197 research outputs found
Laser Tomography Adaptive Optics (LTAO): A performance study
We present an analytical derivation of the on-axis performance of Adaptive
Optics systems using a given number of guide stars of arbitrary altitude,
distributed at arbitrary angular positions in the sky. The expressions of the
residual error are given for cases of both continuous and discrete turbulent
atmospheric profiles. Assuming Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensing with circular
apertures, we demonstrate that the error is formally described by integrals of
products of three Bessel functions. We compare the performance of Adaptive
Optics correction when using natural, Sodium or Rayleigh laser guide stars. For
small diameter class telescopes (~5m), we show that a few number of Rayleigh
beacons can provide similar performance to that of a single Sodium laser, for a
lower overall cost of the instrument. For bigger apertures, using Rayleigh
stars may not be such a suitable alternative because of the too severe cone
effect that drastically degrades the quality of the correction.Comment: accepted for publication in JOS
Development of a scalable generic platform for adaptive optics real time control
The main objective of the present project is to explore the viability of an
adaptive optics control system based exclusively on Field Programmable Gate
Arrays (FPGAs), making strong use of their parallel processing capability. In
an Adaptive Optics (AO) system, the generation of the Deformable Mirror (DM)
control voltages from the Wavefront Sensor (WFS) measurements is usually
through the multiplication of the wavefront slopes with a predetermined
reconstructor matrix. The ability to access several hundred hard multipliers
and memories concurrently in an FPGA allows performance far beyond that of a
modern CPU or GPU for tasks with a well defined structure such as Adaptive
Optics control. The target of the current project is to generate a signal for a
real time wavefront correction, from the signals coming from a Wavefront
Sensor, wherein the system would be flexible to accommodate all the current
Wavefront Sensing techniques and also the different methods which are used for
wavefront compensation. The system should also accommodate for different data
transmission protocols (like Ethernet, USB, IEEE 1394 etc.) for transmitting
data to and from the FPGA device, thus providing a more flexible platform for
Adaptive Optics control. Preliminary simulation results for the formulation of
the platform, and a design of a fully scalable slope computer is presented.Comment: Paper presented as part of SPIE ICOP 2015 Conference Proceeding
An Imaging Polarimeter(IMPOL) for multi-wavelength observations
Taking advantage of the advances in array detector technology, an imaging
polarimeter (IMPOL) has been constructed for measuring linear polarization in
the wavelength band from 400-800 nm. It makes use of a Wollaston prism as the
analyser to measure simultaneously the two orthogonal polarization components
that define a Stoke's parameter. An achromatic half-wave plate is used to
rotate the plane of polarization with respect to the axis of the analyser so
that the second Stoke's parameter also can be determined. With a field of view
correponding to about 30x30 sq. mm for a 1.2 m, f/13 telescope, a sensitive,
liquid-nitrogen cooled CCD camera as the detector and a built-in acquisition
and guidance unit, the instrument can be used for studying stellar fields or
extended objects with an angular resolution close to 2 arcsec. The instrumental
polarization is less than 0.05% and the accuracies of measurement are primarily
limited by photon noise for typical observations.Comment: 10 pages including 5 embedded figures; submitted to Astronomy and
Astrophysics Supplement Series; available on request to A. N. Ramaprakash
([email protected] or [email protected]); quote report n
Cyclic edge extensions-self centered graphs
The eccentricity e(u) of a vertex u is the maximum distance of u to any other vertex of G. The maximum
and the minimum eccentricity among the vertices of a graph G are known as the diameter and the radius
of G respectively. If they are equal then the graph is said to be a self - centered graph. Edge addition
/extension to a graph either retains or changes the parameter of a graph, under consideration. In this
paper mainly, we consider edge extension for cycles, with respect to the self-centeredness(of cycles),that
is, after an edge set is added to a self centered graph the resultant graph is also a self-centered graph.
Also, we have other structural results for graphs with edge -extensions
Edge Jump Distance Graphs
The concept of edge jump between graphs and distance between graphs was introduced by Gary Chartrand et al. in [5]. A graph H is obtained from a graph G by an edge jump if G contains four distinct vertices u, v, w, and x such that uv belongs to E(G), wx does not belong to E(G) and H isomorphic to G ¢â‚¬uv + wx. The concept of edge rotations and distance between graphs was first introduced by Chartrand et.al [4]. A graph H is said to be obtained from a graph G by a single edge rotation if G contains three distinct vertices u, v, and w such that uv belongs to \ ‚ E(G) and uw does not belong to ‚ E(G). If a graph H is obtained from a graph G by a sequence of edge jumps, then G is said to be j-transformed into H. In this paper we consider edge jumps on generalized Petersen graphs Gp(n,1) and cycles. We have also developed an algorithm that gives self-centered graphs and almost self-centered graphs through edge jumps followed by some general results on edge jum
 
On Some Edge Rotation Distance Graphs
The concept of edge rotations and distance between graphs was introduced by Gary Chartrand et.al
[1].A graph G can be transformed into a graph H by an edge rotation if G contains distinct vertices u, v and w
such
uvE(G) and uwE(G) and H G uv uw
. In this case, G is transformed into H by” rotating”
the edge uv of G into uw. In this paper we consider rotations on generalized Petersen graphs and minimum selfcenteredgraphs. We have also developed algorithms to generate distance degree injective (DDI) graphs and
almost distance degree injective (ADDI) graphs from cycles using the concept of rotations followed by some
general results
A Study of starless dark cloud LDN 1570: Distance, Dust properties and Magnetic field geometry
We wish to map the magnetic field geometry and to study the dust properties
of the starless cloud, L1570, using multi-wavelength optical polarimetry and
photometry of the stars projected on the cloud. We made R-band imaging
polarimetry of the stars projected on a cloud, L1570, to trace the magnetic
field orientation. We also made multi-wavelength polarimetric and photometric
observations to constrain the properties of dust in L1570. We estimated a
distance of 394 +/- 70 pc to the cloud using 2MASS JHKs colours. Using the
values of the Serkowski parameters namely , ,
{\lambda}max and the position of the stars on near infrared color-color
diagram, we identified 13 stars that could possibly have intrinsic polarization
and/or rotation in their polarization angles. One star, 2MASS
J06075075+1934177, which is a B4Ve spectral type, show the presence of diffuse
interstellar bands in the spectrum apart from showing H{\alpha} line in
emission. There is an indication for the presence of slightly bigger dust
grains towards L1570 on the basis of the dust grain size-indicators such as
{\lambda}max and Rv values. The magnetic field lines are found to be parallel
to the cloud structures seen in the 250{\mu}m images (also in 8{\mu}m and
12{\mu}m shadow images) of L1570. Based on the magnetic field geometry, the
cloud structure and the complex velocity structure, we believe that L1570 is in
the process of formation due to the converging flow material mediated by the
magnetic field lines. Structure function analysis showed that in the L1570
cloud region the large scale magnetic fields are stronger when compared with
the turbulent component of magnetic fields. The estimated magnetic field
strengths suggest that the L1570 cloud region is sub-critical and hence could
be strongly supported by the magnetic field lines.Comment: 26 pages, 22 figures, and 7 tables; Accepted for its publication in
A&
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