EFFECT OF SITAGLIPTIN ON GLYCEMIC CONTROL AND BEYOND - IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the pleiotropic effects of Sitagliptin as add-on therapy to the conventional antidiabetic drugs.Methods: This was designed as a prospective study. 140 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) whose glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was >7% despite receiving education on diet and exercise and/or medications were enrolled in this study. Sitagliptin (100 mg) was administered once a day orally for 6 months as an add-on therapy with the conventional antidiabetic drugs. The outcome of the therapy was assessed on the level of improvement in the fasting plasma glucose, postprandial plasma glucose, HbA1c levels, lipid profile, body mass index, blood pressure, and albuminuria in the third and 6th month when compared to the first visit.Results: After 6 months of treatment with Sitagliptin, fasting blood glucose levels significantly reduced (202.6±49.21 to 186.1±50.14, p=0.029) as well as HbA1c (9.5±1.27 to 9.1±1.28, p=0.016). There was a statistically significant (p<0.001) reduction of blood pressure, cholesterol, and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio progressively.Conclusion: Sitagliptin has a significant effect on lipid profile, blood pressure and albuminuria in addition to its effect on blood glucose profile and HbA1c without many side effects, in patients with T2DM

Rotationally resolved spectra of jet-cooled VMo

Journal ArticleThe Author's report the first gas-phase spectroscopic investigation of diatomic vanadium molybdenum (VMo). The molecules were produced by laser ablation of a VMo alloy disk and cooled in a helium supersonic expansion. The jet-cooled VMo molecules were studied using resonant two-photon ionization spectroscopy. The ground state has been demonstrated to be of 2?5/2 symmetry, deriving from the d?2drr4d?3s?2 electronic configuration. Rotational analysis has established the ground state bond length and rotational constant as r0"=1.876 57(23) ? and B0"=0.142 861(35) cm?1, respectively, for 51V98Mo (1? error limits). Transitions to states with ?' =2.5, ?'=3.5, and ?'=1.5 have been recorded and rotationally analyzed. A band system originating at 15 091 cm?1 has been found to exhibit a vibrational progression with ?e' =752.7 cm?1, ?'exe'=12.8 cm?1, and r0'=1.90 ? for 51V98Mo. The measured bond lengths (r0) of V2, VNb, Nb2, Cr2, CrMo, Mo2, VCr, NbCr, and VMo have been used to derive multiple bonding radii for these elements of r(V)=0.8919 ?, r(Nb)=1.0424 ?, r(Cr)=0.8440 ?, and r(Mo)=0.9725 ?. These values reproduce the bond lengths of all nine diatomics to an accuracy of ?0.012 ? or better

Rotationally resolved spectroscopy of jet-cooled NbMo

Journal ArticleRotationally resolved resonant two-photon ionization spectra of jet-cooled NbMo are reported for the first time. A vibronic spectrum of NbMo was recorded in the 17 300?22 300 cm?1 spectral region. Although the observed bands could not be grouped into electronic band systems, four excited vibronic levels with ?=2.5 and two excited levels with ?=3.5 were identified. The ground state of NbMo has been assigned as 2?5/2, deriving from a 1?21rr41?32?2 configuration of the valence electrons. Rotational analysis of six bands provides a ground state rotational constant of B0"=0.087 697(26) cm?1, corresponding to a bond length of r0"=2.008 09(30) ? for 93Nb98Mo. Correction for the effects of the spin-uncoupling operator changes the estimated bond length only slightly to r0"=2.008 02(30) ?. The experimentally determined value of r0" is compared to that predicted using previously determined multiple bonding radii of Nb and Mo. A comparison to the known diatomic molecules composed of group V and VI metal atoms is also made

Effect of prostatic inflammation on the outcome of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia treated by transurethral resection of the prostate

INTRODUCTION: The co-existence of inflammation and BPH in the prostate is well-known, although the significance of histologically proven prostatic inflammation and its relationship with BPH is not well-understood. While prostatic inflammation may play a role as an inciting even in the development of BPH nodules, its role as the next link in the chain of events after treatment has not been elucidated. Asymptomatic prostatitis (Category IV of the NIH Classification of Prostatitis) is a well-recognised entity noted in TURP biopsy specimens. Pathological consensus dictates that chronic inflammation must typically involve the prostate in a peri-glandular distribution, to be considered prostatitis. Diffuse stromal infiltrates or focal lymphoid aggregates in the stroma may be seen ubiquitously, and are considered to be of no clinical significance. Few studies exist on the influence of this chronic prostatitis seen after TURP on patient outcomes after the procedure. Bucuras et al compared two groups with and without chronic prostatitis in the TURP biopsy specimens and found no significant difference in intra-operative and post-operative complications between them. A study by Doluoglu, however found prostatic inflammation to be a significant factor for the development of urethral stricture and bladder neck contractures after TURP. Our study was conducted to look into this controversial issue and see if an association truly exists. AIM: To evaluate the role of asymptomatic prostatitis found in biopsy specimens on the outcome of patients undergoing a TURP for BPH. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All patients who had undergone a TURP between 2005 and 2010 in our institute for BPH and who had a minimum of 3 months follow-up were included. The study population was divided into two cohorts: those with, and those without prostatic inflammation. The outcomes between these two groups were compared with respect to predefined parameters, including demographic data, indication for TURP, positive preoperative urine cultures, presence of a urinary catheter, duration of follow-up, weight of gland resected, monopolar / bipolar resection, need for blood transfusion, emergency re-explorations, TUR syndrome, clot retention, recatheterisation; Long term complications like meatal stenosis, urethral stricture, bladder neck contracture, and recurrent adenoma were also noted. The modified Clavien system for TURP was used for reporting complications. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between both the groups both with respect to long-term and short term complications. CONCLUSIONS: Prostatic inflammation may be a co-incidental finding in the biopsy of patients undergoing a TURP. The association between both short term and term complications and the presence of prostatitis could not be demonstrated in our study. Larger prospective trials may be needed to further validate these findings

Composite System based Multi-Area Reliability Evaluation

Currently, major power systems almost invariably operate under interconnected conditions to transfer power in a stable and reliable manner. Multi-area reliability evaluation has thus become an invaluable tool in the planning and operation of such systems. Multi - area reliability evaluation is typically done by considering equivalent tie lines between different areas in an integrated power system. It gives approximate results for the reliability indices of a power system as it models each of the areas as a single node to which are connected the entire area generation and loads. The intratransmission lines are only indirectly modeled during the calculation of equivalent tie lines' capacities. This method is very widely used in the power industry, but the influence of the various approximations and assumptions, which are incorporated in this method, on reliability calculations has not been explored. The objective of the research work presented in this thesis is the development of a new method called Composite system based multi - area reliability model, which does multi - area reliability evaluation considering the whole composite system. It models the transmission system in detail and also takes into account the loss sharing policy within an area and no - load loss sharing policy among the areas. The proposed method is applied to standard IEEE 24 bus Reliability Test System (RTS) and the traditional equivalent tie-line method is applied to the multi-area configuration of the same test system. The results obtained by both the methods are analyzed and compared. It is found that the traditional model, although having some advantages, may not give accurate results

Optical-Optical Double Resonance, Laser Induced Fluorescence, and Revision of the Signs of the Spin-Spin Constants of the Boron Carbide (BC) Free Radical

The cold boroncarbide free radical (BC X  4Σ−) has been produced in a pulsed discharge free jet expansion using a precursor mixture of trimethylborane in high pressure argon. High resolution laser induced fluorescencespectra have been obtained for the B  4Σ−–X  4Σ− and E  4Π–X  4Σ− band systems of both 11BC and 10BC. An optical-optical double resonance (OODR) scheme was implemented to study the finer details of both band systems. This involved pumping a single rotational level of the B state with one laser and then recording the various allowed transitions from the intermediate B state to the final E state with a second laser by monitoring the subsequent E–X ultraviolet fluorescence. In this fashion, we were able to prove unambiguously that, contrary to previous studies, the spin-spin constant λ is negative in the ground state and positive in the B  4Σ−excited state. It has been shown that λ″ \u3c 0 is in fact expected based on a semiempirical second order perturbation theory calculation of the magnitude of the spin-spin constant. The OODR spectra have also been used to validate our assignments of the complex and badly overlapped E 4Π–X  4Σ− 0-0 and 1-0 bands of 11BC. The E–X 0-0 band of 10BC was found to be severely perturbed. The ground state main electron configuration is …3σ24σ25σ11π22π0 and the derived bond lengths show that there is a 0.03 Å contraction in the B state, due to the promotion of an electron from the 4σ antibonding orbital to the 5σ bonding orbital. In contrast, the bond length elongates by 0.15 Å in the E state, a result of promoting an electron from the 5σ bonding orbital to the 2π antibonding orbitals

Neocherish -An Intelligent Care Unit For Neonatal Icterus

ABSTRACT -NeoCherish -Noninvasive monitoring and treatment for neonatal icterus. Neonatal icterus, a problem in 60% of full term babies and 85% of pre-term babies. NeoCherish provides an effective solution for neonatal icterus. It is an intelligent system which is fully automatic noninvasive measurement of bilirubin in blood serum and treats with the higher wavelength LED (Light Emitting Diode) for cure. In existing method after arising the symptoms in the neonatal due to the cause of hyperbilirubinemia, blood sample is taken for testing bilirubin value in blood serum. For treatment, phototherapy method is handled. In proposed system, newborns are placed in NeoCherish intelligent care system, it checks for the bilirubin value in blood serum noninvasively using LED wavelength about 400nm. If the obtained value exceeds the predefined value, results in three different states as normal, mild and critical jaundice. Based on this states treatment process will be turned at slightly higher wavelength of LED ranges from 410nm to 490nm, which posses the photo transformation process to reduce the level of bilirubin in blood serum. Monitoring system keeps on monitors and displays the bilirubin value. Data are transmitted for doctors monitor using zigbee module. Configure the device could be done by the doctor from the remote location. Database is also maintained for future analysis

Robust local and non-local transport in the Topological Kondo Insulator SmB6_{6} in the presence of high magnetic field

SmB$_6$ has been predicted to be a Kondo Topological Insulator with topologically protected conducting surface states. We have studied quantitatively the electrical transport through surface states in high quality single crystals of SmB$_6$. We observe a large non-local surface signal at temperatures lower than the bulk Kondo gap scale. Measurements and finite element simulations allow us to distinguish unambiguously between the contributions from different transport channels. In contrast to general expectations, the electrical transport properties of the surface channels was found to be insensitive to high magnetic fields. Local and non-local magnetoresistance measurements allowed us to identify definite signatures of helical spin states and strong inter-band scattering at the surface.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figures, 1 tabl

Indian herbal formulation Kaba Sura Kudineer possesses the most powerful ligands to block ACE2-RBD interaction of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Medicinal herbs play an important role in the primary health care system of developing countries and always uphold the importance of ethnomedicinal studies in the drug discovery process. Indian Siddha practitioners urged people to consume a polyherbal formulation named ‘Kaba Sura kudineer (KSK)’ as a prophylactic measure against COVID-19. To validate the presence of anti-COVID 19 agents if any in KSK, virtual screening of 80 phytochemicals was done by blind docking, fixing the RBD-ACE2 complex as the target using PyRx software. The binding energy of the compounds was calculated using Autodock Vina. The SWISSADME server was used to identify the phytochemicals that obey the Lipinski rule and the blood-brain barrier permeability of the compounds. The outcome of the study revealed that phytochemicals such as diosgenin, diosgenone, coumaperine, bisdemethoxycurcumin, tinocordifolin, isovanillinand 1,8-Cineole displayed hydrogen bond interactions with the complex residues in the interacting site (−8.9 to −5.1 kcal/mol) and were found to obey the Lipinski rule as well as possess blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Based on the highest docking score and the more number of interacting residues at the active site herein we suggest diosgenin and bisdemethoxycurcumin as potential inhibitors of SARS-Co-V-2

Contact tracing for COVID-19 in a healthcare institution: Our experience and lessons learned

During the initial phases of the COVID-19 pandemic contact tracing was used to control spread of the disease. It played a key role in health care institute which continued to work even during lockdown. In this piece of work, we share the lessons learnt from the contact tracing activity done in the health care institution during April to July 2020. The training needs of persons involved in contact tracing, the follow of activities, use of technology, methods to fill the missing gaps were the key lessons learnt. Its documentation supports in setting up contact tracing activity for any emerging infectious disease outbreaks in future