Primary pelvic hydatid cyst in a postmenopausal female: a surgical challenge

Primary pelvic hydatid cysts are a rare entity and are often overlooked as a differential diagnosis of a pelvic-space-occupying lesion particularly in non-endemic regions. Unpreparedness and a hasty decision on the surgical approach may end in life-threatening complications and systemic dissemination of the disease. We report the case of a 55-year-old postmenopausal woman with a history of two previous unsuccessful surgeries to remove pelvic cystic lesions due to dense adhesions between the surrounding gut wall, bladder, and the cyst wall. Clinical and imaging findings failed to diagnose the nature of the cysts, and a laparotomy was contemplated. On the third surgical attempt, the clinical suspicion was considered and by meticulous dissection the cysts were removed thoroughly without undue complications. In the postoperative follow-up period there was no sign of disease recurrence or disseminatio

Primary pelvic hydatid cyst in a postmenopausal female: a surgical challenge

Primary pelvic hydatid cysts are a rare entity and are often overlooked as a differential diagnosis of a pelvic-space-occupying lesion particularly in non-endemic regions. Unpreparedness and a hasty decision on the surgical approach may end in life-threatening complications and systemic dissemination of the disease. We report the case of a 55-year-old postmenopausal woman with a history of two previous unsuccessful surgeries to remove pelvic cystic lesions due to dense adhesions between the surrounding gut wall, bladder, and the cyst wall. Clinical and imaging findings failed to diagnose the nature of the cysts, and a laparotomy was contemplated. On the third surgical attempt, the clinical suspicion was considered and by meticulous dissection the cysts were removed thoroughly without undue complications. In the postoperative follow-up period there was no sign of disease recurrence or disseminatio

A genome-wide SNP scan accelerates trait-regulatory genomic loci identification in chickpea

We identified 44844 high-quality SNPs by sequencing 92 diverse chickpea accessions belonging to a seed and pod trait-specific association panel using reference genome- and de novo-based GBS (genotyping-by-sequencing) assays. A GWAS (genome-wide association study) in an association panel of 211, including the 92 sequenced accessions, identified 22 major genomic loci showing significant association (explaining 23–47% phenotypic variation) with pod and seed number/plant and 100-seed weight. Eighteen trait-regulatory major genomic loci underlying 13 robust QTLs were validated and mapped on an intra-specific genetic linkage map by QTL mapping. A combinatorial approach of GWAS, QTL mapping and gene haplotype-specific LD mapping and transcript profiling uncovered one superior haplotype and favourable natural allelic variants in the upstream regulatory region of a CesA-type cellulose synthase (Ca_Kabuli_CesA3) gene regulating high pod and seed number/plant (explaining 47% phenotypic variation) in chickpea. The up-regulation of this superior gene haplotype correlated with increased transcript expression of Ca_Kabuli_CesA3 gene in the pollen and pod of high pod/seed number accession, resulting in higher cellulose accumulation for normal pollen and pollen tube growth. A rapid combinatorial genome-wide SNP genotyping-based approach has potential to dissect complex quantitative agronomic traits and delineate trait-regulatory genomic loci (candidate genes) for genetic enhancement in crop plants, including chickpea

Employing genome-wide SNP discovery and genotyping strategy to extrapolate the natural allelic diversity and domestication patterns in chickpea

The genome-wide discovery and high-throughput genotyping of SNPs in chickpea natural germplasm lines is indispensable to extrapolate their natural allelic diversity, domestication, and linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns leading to the genetic enhancement of this vital legume crop. We discovered 44,844 high-quality SNPs by sequencing of 93 diverse cultivated desi, kabuli, and wild chickpea accessions using reference genome- and de novo-based GBS (genotyping-by-sequencing) assays that were physically mapped across eight chromosomes of desi and kabuli. Of these, 22,542 SNPs were structurally annotated in different coding and non-coding sequence components of genes. Genes with 3296 non-synonymous and 269 regulatory SNPs could functionally differentiate accessions based on their contrasting agronomic traits. A high experimental validation success rate (92%) and reproducibility (100%) along with strong sensitivity (93–96%) and specificity (99%) of GBS-based SNPs was observed. This infers the robustness of GBS as a high-throughput assay for rapid large-scale mining and genotyping of genome-wide SNPs in chickpea with sub-optimal use of resources. With 23,798 genome-wide SNPs, a relatively high intra-specific polymorphic potential (49.5%) and broader molecular diversity (13–89%)/functional allelic diversity (18–77%) was apparent among 93 chickpea accessions, suggesting their tremendous applicability in rapid selection of desirable diverse accessions/inter-specific hybrids in chickpea crossbred varietal improvement program. The genome-wide SNPs revealed complex admixed domestication pattern, extensive LD estimates (0.54–0.68) and extended LD decay (400–500 kb) in a structured population inclusive of 93 accessions. These findings reflect the utility of our identified SNPs for subsequent genome-wide association study (GWAS) and selective sweep-based domestication trait dissection analysis to identify potential genomic loci (gene-associated targets) specifically regulating important complex quantitative agronomic traits in chickpea. The numerous informative genome-wide SNPs, natural allelic diversity-led domestication pattern, and LD-based information generated in our study have got multidimensional applicability with respect to chickpea genomics-assisted breeding

USAGE AND MAGNETIZATION OF CLOUD COMPUTING IN HIGHER STUDIES – RAJASTHAN

The Young India is a doorstep of another revolution of Cloud Computing Technology and the whole world adores the true colors of Indian Information revolution in the Global Recession. The India biggest and heavily densely populated country (1.6 Million according 20011 census surveys) India comprises of new age aspirants roughly 50% to 60% and out of these only 30% are Cloud Computing savvy. The uphill task lies ahead for the motherland is to train the new breads so that they can get their livelihoods and well connect them to the outer world. The inspiration of late Rajiv Gandhi’s and Prof Yashpal dream is propagating into the reality but still more work is mingled up. The submergence of the Cloud Computing revolution is taking its all time cost and bring a lot more changes which was never expected or though off in our India. Cloud computing the ladder for success for the uncultivated breeds in our nation. The nation is marching ahead with the Sculpture of ubiquitous Cloud Computing in this liberalization, privatization and globalization era

FUTURE RETRENCHMENT IN ORGANIZATION LEADERSHIP IN MILLENNIUM CORPORATE

The thing of the past was endured with a lure to enhance the creativity of the sustainable thoughts of reciprocation of the knowledge and capability of the performance. Information era revalidated the culture of the accuracy and signifies the outsourcing of the good management cult of the survival. Indian management echoed the nurture of the longevity and survival of the organization with the deep-rooted values of the best practices of the human endearment with the tilt of the paradigm of ethics. The globalization has mollified the nullification of the Indian management and the whole world is looking after trying to take the best part of the magnificent Indian management that beautifies the somnolent blend of the unscriptural trust of best available creation of the human temptations in this globalizes information era

Giant hydronephrosis mimicking as gross ascites in a 6-year-old boy

Giant hydronephrotic kidney is a rare form of obstructive uropathy in children and adolescents. The congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction is the most frequent cause. The CT scan is very important for the diagnosis. We report a 6-year-old boy with progressively increasing abdominal distension since birth. There were no associated urinary or gastrointestinal symptoms. He had bilateral hydronephosis with giant hydronephrosis over right side. The cystic mass occupied the right retroperitoneal space and crossed the midline

A review of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate associated nephrotoxicity among People Living with HIV: Burden, risk factors and solutions

Background: Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) is one of the first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) recommended for all treatment naïve People Living with HIV (PLHIV). However, evidence indicates increasing TDF-associated nephrotoxicity among PLHIV due to longer duration of treatment and longevity that raises clinical and programmatic concerns. This review aims to understand the extent of TDF-induced nephrotoxicity and associated factors. Methods: The article is based on a comprehensive scoping review of journal articles, reports and guidelines related to the use of TDF-based ART regimens in electronic databases such as the National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus and other relevant search engines. Results: The review provides evidence on the burden of nephrotoxicity due to TDF among PLHIV and its variations across geographic regions and population groups. The review highlights the key factors associated with TDF-induced nephrotoxicity which include age, gender, nutrition status (BMI), duration of treatment with TDF, baseline creatinine, baseline CD4 count, WHO HIV stage of disease and presence of comorbid conditions. The review also emphasizes the importance of baseline and regular renal monitoring and early detection of TDF-induced nephrotoxicity to avoid irreversible tubulointerstitial damage through simple laboratory investigations such as glomerular filtration rate (GFR), blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and creatinine clearance. Conclusion: The burden of TDF-associated nephrotoxicity is well documented. It is critical to consider the risk factors associated with nephrotoxicity while initiating TDF. The review provides evidence for calibrating the dosage of TDF based on body weight and BMI. Considering the high burden of PLHIV in India, prevention of nephrotoxicity through targeted and regular monitoring, early diagnosis and initiation of appropriate clinical management is crucial to reduce avoidable morbidity and mortality

Telomerase activity is a biomarker for high grade malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors in neurofibromatosis type I individuals

Telomerase activity (TA) and the expression of its enzymatic subunits, which have been demonstrated in many tumors, remain poorly investigated in tumors associated with neurofibromatosis type I (NFI). In this study, we analysed the association of TA and the expression of telomerase RNA (TR) and telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) in 23 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) (17 high grade and 6 low grade tumors), 11 plexiform neurofibromas (PNF) and 6 dermal neurofibromas (DNF). TA was studied using telomerase repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay and expression of TR and TERT was investigated using reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and real-time PCR. TA was detected in 14 out of 17 (82%) high grade MPNST, whereas all 6 low grade MPNST and 17 benign tumors were telomerase negative. The TERT transcripts were detected in all high grade MPNST, 50% of the low grade MPNST, and 4 benign tumors. However, the expression level of the TERT strikingly correlated with TA and high grade MPNST. Thus, while TERT expression was similar in both low grade MPNST and PNF (P = 0.115), it was significantly higher in high grade MPNST when compared to either low grade MPNST (P = 0.042), PNF (P = 0.001) or DNF tumors (P = 0.010). These findings indicate that TA and expression level of TERT are potential markers for high grade malignancy in NFI patients. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc