An Efficient Score level Multimodal Biometric System using ECG and Fingerprint

Biometric system is a security system that uses human’s unique traits to identify and authenticate the user. Biometrics refers to biological traits of a human that are often categorized as physiological traits like fingerprint, iris, face and behavioral characteristics like signature style, voice and typing rhythm. The Biological signals like Electrocardiography (ECG), Electromyography(EMG), and Electroencephalography (EEG) have not been explored to biometric applications as their scope was limited to medical applications only. Recent survey suggests that these biological signals can be explored as a part of the biometric application. The main objective of this paper is to explore the possibility of using the ECG as a part of multimodal biometric. ECG has lower accuracy but fusing it with a traditional biometric like fingerprint yields a higher accuracy rate and it is really difficult to spoof the system. The proposed multimodal biometrics system has an accuracy of 98% with the false acceptance rate of 2% and almost 0% of false rejection rate

SARAS 2: A Spectral Radiometer for probing Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization through detection of the global 21 cm signal

The global 21 cm signal from Cosmic Dawn (CD) and the Epoch of Reionization (EoR), at redshifts $z \sim 6-30$, probes the nature of first sources of radiation as well as physics of the Inter-Galactic Medium (IGM). Given that the signal is predicted to be extremely weak, of wide fractional bandwidth, and lies in a frequency range that is dominated by Galactic and Extragalactic foregrounds as well as Radio Frequency Interference, detection of the signal is a daunting task. Critical to the experiment is the manner in which the sky signal is represented through the instrument. It is of utmost importance to design a system whose spectral bandpass and additive spurious can be well calibrated and any calibration residual does not mimic the signal. SARAS is an ongoing experiment that aims to detect the global 21 cm signal. Here we present the design philosophy of the SARAS 2 system and discuss its performance and limitations based on laboratory and field measurements. Laboratory tests with the antenna replaced with a variety of terminations, including a network model for the antenna impedance, show that the gain calibration and modeling of internal additives leave no residuals with Fourier amplitudes exceeding 2~mK, or residual Gaussians of 25 MHz width with amplitudes exceeding 2~mK. Thus, even accounting for reflection and radiation efficiency losses in the antenna, the SARAS~2 system is capable of detection of complex 21-cm profiles at the level predicted by currently favoured models for thermal baryon evolution.Comment: 44 pages, 17 figures; comments and suggestions are welcom

QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF TARTARIC ACID IN TOLTERODINE TARTRATE BY ION CHROMATOGRAPHY USING CONDUCTIVITY DETECTION

ABSTRACT The present paper deals with the development and validation of analytical method based on a single column high performance Ion chromatography with cation suppressed conductivity detection, developed for quantitation of tartaric acid. The diluent used for the preparation of sample solution was water and injected into a standard chromatographic system connected with 250mm length, 4.0 mm ID and 5.0 μm particle size Metrosep A supp 5 Ion exchange column and suppressed conductivity detector. The developed analytical method was highly precise and accurate compared to titration methods and HPLC-UV detection methods to analyze the counter-ion tartaric acid in Tolterodine tartrate drug substance. Calibration curves were linear with correlation co-efficient of > 0.999 for tartaric acid. The % RSD of area response of tartaric acid in standard injections was below 1.0, which demonstrates the system precision. The % RSD of results in samples is below 1.0, which demonstrates the method precision of the test procedure. The accuracy of the method is also studied and observed between 99% and 101%. The developed method was validated according to ICH guidelines for the quantitative determination of tartaric acid in Tolterodine tartrate taken for the study

Non-specialist health worker interventions for the care of mental, neurological and substance-abuse disorders in low- and middle-income countries.

BACKGROUND: Many people with mental, neurological and substance-use disorders (MNS) do not receive health care. Non-specialist health workers (NSHWs) and other professionals with health roles (OPHRs) are a key strategy for closing the treatment gap. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of NSHWs and OPHRs delivering MNS interventions in primary and community health care in low- and middle-income countries. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (including the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care (EPOC) Group Specialised Register) (searched 21 June 2012); MEDLINE, OvidSP; MEDLINE In Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, OvidSP; EMBASE, OvidSP (searched 15 June 2012); CINAHL, EBSCOhost; PsycINFO, OvidSP (searched 18 and 19 June 2012); World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Library (searched 29 June 2012); LILACS; the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO); OpenGrey; the metaRegister of Controlled Trials (searched 8 and 9 August 2012); Science Citation Index and Social Sciences Citation Index (ISI Web of Knowledge) (searched 2 October 2012) and reference lists, without language or date restrictions. We contacted authors for additional studies. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised and non-randomised controlled trials, controlled before-and-after studies and interrupted-time-series studies of NSHWs/OPHR-delivered interventions in primary/community health care in low- and middle-income countries, and intended to improve outcomes in people with MNS disorders and in their carers. We defined an NSHW as any professional health worker (e.g. doctors, nurses and social workers) or lay health worker without specialised training in MNS disorders. OPHRs included people outside the health sector (only teachers in this review). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Review authors double screened, double data-extracted and assessed risk of bias using standard formats. We grouped studies with similar interventions together. Where feasible, we combined data to obtain an overall estimate of effect. MAIN RESULTS: The 38 included studies were from seven low- and 15 middle-income countries. Twenty-two studies used lay health workers, and most addressed depression or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The review shows that the use of NSHWs, compared with usual healthcare services: 1. may increase the number of adults who recover from depression or anxiety, or both, two to six months after treatment (prevalence of depression: risk ratio (RR) 0.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14 to 0.64; low-quality evidence); 2. may slightly reduce symptoms for mothers with perinatal depression (severity of depressive symptoms: standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.42, 95% CI -0.58 to -0.26; low-quality evidence); 3. may slightly reduce the symptoms of adults with PTSD (severity of PTSD symptoms: SMD -0.36, 95% CI -0.67 to -0.05; low-quality evidence); 4. probably slightly improves the symptoms of people with dementia (severity of behavioural symptoms: SMD -0.26, 95% CI -0.60 to 0.08; moderate-quality evidence); 5. probably improves/slightly improves the mental well-being, burden and distress of carers of people with dementia (carer burden: SMD -0.50, 95% CI -0.84 to -0.15; moderate-quality evidence); 6. may decrease the amount of alcohol consumed by people with alcohol-use disorders (drinks/drinking day in last 7 to 30 days: mean difference -1.68, 95% CI -2.79 to -0.57); low-quality evidence).It is uncertain whether lay health workers or teachers reduce PTSD symptoms among children. There were insufficient data to draw conclusions about the cost-effectiveness of using NSHWs or teachers, or about their impact on people with other MNS conditions. In addition, very few studies measured adverse effects of NSHW-led care - such effects could impact on the appropriateness and quality of care. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Overall, NSHWs and teachers have some promising benefits in improving people's outcomes for general and perinatal depression, PTSD and alcohol-use disorders, and patient- and carer-outcomes for dementia. However, this evidence is mostly low or very low quality, and for some issues no evidence is available. Therefore, we cannot make conclusions about which specific NSHW-led interventions are more effective

Structural, Optical and Magnetic Properties of (In0.90Sn0.05Cu0.05)(2)O-3 Nanoparticles

This study examined structural, optical and magnetic properties of ITO (In0.95Sn0.05)(2)O-3 and Cu doped ITO (In0.90Sn0.05Cu0.05)(2)O-3 nanoparticles synthesized by solid state reaction method. The synthesized nanoparticles were subjected to structural, optical and magnetic studies. The structural properties of the nanoparticles were carried out using XRD, Raman, FT-IR characterization techniques. Optical properties of the samples were studies using UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer. The magnetic measurements were carried out using vibrating sample magnetometer. The ITO (In0.95Sn0.05)(2)O-3 nanoparticles exhibited room temperature ferromagnetism with clear hysteresis loop. The strength of magnetization decreased in Cu doped ITO (In0.95Sn0.05)(2)O-3. The ITO nanoparticles were also exhibited ferromagnetism at 100 K with a magnetic moment of 0.02 emu/g

Optimizing seed quality during germplasm regeneration in pearl millet

The effect of water stress during flowering and grain filling on seed longevity was studied in three pearl millet genotypes,ICTP-8202, ICTP-8203 and MBH-110. The seeds were produced by three pollination methods; open pollination, selfing(individual panicles enclosed in paper bags), and cluster bagging (panicles from 3–4 adjacent plants enclosed in a paper bag), stored in air-tight plastic bottles underambient conditions (20–40 °C,30–80%RH) and germination was tested at 12-month'sintervals. The seeds lost germination completely after six years ofstorage in all treatments. Analysis of variance of the estimates of potential seed longevity (i.e. the seed lot constantK i of the seed viabilityequation) showed significant effects of water stress andpollination method (P < 0.01). The interaction between irrigation treatment and method of pollination control was also significant (P < 0.05). Averaged over genotypes and pollination methods,potential longevity was greatest(K i = 2.8) in theirrigated control, and averaged over genotypes and irrigationtreatments, it was greatest (K i= 3.1) in seeds produced by open pollination. Theimplications of these results were discussed in relation to germplasmseed productio

Structural, Optical, and Magnetic Properties of Co Doped CdTe Alloy Powders Prepared by Solid-State Reaction Method

Co doped CdTe powder samples were prepared by solid-state reaction method. In the present work effect of Co doping on structural, optical, and magnetic properties has been studied. X-ray diffraction studies confirm zinc blend structure for all the samples. The lattice parameter showed linear increase with the increase in Co content. The elemental constituents were characterized by EDAX. Optical studies showed the increase in band gap with increase in Co level. The samples were diluted magnetic semiconductors and exhibited clear hysteresis loop showing room temperature ferromagnetism as confirmed by vibrating sample magnetometer