Determination of Composition Range for “Molecular Trapdoor” Effect in Chabazite Zeolite

Highly selective separation of small molecules, such as CO₂, N₂, and CH₄, is difficult to achieve if all of the molecules can access the internal surface so that the selectivity depends only on differences in interaction of these molecules with the surface. Recently, we reported on a “molecular trapdoor” mechanism (Shang, J.; et al. <i>J. Am. Chem. Soc.</i> <b>2012</b>, <i>134</i>, 19246–19253), which provides a record high selectivity through a guest-induced cation deviation process where the adsorbent exclusively admits “strong” molecules (e.g., CO₂ and CO) but excludes “weak” ones (e.g., N₂ and CH₄). In this study, we have investigated the range of zeolite compositions (varying Si/Al and cation type) for which a trapdoor effect is present and summarize this composition range with a simple “rule of thumb”. Cation density and cation type are the controlling factors in achieving the molecular trapdoor effect on chabazites. Specifically, the “rule” requires every pore aperture connecting the supercages to accommodate one door-keeping cation of an appropriate type. This “rule” will help guide the synthesis of “trapdoor” chabazite adsorbents for the deployment of carbon capture as well as help the development of molecular trapdoor adsorbents/membranes for other small-pore zeolites, such as RHO, LTA, and other porous materials

AI-assisted Single-Image Full-Frame Camera Calibration for Space-Constrained Stereoscopic Systems

Camera calibration plays a fundamental role in the wake of the newly emerging image data-driven technologies, where pinpoint accuracy in data is vital to the successful functioning of these systems. Conventional camera calibration algorithms require manual object placement, a process that can be exceptionally time-consuming and labor-intensive, particularly in scenarios where space constraints or delicate equipment are involved. We present an innovative calibration object and AI-aided pre-calibration routine with a specific emphasis on space-restricted environments. The proposed methodology obviates the need for manual multi-image acquisition. This is achieved by fabricating the novel calibration object, which contains 20 checkerboards in different positions and orientations. The precursor routine, assisted by an AI model, isolates and processes the individual checkerboards, which is then used as input for the camera calibration. We report an accuracy of 99.92% for ML-assisted checkerboard separation, with procedure time improved by nearly 64x and overall corrected reprojection error consistently below 0.5 pixels. Incorporating the proposed calibration routine into a 3D vascular imaging stereovision system, we demonstrate a depth resolution of 0.5mm

ATP-Decorated Mesoporous Silica for Biomineralization of Calcium Carbonate and P2 Purinergic Receptor-Mediated Antitumor Activity against Aggressive Lymphoma

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an important transmitter that mediates various biological effects via purinergic receptors (P2 receptors) in cancer. We investigated the antitumor activity of ATP-decorated and doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded mesoporous silica with biomineralization of calcium carbonate against a highly aggressive and metastatic murine lymphoma called Dalton’s lymphoma (DL). Our results suggest that this nanocomposite has unique effects with respect to the morphology and properties of calcium carbonate on the surface of the nanoparticle. DOX in the nanoparticles was prevented from quick release via the interactions of the phosphate group present on ATP and calcium carbonate. This construct is significantly tumoricidal against parental and DOX-resistant DL cells and is thus a promising candidate for applications in drug delivery. The composite nanomaterial has excellent biocompatibility with higher uptake and acts via the participation of the purinergic receptor P2X7. The nanocomposite induces significantly higher apoptosis in tumor cells compared with DOX alone. Treatment of DL-bearing mice with the construct significantly reduces tumor burden, in addition to augmenting the lifespan of tumor-bearing mice as demonstrated by a sustained healthy life of the animals and improved histopathological parameters

UPGMA tree based on dissimilarity index of 35 SSR markers for 278 lentil genotypes.

<p>UPGMA tree based on dissimilarity index of 35 SSR markers for 278 lentil genotypes.</p

Evanno plot describing estimation of cultigens and wild genotypes ofgenus <i>Lens</i> using LnP(D) derived Δ k for k from 1 to 10.

<p>Evanno plot describing estimation of cultigens and wild genotypes ofgenus <i>Lens</i> using LnP(D) derived Δ k for k from 1 to 10.</p

UPGMA tree based on dissimilarity index of 35 SSR markers for 75 wild genotypes.

<p>UPGMA tree based on dissimilarity index of 35 SSR markers for 75 wild genotypes.</p

Seed yield of lentil genotypes grown under rain-fed condition at Agra and Delhi during 2013–14 and 2014–15.

<p>Data shown are mean ± SEm. Vertical bars that do not share common small letters are significantly different within year/location while different capital letters indicates significant differences across locations/years by Duncan’s post hoc test at P≤0.05.</p

Seed yield of lentil genotypes grown under control, moderate and severe drought conditions.

<p>Data shown are mean ± SEm. Vertical bars that do not share common letters are significantly different by Duncan’s post hoc test at P≤0.05.</p

Major allele frequency for microsatellite loci (SSR) in wild and cultivated genotypes.

<p>Major allele frequency for microsatellite loci (SSR) in wild and cultivated genotypes.</p

Model based population structure plot with K = 2, using structure with 35 SSR markers.

<p>Colour codes: Population I red (Wild accessions) and population II green (Cultivars).</p