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    La pesca de almeja Panopea spp. en el noreste de M茅xico

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    In 2008 the Mexican Pacific Ocean contributed to the production of clam with 88% of national clam catch, and the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea with 12%. In the Pacific are Baja California Sur and Sinaloa, whereas Veracruz and Tabasco stand out in the zone of the Gulf and the Caribean. Baja California Sur is the principal national producer. Panopea globosa and P. generosa clam fishery in Mexico started very recently, in 2000, at first to determine its commercial viability on the east coast of Baja California, while commercial fishing started in 2004 and a year later on the west coast of Baja California and Baja California Sur. From 2002 to 2009 its catch varied between 38 and 1 959 t of live weight. In this period, the east coast of Baja California -included Alto Golfo-accounted for 41% of the capture of Baja California. During 2010 there was commercial fishing as well as experimental fishing in Baja California and Baja California Sur, while in Sonora commercial fishing had not yet started. The clams have a great demand, which creates a strong pressure for access to their capture. This combined with the limited inspection and surveillance, deficient registration, its sedentary status, its high longevity, low recovery, recruitment and growth rates may result in their overfishing. In 2007, INAPESCA proposed to the fisheries authorities a management plan for Baja California and in 2008 to determine its commercial opening in Sonora. These plans are based on resource management per bank, considering three stages: a) prospection, b) development fishing, and c) commercial fishing (the first two are fishing for research purposes). The trend of the fishery is towards an adaptive administration, there are insufficient human and monetary resources, neither follow-up nor arrangement. Some licensees hire a particular at the absence of official surveillance.En 2008 el Pac铆fico mexicano contribuy贸 a la producci贸n de almeja con 88% y el Golfo de M茅xico y Mar Caribe con 12%. En el Pac铆fico destacan Baja California Sur y Sinaloa mientras que Veracruz y Tabasco sobresalen en la zona del Golfo y el Caribe. BCS es el principal productor nacional. La captura de almeja Panopea globosa y P. generosa en M茅xico inici贸 en 2000, primero para determinar su factibilidad comercial en la costa oriental de BC, posteriormente en 2004 su pesca comercial; y un a帽o despu茅s en la costa occidental de Baja California y en BCS. De 2002 a 2009 su producci贸n creci贸 de 38 a 1 959 t de peso vivo, en este periodo, la costa oriental de Baja California (incluido el Alto Golfo) aport贸 41% a la captura de dicho estado. En 2010 se tuvo tanto pesca comercial como pesca de fomento en BC y BCS, mientras que en Sonora a煤n no se abri贸 comercialmente. Este recurso tiene gran demanda, lo que origina una fuerte presi贸n que puede ocasionar su sobrepesca, aunada a las escasas inspecci贸n y vigilancia, deficiencia en su registro, a su condici贸n sedentaria y a su historia de vida. En 2007, el INAPESCA propuso a la autoridad pesquera su plan de manejo en Baja California y en 2008 para determinar su apertura comercial en Sonora. Dichos planes, con base en la administraci贸n del recurso por banco, contemplan tres etapas: a) prospecci贸n, b) pesca de fomento y c) pesca comercial (los dos primeros corresponden a pesca para fines de investigaci贸n). La tendencia de la pesquer铆a es hacia una administraci贸n adaptativa, no hay recursos humanos y monetarios, seguimiento, ni ordenaci贸n suficientes. Ante la ausencia de vigilancia oficial, algunos permisionarios contratan una particula
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