Intraventricular injection alters apoptotic targets.

<p>A, representative Western blots showing immunoreactivity of indicated proteins normalized to β-actin. B, Western blots quantification of absorbance (charts were plotted with means and SD). Two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni posttest didn’t show significant differences (p = 0.1153, F_(2,41) = 2.28 for p53; p = 0.3063, F_(2,48) = 1.21 for bax; p = 0.4420, F_(2,45) = 0.83 for caspase-8; N = 3 in triplicates) in Aβ injected animals compared to their vehicle control group in H₂O or LiCl-treated groups. P53 and caspase-8 levels differed between H₂O-veh and H₂O_–Aβ and noninjected H₂O_–Ø controls (*p<0.05, **p<0.01). Among noninjected animals, LiCl treatment increased p53 and caspase-8 protein levels compared to their respective H₂O-treated equivalent (a indicates p<0.01 for caspase-8 and p<0.0001 for p53 in Student-t test). C, q-PCR analysis normalized to three constitutive genes (b-actin, rpl13a and ef1a) (charts were plotted with means and SD). Two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni posttest didn’t show significant differences on gene expression (p = 0.5473, F_(2,88) = 0.61 for p53; p = 0.7313, F_(2,48) = 0.31 for bax; p = 0.8822, F_(2,50) = 0.13 for bcl-2; N = 6 in duplicates).</p

Brain Intraventricular Injection of Amyloid-β in Zebrafish Embryo Impairs Cognition and Increases Tau Phosphorylation, Effects Reversed by Lithium - Figure 3

<p>Intraventricular Aβ injection increases tau-p at Ser202 and Thr205 residues and this effect is reversed by lithium treatment. Representative Western blots showing immunoreactivity to phosphorylated tau protein normalized to β-actin and quantification of absorbance (charts were plotted with means and SD). Two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni demonstrated a significant effect of treatment factor (p<0.0001, F_(1,42) = 296.02; N = 3 in triplicates). H₂O_–Aβ injected animals showed increased levels of tau phosphorylation in relation to H₂O-veh (*p<0.001). LiCl treatment decreased tau-p in all groups when compared to their respective H₂O-treated equivalent (a indicates p<0.0001 in Student-t test for all comparisons).</p

Intraventricular Aβ injection significantly impairs avoidance of an aversive stimulus.

<p>5dpf larvae escape behavior from an aversive stimulus (charts were plotted with means and SD escape responses to a non-stimuli area). Two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni demonstrated a significant effect of treatment factor (H₂O and LiCl) (p<0.0001; F_(1,166) = 40.77; N = 10 in triplicates). Aβ injected animals showed diminished escape responses when compared to their vehicle control group in H₂O and LiCl-treated groups (* indicates p<0.05 for both comparisons). LiCl treatment increased escape responses in all groups when compared to their respective H₂O-treated equivalent (a indicates p<0.05 for noninjected Ø groups; p<0.0001 for veh-injected groups and p<0.001 for Aβ-injected groups in Student-t test.</p