Productivity and quality of bagging fruit of hybrid tomatoes

Tomato cultivation is challenging due to the high susceptibility to various pests and diseases. Fruit borer insects make fruits unfeasible for commercialization because this favors colonization by pathogens. The loss due to borers can be avoided by bagging the bunches of fruit, helping the conventional crop to be more sustainable, reduce the use of pesticides, reduce the residue in fruits and improve the quality of life of rural workers, by less exposure to agrochemicals and poisoning problems. The results are products of better quality and with the possibility of better profitability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of tomato bagging in the control of fruit borer insects, and its effects on lycopene content, taste, productivity and profitability. The experiment was conducted in a field in the municipality of Uberaba-MG, from November 2016 to September 2017. The experimental design was a randomized block design, in a 3 x 5 factorial, with four replications. The factors consisted of three tomato hybrids: Dominador (salad), Ravena (Italian) and Carina Star (Santa Cruz), and fruit bagging types, made by TNW (tissue-non-woven), tulle, organza, brown craft and a control, without fruit bagging. The decision of bagging use depends on the pest incidence in the area and the change in the agronomic characteristics of the tomato. The organza and tulle fruits bagging reduce the incidence of borer insects, relative to the control, in the cultivation in spring-summer. The Dominador presents higher brix content among the evaluated hybrids. Carina Star, when bagged with organza, produces fruits with higher levels of lycopene, and is 116% superior to the other cultivars. From the second harvest, organza fabric is the most profitable bagging, since it is the only one that can be reused several times and is therefore more sustainable

Bagging of tomato clusters for the control of fruit borers insects

Tomato cultivation is challenging due to high susceptibility to various pests and diseases. Fruit borer insects make fruits unfeasible for commercialization, besides favoring colonization by pathogens. The losses caused by borers can be avoided by bagging the bunches of fruits. The use of bags can be combined with conventional crop in order to obtain more sustainable and healthy results. Bagging can reduce the use of pesticides and its chemical remainings in fruits. This practice may also improve the quality of life of rural workers, since it can reduce their exposure to agrochemicals and correlated poisoning problems. The general effect of these measures are better quality and certainly more profitable products. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of tomato bagging in the control of fruit borer insects, its effects on lycopene content, taste, productivity and profitability. The experiment was conducted at field in the municipality of Uberaba-MG, from November 2016 to September 2017. The experimental design was a randomized block design, in a 3 x 5 factorial, with four replications. The factors consisted of three tomato hybrids: Dominador (salad), Ravena (Italian) and Carina Star (Santa Cruz), and fruit bagging types, made of NWT (non-woven tissue), tulle, organza, brown craft and a control factor,without fruit bagging. The decision of bagging use depends on the pest incidence in the area and the change in the agronomic characteristics of the tomato. The organza and tulle fruits bagging reduce the incidence of borer insects, relative to the control, in the cultivation in spring-summer. The dominador presents higher brix content among the evaluated hybrids. Carina Star, when bagged with organza, produces the fruits with higher levels of lycopene, being 116% superior to the other cultivars. From the second harvest, organza fabric is the most profitable bagging, since it is the only one that allows to be reused several times, being therefore more sustainable.Dissertação (Mestrado)O cultivo do tomateiro é desafiador devido à suscetibilidade a diversas pragas e doenças. Os insetos broqueadores de frutos inviabilizam os tomates para comercialização, além de favorecerem a colonização por patógenos. As perdas por brocas podem ser evitadas com o ensacamento dos cachos. Esse recurso pode aliar-se ao cultivo convencional, por permitir maior sustentabilidade dos sistemas, com menor uso de defensivos, menor resíduo nos frutos e também melhoria na qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores rurais, pela menor exposição a agroquímicos, que causam problemas de intoxicações. Produtos de melhor qualidade possibilitam maior rentabilidade. O trabalho pretendeu avaliar a eficiência do ensacamento de cachos de tomate, no controle dos insetos broqueadores de frutos e, os seus efeitos no teor de licopeno, no sabor, na produtividade e na rentabilidade. O experimento foi conduzido em campo no Município de Uberaba-MG, no período de novembro de 2016 a setembro de 2017. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 3 x 5, com quatro repetições. Os fatores constituíram de três híbridos de tomate: Dominador (salada), Ravena (italiano) e Carina Star (Santa Cruz) e os invólucros foram confeccionados com TNT (tecido-não-tecido), tule, organza e papel pardo. O uso do ensacamento depende da incidência da praga na área e da alteração nos caracteres agronômicos do tomateiro. O ensacamento dos frutos com organza e tule reduzem a incidência de insetos broqueadores, com relação à testemunha, no cultivo em primavera-verão. O Dominador apresenta maior teor de brix entre os híbridos avaliados. Carina Star, quando ensacado com organza, produz os frutos com maiores teores de licopeno, sendo 116% superior as demais cultivares. A partir da segunda safra, o tecido organza é o ensacamento mais viável economicamente, pois é o único que permite ser reutilizado por várias vezes, sendo, portanto, mais sustentável que os demais