Measurement of the lower canine pulp chamber through periapical radiography for age estimation

Objectives: The principle of measurement using the TCI (Tooth Coronal Index) method is to compare the pulp chamber height with a person's chronological age based on the formation of secondary dentin. The purpose of this study is to estimate age based on pulp chamber height in lower canines using periapical radiographs with TCI measurement. Materials and Methods: This study is an observational analytic study using 42 samples of periapical radiographs with the parallel technique of the lower canines. Samples were measured for CH and CPCH heights to determine TCI values and then linear regression was made to determine their biological age. Finally, the difference between biological and chronological age is calculated to determine the approximate age. Results: The mean difference between chronological age and biological age was ± 5.05 years and an average biological age of 29.38 years. Conclusion: TCI method based on pulp chamber height in lower canines using periapical radiographs can be used to estimate age with the difference between chronological age and biological age of ±5.05 years

Distribution Of Clinical Cases of Referral Patients for CBCT-3D Radiographic Examinations at RSKGMP Universitas Airlangga

  Introduction: CBCT-3D (Cone Beam Computed Tomography) is an advanced radiographic imaging technology that is currently being developed and utilized in dentistry, with the advantages of accurately depicting three-dimensional (3D) tissue structures, minimal distortion, and low radiation dose. RSKGMP Universitas Airlangga is an educational dental hospital and one of the few hospitals in Surabaya city and also East Java Province that provides CBCT-3D examination services for various cases- thus becoming a referral center for the radiographic examination in the region. A lot of clinical case referrals have been recorded, but no one has researched the distribution of clinical cases referred for CBCT-3D examination. Objective: This study is aimed to determine the distribution of clinical cases referred for CBCT-3D radiographic examination at RSKGMP Universitas Airlangga based on origin, age, and gender. Methods: This study is a descriptive study with a sample of all clinical case medical records, CBCT-3D examination reference data at RSKGMP Universitas Airlangga from July 2015 to March 2020, which met the sample criteria. Furthermore, the data is tabulated and displayed using pie charts and bar charts. Results: Most referrals for CBCT-3D radiography came from internal referrals of RSKGMP Universitas Airlangga (78%). The elderly patients (46 years and over) had the most referrals (59%) of all age groups with the most indication for implant cases (78.9%). Female patients slightly more dominated the total referrals (57.5%) than male patients (42.5%). Conclusion: Most of the clinical cases of referral for CBCT-3D radiographic examination were implants and came from internal RSKGMP Universitas Airlangga, with the most referral age category being elderly and dominated by female patients

Age-related mandibular condyle morphological variations: a panoramic radiography study at RSGMP Universitas Airlangga

Objectives: This research aims to find out the variations of the mandibular condyle shape based on age on panoramic radiography. Materials and Methods: This study uses secondary data from 200 digital panoramic radiographs of patients at the dental hospital (RSGM) of Universitas Airlangga aged 20-65 years in 2019, 2020, and 2021, which have met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data is presented in the form of tables and graphs with simple statistical calculations, and reliability tests were carried out with intraclass correlation (ICC) methods using SPSS. Results: There are variations of the condyle shape in five age groups, the age I (20-25 Years), age II (26-35 years), age III (36-45 years), age IV (46-55 years), age V (56-65 years). Conclusion: There are condyle shape variabilities in several age groups. In age I (20-25 years), age II (26-35 years), age III (36-45 years), and age IV (46-55 years) the most variation of the condyle shape is rounded, at age V (56-65 years) the most variation of the condyle shape is rounded and pointed. Furthermore, the morphology of the condylar structures may exhibit variances and are not consistently uniform. &nbsp

Stromal Derived Factor-1, C-X-C Motif Receptor-4 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression after Induction of Garcinia mangostana. L Peel Extract in Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Culture

survival was unavoidable when stem cell being transplanted. Garcinia mangostana. L Peel may possess beneficial active compound to enhance homing factor of stem cells. C-X-C Motif Receptor-4 (CXCR4), Stromal Derived Factor-1 (SDF-1) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) play an important role in stimulating endogenous Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMMSCs) mobilization. The aim of this research to find out whether mangosteen (G. mangostana. L) peel extract can induce the expression of a CXCR4, SDF-1 and VEGF in BMMSCs culture. BMMSCs were taken and isolated from femur of male Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus). BMMSCs were cultured then added with mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana. L) peel extract. In this study, the culture of MSCs divided into 2 groups, group 1: added G. mangostana. L peel extract and group 2: without G. mangostana. L peel extract. The examination of SDF-1and CXCR4 expression by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), meanwhile the VEGF expression by using Immunocytochemistry. Statistical analysis was test using Levene test for variance homogeneity and normality test with the Saphiro-Wilk test. If the data is normally distributed then a different test is performed using the t-test (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in the expression of SDF1-CXCR4, and VEGF (p<0.05) in BMMSCs cells culture between two groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: G. mangostana peel extract is able to induce the expression of a number of proteins, growth factors and chemokines, such as VEGF, CXCR4, and SDF-1

Combination of anthocyanin ternatin and hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate coralline as a socket preservation biomaterial in dental implant: A narrative review

Background: Tooth extraction is surgical treatment with clinical manifestation is alveolar bone resorption of 11-63% which potentially fails dental implant treatment. Socket preservation is bone regeneration treatment to minimize bone morphological changes in post-extraction using bone graft. Anti-inflammatory biomaterial is needed to modulate inflammatory cascade in the lesion. Anthocyanin ternatin is a flavonoid derived from butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidants agent. Hydroxyapatite/β-Tricalcium Phosphate coralline (HA/β-TCP coralline) is a combination of bioceramic material from calcium carbonate heating of Porites spp. coral which has potential to induce osteogenesis, osteoinduction, and osteoconduction. Combination of Anthocyanin ternatin and HA/β-TCP coralline applied to the defect area in dried powder form to induce hard tissue regeneration. Purpose: To describe the potential of combination of Anthocyanin ternatin and HA/β-TCP coralline as a socket preservation biomaterial in dental implant. Review: Combination of Anthocyanin ternatin and dried powder HA/β-TCP coraline is applied in dental socket. Anthocyanin ternatin suppresses ROS and iNOS then inhibit NF-kB signaling pathway. Downregulation of the pathway decreases TNF-α and IL-1β/6 expression so the expression of RANKL is inhibited. Lowering of ROS followed by upregulated Ca2+ level from HA/β-TCP coralline causes the increase in DKK1 and PTEN expression so Akt and Wnt expression is induced. Upregulation of the proteins induces the BMP2/TGF-β/Smad1/5/8 signaling pathway activation manifest in the increase of Runx2, OCN, and Osx then the preosteoblast differentiation to osteoblast is increased. Conclusion: Combination of Anthocyanin ternatin and HA/β-TCP coralline is potential as socket preservation biomaterial in dental implant

Variation of normal condyle shape based on gender in panoramic radiographs

Objectives: To find out information about variations in the normal shape of the condyles based on gender using panoramic radiographic observations and to find out the frequency data for variations in the normal shape of the condyles. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive observational research using 122 panoramic radiographs as secondary data. The panoramic image consisted of 61 male samples and 61 female samples. The condyles were observed by describing the condyle shapes on the right and left sides. Observation of the shape of the condyle was carried out by three observers. Then, the data were tested for reliability by using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient to equalize the perceptions of the three observers. Results: The reliability test using ICC obtained a score &gt; 0.9 which means very good reliability. The most commonly found condyles shape is round and there are differences in shape between the right and left condyles in both males and females. Conclusion: The most common variation of the normal shape of the condyle found in both males and females is round on the right and left sides

Ketinggian mandibular alveolar ridge pada gambaran radiografik panoramik pasien pria tidak bergigi

Background: Panoramic radiography is extraoral radiographic that have been used commonly in dentistry to obtain a complete picture of the entire maxillofacial. One of the structures seen on panoramic radiographs is the alveolar ridge. Height of the mandibular alveolar ridge can be decreased after tooth loss. Purpose: To determine value of the mandibular alveolar ridge in men with a toothless jaw on panoramic radiographic picture Methods In this study measured the height of mandibular alveolar ridge in panoramic radiograph in 23 men, divided into two groups, dentate and edentulous. Measurements were taken at three points on mandibular, the masurement obeserved by 3 observers and taken the Results: The average of height mandibular alveolar ridge in the group of edentulous men lower than the dentate men. Conclusion: The average of the height mandibular alveolar ridge in the edentulous men is 27.43 mm in the molar point, 31.18 mm in point premolars, and 32.84 mm in the incisor point

The effect of X-ray irradiation to the formation of polychromatic erythrocyte cell micronucleus in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Background: Panoramic and cephalometric radiography is very important for diagnosis, treatment plan, and evaluation of orthodontic treatment results. Panoramic and cephalometric radiography are frequently performed at the same time, causing DNA damage and chromosome aberration. Purpose: This study aims to analyse the effect of X-ray exposure in panoramic and cephalometric radiography on micronuclei cell numbers. Methods: Laboratory-based analytical study with 60 healthy-male Wistar rats weighing 200–300 grams divided into 6 treatment groups (n=10). The control group: without radiographic exposure, the treatment group 2: using panoramic radiographic exposure followed by cephalometric, and the treatment group 3: using panoramic radiographic exposure and 24 hours later performed cephalometric radiographic. The unit of analysis was the polychromatic erythrocytes of mice cell, were examined 24 hours and 48 hours after irradiation had been finished. The polychromatic erythrocytes were examined using May-Gruenwald-Giemsa staining and 100x magnification under a microscope with 2000 cells per view. Data obtained were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 20 version software. The mean and standard deviations were calculated for each clinical parameter, and a one-way ANOVA statistical test of significance was used. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The analysis showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in the number of micronucleus in groups that used panoramic radiographic exposure followed by cephalometric. Conclusion: X-ray radiation can increase the number of micronucleus in polychromatic erythrocyte cells in rats

Interprocessus distances based on gender using panoramic radiographs

Objectives: This research is aimed to find out the differences of interprocessus distances between males and females using panoramic radiographs. Materials and Methods: This research is using observational analytic with cross sectional study design. Secondary data was taken from 96 panoramic radiographs consisting of 48 males and 48 females, from RSKGM-P Universitas Airlangga. Measurements were carried out using ImageJ Software by 3 observers. The measurement results were then analyzed by independent t-test and the inter-measuring reliability was tested using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) on IBM SPSS software. Results: The result showed that the significance value (2-tailed) of interprocessus distances measurement on males and females was &lt;0.05 in both regions. Reliability test of inter-observer using ICC obtained the overall measurement results was more than 0.75 which means excellent reliability. Conclusion: There was a significant difference between the interprocessus distances on males and females as measured by panoramic radiographs