4,210 research outputs found
Quantum Corrections in Massive Gravity
We compute the one-loop quantum corrections to the potential of ghost-free
massive gravity. We show how the mass of external matter fields contribute to
the running of the cosmological constant, but do not change the ghost-free
structure of the massive gravity potential at one-loop. When considering
gravitons running in the loops, we show how the structure of the potential gets
destabilized at the quantum level, but in a way which would never involve a
ghost with a mass smaller than the Planck scale. This is done by explicitly
computing the one-loop effective action and supplementing it with the
Vainshtein mechanism. We conclude that to one-loop order the special mass
structure of ghost-free massive gravity is technically natural.Comment: v2: References added, 29 pages, 7 figure
Preheating in Dirac-Born-Infeld inflation
We study how the universe reheats following an era of chaotic
Dirac-Born-Infeld inflation, and compare the rate of particle production with
that in models based on canonical kinetic terms. Particle production occurs
through non-perturbative resonances whose structure is modified by the
nonlinearities of the Dirac-Born-Infeld action. We investigate these
modifications and show that the reheating process may be efficient. We estimate
the initial temperature of the subsequent hot, radiation-dominated phase.Comment: 23 page
Unified formulation of a family of iterative solvers for power systems analysis
This paper illustrates the construction of a new class of iterative solvers for power flow calculations based on the method of Alternating Search Directions. This method is fit to the particular algebraic structure of the power flow problem resulting from the combination of a globally linear set of equations and nonlinear local relations imposed by power conversion devices, such as loads and generators. The choice of the search directions is shown to be crucial for improving the overall robustness of the solver. A noteworthy advantage is that constant search directions yield stationary methods that, in contrast with Newton or Quasi-Newton methods, do not require the evaluation of the Jacobian matrix. Such directions can be elected to enforce the convergence to the high voltage operative solution. The method is explained through an intuitive example illustrating how the proposed generalized formulation is able to include other nonlinear solvers that are classically used for power flow analysis, thus offering a unified view on the topic. Numerical experiments are performed on publicly available benchmarks for large distribution and transmission systems.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft
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Ethics and Design in the Brazilian Context
Often driven by practical and immediate requirements, more and more people are incorporating technology into a variety of aspects of their lives, often without reflecting on the consequences of using them. On the other hand, studies on interactive system development that lead to behavioral change have been gaining ground on the agenda of large HCI conferences. This movement brings to the forefront the fundamental issues of ethics in design and technology use. A designer’s intentions, when directing certain actions or behaviors, are not always explicit or desired by the stakeholders affected by the use of the technology. Systems that induce an undesired purchase, or even those that use conditioning strategies to cause a behavioral change are examples of such intentions. The challenge proposed is therefore about the relationship between design and personal freedom in a way that these technology users do not become victims, either passively or submissively, of the effects of its use. This advance allows for the redefinition of the relationship between man and technology, and the application of new forms of designing and developing interactive systems that take into account the ethical aspects of this relationship
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