Water Funds: Conserving Green Infrastructure

This manual is an effort by TNC to compile, analyze and synthesize its own experience, together with that of the water funds already in existence and under creation, in order to provide operational guidelines to people and organizations interested in establishing a water fund or similar mechanism. Each location has different ecological, social, economic, legal and institutional features and, therefore, each water fund will have its own characteristics, phases and projections. This manual presents general guidelines and logical steps that must be followed to boost the opportunities and benefits of a water fund and to minimize possible obstacles for its creation. It is not intended to be an in-depth look at every aspect of water funds. Although TNC participates in several other initiatives and similar approaches to watershed management, such as the water producers program in Brazil, this document will not address those initiatives and will only focus on the water funds scheme, placing greater emphasis on experiences in the Andean region

Triangle singularities in B−→K−π−Ds0+B^-\rightarrow K^-\pi^-D_{s0}^+ and B−→K−π−Ds1+B^-\rightarrow K^-\pi^-D_{s1}^+

We study the appearance of structures in the decay of the $B^-$ into $K^- \pi^- D_{s0}^+(2317)$ and $K^- \pi^- D_{s1}^+(2460)$ final states by forming invariant mass distributions of $\pi^- D_{s0}^+$ and $\pi^- D_{s1}^+$ pairs, respectively. The structure in the distribution is associated to the kinematical triangle singularity that appears when the $B^- \to K^- K^{*\,0} D^0$ ($B^- \to K^- K^{*\,0} D^{*\,0}$) decay process is followed by the decay of the $K^{*\,0}$ into $\pi^- K^+$ and the subsequent rescattering of the $K^+ D^0$ ($K^+ D^{*\,0}$) pair forming the $D_{s0}^+(2317)$ ($D_{s1}^+(2460)$) resonance. We find this type of non-resonant peaks at 2850 MeV in the invariant mass of $\pi^- D_{s0}$ pairs from $B^- \to K^- \pi^- D_{s0}^+(2317)$ decays and around 3000 MeV in the invariant mass of $\pi^- D_{s1}^+$ pairs from $B^- \to K^- \pi^- D_{s1}^+(2460)$ decays. By employing the measured branching ratios of the $B^- \to K^- K^{*\,0} D^0$ and $B^- \to K^- K^{*\,0} D^{*\,0}$ decays, we predict the branching ratios for the processes $B^-$ into $K^- \pi^-D_{s0}^+(2317)$ and $K^- \pi^- D_{s1}^+(2460)$, in the vicinity of the triangle singularity peak, to be about $8\times10^{-6}$ and $1\times 10^{-6}$, respectively. The observation of this reaction would also give extra support to the molecular picture of the $D_{s0}^+(2317)$ and $D_{s1}^+(2460)$.Comment: 18 pages, 15 figures, accepted version for publication in Eur. Phys. J.

Generalized enthalpy model of a high pressure shift freezing process

High-pressure freezing processes are a novel emerging technology in food processing, offering significant improvements to the quality of frozen foods. To be able to simulate plateau times and thermal history under different conditions, in this work we present a generalized enthalpy model of the high-pressure shift freezing process. The model includes the effects of pressure on conservation of enthalpy and incorporates the freezing point depression of non-dilute food samples. In addition the significant heat transfer effects of convection in the pressurizing medium are accounted for by solving the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations. We run the model for several numerical tests where the food sample is agar gel, and find good agreement with experimental data from the literature

An analysis of the Lattice QCD spectra for Ds0∗(2317)D^*_{s0}(2317) and Ds1∗(2460)D^*_{s1}(2460)

In this talk I present the results obtained using effective field theories in a finite volume from a reanalysis of lattice data on the $KD^{(*)}$ systems, where bound states of $KD$ and $KD^*$ are found and associated with the states $D^*_{s0}(2317)$ and $D^*_{s1}(2460)$, respectively. We confirm the presence of such states on the lattice data and determine the weight of the $KD$ channel in the wave function of $D^*_{s0}(2317)$ and that of $KD^*$ in the wave function of $D^*_{s1}(2460)$. Our results indicate a large meson-meson component in both cases.Comment: Conference Proceedings, Hadron 2017, Salamanca, Spai

The Resonance Overlap and Hill Stability Criteria Revisited

We review the orbital stability of the planar circular restricted three-body problem, in the case of massless particles initially located between both massive bodies. We present new estimates of the resonance overlap criterion and the Hill stability limit, and compare their predictions with detailed dynamical maps constructed with N-body simulations. We show that the boundary between (Hill) stable and unstable orbits is not smooth but characterized by a rich structure generated by the superposition of different mean-motion resonances which does not allow for a simple global expression for stability. We propose that, for a given perturbing mass $m_1$ and initial eccentricity $e$, there are actually two critical values of the semimajor axis. All values $a a_{\rm unstable}$ are unstable in the Hill sense. The first limit is given by the Hill-stability criterion and is a function of the eccentricity. The second limit is virtually insensitive to the initial eccentricity, and closely resembles a new resonance overlap condition (for circular orbits) developed in terms of the intersection between first and second-order mean-motion resonances.Comment: 33 pages, 14 figures, accepte