An Empirical Evaluation Of Predictive Models Of Programmer Navigation

The process of software development consists of many activities, such as writing code, debugging, and navigating through code. Navigating through the code to understand or seek information for developing new code is a very time consuming and tedious task. Many tools are developed based on predictive models to help programmers in navigation. These models predict the fragments of code which might be of developer’s interest. There have been studies for comparing these models to determine their predictive accuracy. However, the models are often based on crude approximations of where a developer’s attention is. For example, prior work has both where the developer’s cursor location as well as what is on the center of the screen to approximate where he/she is looking. To address this concern, we conducted an empirical evaluation of these approximations to see how well they agree with a human evaluator’s perception of where the developer’s attention is. We conducted a replication study on 10 participants and manually coded their navigation pattern. The goals of the study was to evaluate the generalizability of prior work as well as to evaluate the prior operationalizations of navigation. The key findings of this study are: (a) The operationalization based on where the programmer clicks agreed most closely with human evaluator’s assessment and, (b) prior navigation results did not generalize well likely due to small sample size and particulars of the task content

Effect of Various Sowing Dates on the Management of Wilt of Guar (\u3cem\u3eCyamopsis tetragonaloba\u3c/em\u3e L.)

Cluster bean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.], commonly known as guar, is a member of Leguminosae (Fabaceae) family. It is a short duration, drought resistant, low investment and high return cash crop. In Punjab, it is one of the important legume crop grown on about 9514 ha with production of 0.24 million ton (Anonymous, 2013). It can be grown in mixture with bajra and jowar but pure crop of guar supplies highest tonnage of palatable nutritious green fodder for longer duration without much deterioration in quality with the age of the crop. It is rich in nutrients with crude protein content and total digestible nutrients on dry matter basis of 18.1 and 60.0 per cent respectively. Besides fodder, it can also be grown for grain, green manure, cover crop and for vegetable purposes. Although, cluster bean being a hardy crop is very sensitive to the biotic and abiotic stresses. The crop has succumbed to number of diseases caused by fungi, bacteria and viruses. Of the all diseases, wilt of guar (Fusarium caeruleum) is a very serious disease. It causes heavy losses in summer sown crop and damage is visible on young plants. Attacks of the Fusarium wilt pathogen can destroy the crop completely. Modification of the soil environment by altering sowing dates and introduction of resistant genotypes can be effective control for Fusarium solani EGY 1causing wilt in guar

Getting Bulk Data Through Google: An empirical study

To store the information in a database is one of the major tasks. The efficient storage of data is important for future use. Information retrieval is a method of gathering information related to input queries from the various sources or stored databases. To retrieve the information, a search engine plays an important role. A web search engine creates an index to match queries. The quality of information is improved with the help of search engine. For retrieving the information, a search engine comprises some modules such as query processor, a searching and matching function, document processor and page rank capability. This paper focuses on the retrieval of web documents against input queries and stores them in to database. A Google search API can be used to fetch the results. It analyses the data by processing through these modules and downloads the content available in different formats

Adaptive Display Intensity Control Using Digital Signal Processor

One of the major cause of eye strain and other problems caused while watching video displays is the relative illumination between screen and its surrounding. This can be overcome by adjusting the brightness of screen with respect to surrounding light. The display systems with the human eye features like automatic intensity control under varying background luminance conditions add more challenge to design of display systems. The Adaptive Intensity Control can be achieved by varying the display intensity according to the background intensity level taking into account the comfort level of the user. In this paper, various parameters important for automatic intensity control design have been discussed and a new methodology based on look up table generated using experimental values has been devised by which the display intensity can be adaptively varied maintaining an adequate contrast ratio in real time mode. In this paper, Signal Processor based adaptive display intensity control of display intensity has been proposed

Preventing and Detecting Technique of Black Hole Attack in MANET AOMDV

There are basically two types of black hole attack i.e. internal black hole and External black hole attack. Black hole is a malicious node that wrongly replies for some route requests without having active route to particular destination and drop all the getting packets. If these malicious nodes work jointly as a collection then the damage will be very risky. This type of attack is called cooperative black hole attack. Black hole attack is a type of active attack. Black hole attack can arise when the malicious node on the path attack the data transfer and purposely drop, delay or change the data transfer passing through it. Black hole node treats itself as a trusted node. Some attack drops the packets in the network and some are modify the packets. Study define the black hole node send false routing information, claim that it has a best route and cause additional good nodes to route data packets through the black hole node

Malnutrition Analysis Based on Food Consumption and Other Factors in Under- Graduate Students of Chandigarh University

Students' time at the university tends to be defined by a significant change in their dietary habits and lifestyle which exposes them to a number of risk factors associated with malnutrition, predisposition of various metabolic disorders, which are linked to nutrition. The aim of the study was to appraise the factors responsible for malnutrition in under-graduate students at Chandigarh University. Four hundred students of both the gender, aged between 18- 26 years old were screened for the study. Anthropometric parameters (including Height, weight and BMI) were taken into consideration for the assessment, besides each participant completed a dietary pattern and lifestyle questionnaire. The mean Height and weight of participants were 165.46 ± 11.28 and 64.77 ± 13.93 respectively, and BMI was 23.61 ± 4.16 kg/m2. All the age categories were impacted, around 5% were underweight, 24.25% were overweight and 5.5% were obese. . Inadequate consumption of whole grains, protein rich food, green leafy vegetables and fruits was observed amidst the population of students pertinent to the eating patterns. The majority of the eaten carbohydrates came from cereal. In addition, 21% of them followed a diet lacking variety, and 2% of them experienced severe food insecurity. 6% of them had low nutritional intake. Except for carbs, which exceeded the suggested reference values and made up 62.69–13.84% of the students per diem energy uptake, the students' consumption of macronutrients was within the recommended reference ranges. Additionally, only 32.2% of respondents reported getting enough energy. A high incidence of overweight was linked to a diet that lacked variety. Both types of malnutrition are common among Chandigarh University students, and educating this young population about nutrition will be crucial to preventing consequences from malnutrition in later life

FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PERIODONTAL FILMS CONTAINING AZITHROMYCIN AND SERRATIOPEPTIDASE

Objective: The objective of the present work was to formulate and evaluate periodontal film, which could be capable of delivering therapeutic concentration of azithromycin and serratiopeptidase for a prolonged period of time and could be easily placed into the periodontal pocket. Methods: The films were prepared by solvent casting method using combinations of ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K4M, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 50 cps, eudragit L-100, and Chitosan in different ratios using dibutyl phthalate as plasticizer. The periodontal films were evaluated for weight variation, thickness, percentage moisture absorption, percentage moisture loss, folding endurance, percentage swelling index, percentage elongation, and in vitro percentage cumulative drug-enzyme release profile. Results: Formulation F12 was found to be a good periodontal film. Hence, it was considered as an optimized formulation. In vitro drug-enzyme release rate studies using keshary-chien diffusion cell showed maximum drug release in F12 formulation (95.92% for azithromycin and 94.20% for serratiopeptidase at the end of 24 h) compared to other formulations. Conclusion: The optimized formulation F12 showed the best drug-enzyme release profile among the others for the preparation of periodontal film. There is a scope for the further study and development of the azithromycin and serratiopeptidase periodontal films