Quantify and Examined of video distribution sites for appreciative links

Videos are an integral part of current information technologies and the snare. The demand for efficient retrieval rises with the increasing number of videos, which is equally true for video annotation techniques as matadata is the primary source of most retrieval systems. - Recently, many video distribution sites provide external links so that their video or audio contents can be embedded into external snare sites. Online social networks (OSNs) have become popular desti- nations for connecting friends and distribution information. Recent statistics suggest that OSN users regularly share con-tents from video sites, and a significant amount of requests of the video sites are indeed from them nowadays. These behaviors have substantially changed the workload of on line video services.In this paper, we provide a comprehensive quantify study and examined source on these external links to answer these two questions. With the traces together from two major video distribution sites, YouTube and Youku of China, we show that the external links have various impacts on the popularity of the video distribution sites.  The social video proposed system provides information that is directed and personalized for the user overriding the content rather than the point of view of the user posting the content. The tradeoff in our case being that users have to sacrifice privacy and have to trust the recommendation system provider with their private data

Contribution Of Information Sharing In Wireless Sensor Network With Prune Delay

: The increase in the number of smart phone users has lead to the increase in the peer-to-peer adhoc content sharing. Traditional data delivery schemes are not suitable for such networks due to intermittent connectivity between smart phones. Thus new content sharing mechanisms should be proposed. To share the contents in such a scenario, researchers have proposed store-carry-forward as an efficient content sharing scheme where a node stores a message and carries it for certain duration until a communication opportunity arises and then delivers it to the destination. Previous works in this field focused on whether two nodes would encounter each other and the place and time of encounter and did not consider the activities of malicious peers. This paper proposes discover-predict-deliver as efficient content sharing scheme that enable peers to share contents and also presents distributed algorithms that enable a peer to reason about trustworthiness of other peers based on past interactions and recommendations. Interactions and recommendations among peers are evaluated based on importance, recentness and peer satisfaction parameters

A spherical perfect lens

It has been recently proved that a slab of negative refractive index material acts as a perfect lens in that it makes accessible the sub-wavelength image information contained in the evanescent modes of a source. Here we elaborate on perfect lens solutions to spherical shells of negative refractive material where magnification of the near-field images becomes possible. The negative refractive materials then need to be spatially dispersive with $\epsilon(r) \sim 1/r$ and $\mu(r)\sim 1/r$. We concentrate on lens-like solutions for the extreme near-field limit. Then the conditions for the TM and TE polarized modes become independent of $\mu$ and $\epsilon$ respectively.Comment: Revtex4, 9 pages, 2 figures (eps

Transforming Weather Index-Based Crop Insurance in India: Protecting Small Farmers from Distress. Status and a Way Forward. Research Report IDC-8

In India, agriculture contributes 14% of the GDP and employs 54% of the workforce (NCAER 2013). It accounts for 8.56% of the country’s exports. Despite agriculture’s steady decline in share in the GDP, it remains the largest economic sector and plays a significant role in the country’s overall socioeconomic development. However, agriculture is fundamentally a risky economic activity, particularly for small and marginal farm households because the climate risks, including aberrant rainfall, and natural calamities and input risks have a significant impact on yields. Low investment potential combined with poor coping ability render farming households vulnerable to debt and poverty traps in the face of adverse weather shocks. It is estimated that about 60% of the variation in yield can be attributed to various weather-related shocks. Since 70% of crop production in India is subject to the vagaries of the monsoon, crop insurance has been in existence through many public sector insurance companies for decades. Different agricultural insurance products have been tried out on a limited, ad-hoc and scattered manner..

Managing soil fertility constraints in market-led shift to high value agriculture for benefiting smallholders in the semi-arid tropics

Low productivity and cultivation of low value crops in the Indian semi-arid tropics (SAT) is the main cause for poor farm-based livelihoods. Poverty leading to low risktaking ability of farmers and production related constraints like widespread multi-nutrient deficiencies are major stumbling blocks for shifting to high value agriculture. Realizing the need to support povertyentrapped smallholders to connect to markets, the government of Karnataka state in India supported market-led shift to high value agriculture through a consortium of technical institutions and convergence of agricultural schemes. New widespread deficiencies of secondary and micronutrients like sulfur (52% farms), zinc (55%) and boron (62%) along with earlier known deficiencies of nitrogen (52%) and phosphorus (41%) were identified as main constraints for realizing productivity potential and a threat for sustainability. Policy supported initiative during 2011/12 showed more economic returns with diversified high value crops and strengthened 0.23 million smallholders. On-farm evaluations of soil test-based nutrient balancing to tomato, okra, brinjal, chilies, onion, cabbage and beans increased productivity by 5 to 58% over the farmers’ practice of adding macronutrients only. Small additional cost (` 770 to 1520 per ha) of balanced nutrition significantly increased additional benefits (` 5300 to 74,000 per ha) with fairly high cost-benefit ratio (1:4 to 1:82). Substantial returns enhanced risk-taking ability of smallholders to manage productivity constraints in future by themselves. Results showed that initial little investments in science and market-led social assistance programs should be a way forward for mainstreaming poverty-entrapped smallholders in other parts of SAT

Central nervous system immune interactome is a function of cancer lineage, tumor microenvironment, and STAT3 expression.

BACKGROUNDImmune cell profiling of primary and metastatic CNS tumors has been focused on the tumor, not the tumor microenvironment (TME), or has been analyzed via biopsies.METHODSEn bloc resections of gliomas (n = 10) and lung metastases (n = 10) were analyzed via tissue segmentation and high-dimension Opal 7-color multiplex imaging. Single-cell RNA analyses were used to infer immune cell functionality.RESULTSWithin gliomas, T cells were localized in the infiltrating edge and perivascular space of tumors, while residing mostly in the stroma of metastatic tumors. CD163+ macrophages were evident throughout the TME of metastatic tumors, whereas in gliomas, CD68+, CD11c+CD68+, and CD11c+CD68+CD163+ cell subtypes were commonly observed. In lung metastases, T cells interacted with CD163+ macrophages as dyads and clusters at the brain-tumor interface and within the tumor itself and as clusters within the necrotic core. In contrast, gliomas typically lacked dyad and cluster interactions, except for T cell CD68+ cell dyads within the tumor. Analysis of transcriptomic data in glioblastomas revealed that innate immune cells expressed both proinflammatory and immunosuppressive gene signatures.CONCLUSIONOur results show that immunosuppressive macrophages are abundant within the TME and that the immune cell interactome between cancer lineages is distinct. Further, these data provide information for evaluating the role of different immune cell populations in brain tumor growth and therapeutic responses.FUNDINGThis study was supported by the NIH (NS120547), a Developmental research project award (P50CA221747), ReMission Alliance, institutional funding from Northwestern University and the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, and gifts from the Mosky family and Perry McKay. Performed in the Flow Cytometry & Cellular Imaging Core Facility at MD Anderson Cancer Center, this study received support in part from the NIH (CA016672) and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Research Specialist award 1 (R50 CA243707). Additional support was provided by CCSG Bioinformatics Shared Resource 5 (P30 CA046592), a gift from Agilent Technologies, a Research Scholar Grant from the American Cancer Society (RSG-16-005-01), a Precision Health Investigator Award from University of Michigan (U-M) Precision Health, the NCI (R37-CA214955), startup institutional research funds from U-M, and a Biomedical Informatics & Data Science Training Grant (T32GM141746)

Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data

Simultaneous Determination of Lamivudine, Zidovudine and Abacavir in Tablet Dosage Forms by RP HPLC Method

A simple, accurate and reproducible RP-HPLC method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of lamivudine, zidovudine and abacavir in tablet dosage forms. Chromatography was carried out on a HiQ Sil C 18 V column using a mobile phase consisting of 0.01 M potassium dihydrogen ortho-phosphate (pH 3.0) and methanol (55:45 v/v) at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. The detection was made at 272 nm and stavudine was used as the internal standard for this study. The retention times for lamivudine, abacavir and zidovudine were found to be 3.8, 6.3, 8.1 min. respectively. The calibration curves were linear over the range 5-250 μg/mL for both zidovudine and abacavir and 5-140 μg/mL for lamivudine. The proposed method was validated as per ICH and USP guidelines and it was found suitable for the routine quality control analysis of the drugs in tablet dosage forms

A Stability Indicating RP-HPLC Method for the Estimation of Gemcitabine HCl in Injectable Dosage forms

A stability indicating RP HPLC method has been developed for the determination of gemcitabine hydrochloride. Chromatography was carried out on an ODS C18 column (250×4.6 mm; 5μ) using a mixture of methanol and phosphate buffer (40: 60 v/v ) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection of the drug was monitored at 270 nm. The retention time of the drug was found to be 2.31 min. The method produced linear responses in the concentration range of 10 to 60 μg/mL of gemcitabine HCl. The method was found to be reproducible for analysis of the drug in injectable dosage forms. The stability of the drug was assessed by forced degradation studies

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Not AvailableIndia is the second largest producer of rice in the world and it is the most important staple food grain. All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Project (AICRIP) was initiated with objective of conducting multi-location trials to identify suitable genotypes of high yield potential along with appropriate crop management practices. Since its inception AICRIP contributed significantly in meeting the growing demand both within and outside India. Significant progress has been achieved through AICRIP in terms of varietal release thereby increasing the crop productivity and also meeting the food and nutritional security. This paper makes a sincere effort in bringing out the significant achievements/milestones achieved under the AICRIP program and also gives a few directions for widening the areas under AICRIPNot Availabl