypertension (HTN) in children and adolescents. Methods We examined three electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Embase to find the recent research on the relationship between screen time and HTN up to 19 July 2022. Twenty papers were included in the final two-class and dose–response meta-analysis. We conducted subgrouping to identify the source of heterogeneity. Results The highest category of screen time increased the odds of HTN by 8% [odds ratio (OR): 1.15; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08, 1.23; P < 0.001; I 2 = 83.20%] and 1.9 mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure [weighted mean difference (WMD): 1.89; 95% CI: 0.18–3.62; P = 0.030; I 2 = 83.4]. However, there was no significant difference in diastolic blood pressure. Moreover, screen time in hypertensive children and adolescents was 0.79 h (47.4 min) higher than normotensive subjects (WMD: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.02, 1.56; P = 0.046; I 2 = 92.8). A departure from linearity was observed between increased screen time [digital video discs, personal computers, and video games and HTN (P nonlinearity = 0.049). Conclusion This systematic meta-analysis review is the first to demonstrate a positive correlation between screen time and HTN in children and adolescents

Dietary branched-chain amino acids intake, glycemic markers, metabolic profile, and anthropometric features in a community-based sample of overweight and obese adults

Abstract Background Existing research provides conflicting evidence regarding the relationship between estimated branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) intake and metabolic, glycemic markers, and anthropometric characteristics. This research seeks to examine the association between estimated dietary BCAA consumption and glycemic, and metabolic markers, as well as anthropometric parameters in adults classified as overweight or obese. Methods In this cross-sectional analysis, we gathered data from 465 overweight and obese individuals aged between 18 and 37 years. To evaluate dietary data, we employed the food frequency questionnaire, and the BCAA content in foods was determined via the United States Department of Agriculture website. We utilized ELISA kits to measure fasting blood glucose (FBS) and lipid profile markers, and additionally calculated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and insulin sensitivity markers. We assessed sociodemographic status, physical activity (PA), and anthropometric attributes through a method recognized as both valid and reliable. For statistical analysis, we conducted analyses of covariance (ANCOVA), making adjustments for variables including sex, PA, age, energy, and body mass index (BMI). Results Upon adjusting for confounders, those in the highest tertiles of BCAA intake exhibited an increase in weight, BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and fat-free mass (FFM). Conversely, they demonstrated reduced fat mass (FM) (%) and FM (kg) compared to their counterparts in the lowest tertiles (P < 0.05). Additionally, there was a noted association between greater estimated BCAA intake and reduced LDL levels. Nonetheless, our findings did not reveal a significant relationship between dietary BCAA and glycemic indices. Conclusions From our findings, an increased estimated intake of BCAA seems to correlate with diminished serum LDL concentrations. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of this association, it is imperative that further experimental and longitudinal studies be conducted