Land cover classification in Rajasthali.

<p>Land cover classification in Rajasthali.</p

Comparison of potential risk factors between residents living within high malarial risk clusters and non-cluster areas.

<p>Comparison of potential risk factors between residents living within high malarial risk clusters and non-cluster areas.</p

Spatial distribution of malaria prevalence in Rajasthali.

<p>Spatial distribution of malaria prevalence in Rajasthali.</p

Geographic cluster of malaria prevalence in Rajasthali.

<p>Geographic cluster of malaria prevalence in Rajasthali.</p

Effect of mimics and antagomirs on cell viability assessed by CellTiter-Blue in ARPE-19.

<p>ARPE-19 cells were transfected with mimics (20 nM) and antagomirs (50 nM) in presence or absence of H₂O₂ treatment, and incubated for 24 h before adding the CellTiter-Blue reagents; H₂O₂ (200 µM) was added for the last 18 h. NC (20 nM) and H₂O₂ (200 µM) alone were also used as controls. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Student–Newman–Keuls multiple comparison tests and are expressed as a percentage of the untreated control. The CellTiter-Blue values as labeled by an asterisk are significantly different from the control (<i>p</i><0.05). Values are presented as mean ± SEM; n = 5 per group.</p

Antagomirs of miR-30b protect ARPE-19 cells from miR-30b mimics-mediated inhibition of catalase expression under oxidative condition.

<p>Cells were transfected with NC (20 nM), mimics (20 nM), antagomirs (50 nM), or mimics+antagomirs, and incubated for 24 h before harvesting for total RNA extraction; H₂O₂ (200 uM) was added for the last 18 h. Catalase mRNA levels were expressed relative to <i>Hprt</i> mRNA with the value of the scrambled miRNA-transfected control (NC) set to 1. Values are presented as mean ± SEM; n = 4. *<i>p</i><0.05 vs. control (NC), **<i>p</i><0.001 vs. NC/mimics/mimics+H₂O₂/mimics+antagomirs+H₂O₂, §<i>p</i><0.001 vs. mimics/mimics+H₂O₂, # <i>p</i><0.05 vs. antagomirs, ## <i>p</i><0.001 vs. H₂O₂/NC+ H₂O₂.</p

Effects of miR-30b mimics and antagomirs on catalase protein expression in ARPE-19 cells.

<p>Cells transfected for 24 h with NC, miR-30b mimics, or miR-30b antagomirs, were lysed and subjected to western blotting following the protocol mentioned in ‘<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0042542#s4" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a>’. The PVDF membrane was immunoblotted with anti-catalase and anti-μ-actin antibodies. <i>β</i>-Actin was used as a loading control. Data reported here are representative of the experiment performed in triplicate. The ratio of band intensity is relative to that of <i>β</i>-actin. The band intensity was measured by using ImageJ software (see ‘<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0042542#s4" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a>’). Values are presented as mean ± SEM; n = 3. *<i>p</i><0.05 vs. control, # <i>p</i><0.05 vs. miR-30b mimics.</p

miR-30 targeting human catalase is sensitive to H₂O₂.

<p>Cultured ARPE-19 cells were treated with vehicle or 200 µM H₂O₂ for 18 h before harvesting. The expression levels of miR-30 family members were determined by qRT-PCR using snRNA U5 as an internal control. Values are the means ± SEM of relative changes over controls from four samples in each group after normalization to snRNA U5. H₂O₂ increased the expression levels of miR-30b (<i>p</i> = 0.004) and miR-30d (<i>p</i> = 0.049) miRNAs as compared to the control.</p

Frequencies and odds ratios for potential risk factors for malaria infections (Rapid Diagnostic Test positives) in Rajasthali.

<p>Frequencies and odds ratios for potential risk factors for malaria infections (Rapid Diagnostic Test positives) in Rajasthali.</p

The human catalase 3′-UTR contains one putative miRNA binding site for the members of miR-30 family.

<p>Panel A: Complimentarity between the members of miR-30 family and the putative human catalase 3′-UTR site targeted (318–324 bp downstream from the human catalase stop codon). Panel B: The potential binding sequences for miR-30b within the catalase 3′-UTR of human (<i>H. sapiens</i>), chimpanzee (<i>P. troglodytes</i>), rhesus monkey (<i>M. mulatta</i>), gibbon (<i>N. leucogenys</i>), cow (<i>B. taurus</i>), and giant panda (<i>A. melanoleuca</i>). The 8 bp seed sequences of miR-30 and the putative target site in catalase 3′-UTR in both the panels are highlighted in bold.</p