On the giant magnon and spike solutions for strings on AdS3×_3\times S3^3

We study solutions for the rotating strings on the sphere with a background NS-NS field and on the Anti-de-Sitter spacetime. We show the existence of magnon and single spike solutions on R$\times$S$^2$ in the presence of constant magnetic field as two limiting cases. We also study the solution for strings on AdS$_3\times$ S$^3$ with Melvin deformation. The dispersion relations among various conserved charges are shown to receive finite corrections due to the deformation parameter. We further study the rotating string on AdS$_3 \times$ S$^3$ geometry with two conserved angular momenta on S$^3$ and one spin along the AdS$_3$. We show that there exists two kinds of solutions: a circular string solution and a helical string. We find out the dispersion relation among various charges and give physical interpretation of these solutions.Comment: 18 pages, 1 figure, typos fixed, minor changes, to appear in JHE

Measurement of antibiotic consumption in surgical ward of a tertiary care hospital

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a global health problem. Improper use of antibiotics leads to development of antibiotic resistance, side effects, superinfections and increase in treatment costs. There are few publications on antibiotic consumption. Serious morbidity and mortality are associated with postoperative wound infections. The use of peri or pre-operative antibiotics has resulted in a reduced risk of postoperative infection when appropriate principles of prophylaxis are applied.Methods: An observational study during a 2-month period was carried out in the department of surgery of Veer Surendra Sai Institute of Medical Science and Research, Burla. We utilized the administrative data for expression of antibiotic consumption using anatomical therapeutic classification (ATC) / defined daily dose (DDDs) methodology. The information included were drug names, strength, pharmaceutical form, quantity dispensed, total number of patients admitted during the study period and average length of stay. Each drug was then given a code according to the ATC classification. The number of DDDs and DDDs/100 bed days was calculated.Results: The most frequent antibiotic used was cephalosporin group with DDDs 62.70 DDDs/100 bed days (44.34%) followed by metronidazole with 23.10 DDDs/100 bed days (16.34%). Among cephalosporin group most common antibiotic used was ceftriaxone with 24.46 DDDs/100 bed days. The mean duration of stay was 7.2 days.Conclusions: The results of this study are similar to previous studies and it showed that there is irrational use of antibiotics as there is no antibiotic policy in our hospital. Drug utilization research should be carried out at frequent intervals to improve rational use of antibiotics

Neumann-Rosochatius system for rotating strings in AdS3×S3×S3×S1AdS_3 \times S^3\times S^3\times S^1 with flux

Strings on $AdS_3 \times S^3\times S^3\times S^1$ with mixed flux exhibit exact integrability. We wish to construct an integrable Neumann-Rosochatius (NR) model of strings starting with the type IIB supergravity action in $AdS_3 \times S^3\times S^3\times S^1$ with pure NSNS flux. We observe that the forms of the Lagrangian and the Uhlenbeck integrals of motion of the considered system are NR-like with some suitable deformations which eventually appear due to the presence of flux. We utilize the integrable framework of the deformed NR model to analyze rigidly rotating spiky strings moving only in $S^3\times S^1$. We further present some mathematical speculations on the rounding-off nature of the spike in the presence of non-zero angular momentum $J$ in $S^1$.Comment: 24 page