BOSWELLIA SERRATA ROXB. – A BIOACTIVE HERBS WITH VARIOUS PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES

Herbal medicine has become a medicinal as well as the economic aspect of global significance. While the use of these herbal medicines has increased, there are several questions about their consistency, protection, and effectiveness in different countries. Boswellic acid (BA) is one of the active constituents obtained from plant Boswellia serrata (BS) family Burseraceae. The oleoresin gum of the plant is also known as Salai guggul, Indian olibanum, or Indian frankincense. Boswellia species comprises a variety of phytochemical components, essential oil, BA such as keto-BA, beta-BA, or acetyl keto-BA. This variety of constituents isolated from the plant using various extraction processes such as hydrodistillation, percolation, and ultraviolet-assisted extraction or solvent extraction. The active constituent has different biological activities such as antidiuretic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, or antitumor activity. This review seeks to update information on plant BS with its medicinal uses, isolation process in the traditional or Indian system of medicine, and justify its use on modern scientific parameters

DEVELOPMENT OF UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF BENIDIPINE HYDROCHLORIDE BY USING QUALITY BY DESIGN (QbD) APPROACH

Objective: To develop a simple, rapid, accurate, robust and inexpensive spectrophotometric method for the estimation of benidipine hydrochloride by using quality by design (QbD)†approach.Methods: A UV spectrophotometric method was developed on Shimadzu UV-1800 double beam spectrophotometer using methanol as solvent and wavelength of 236 nm was selected as absorbance maxima (ðœ†max). Effect of input variables on spectrum characteristics were studied for the selection of critical parameters and proposed method was validated for various parameters like system suitability, linearity, precision, accuracy, detection limits and quantification limits as per the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines ICH Q2(R1).Results: Linearity of the method was found to be excellent over the concentration range 3 to 18 µg/ml with high correlation coefficient value of 0.9999. Limits of detection and quantification were found to be 0.20 µg/ml and 0.60 µg/ml respectively. The mean recovery was found to be 100.35 % with low percentage relative standard deviation (% RSD) value. The precision study also has shown low % RSD value (<1). No interfering peaks were observed during specificity studies.Conclusion: Obtained result indicated that the developed spectrophotometric method is robust and efficient for the determination of benidipine hydrochloride

Effect of mattress deflection on CPR quality assessment for older children and adolescents

Appropriate chest compression (CC) depth is associated with improved CPR outcome. CCs provided in hospital are often conducted on a compliant mattress. The objective was to quantify the effect of mattress compression on the assessment of CPR quality in children. Methods: A force and deflection sensor (FDS) was used during CPR in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit and Emergency Department of a children's hospital. The sensor was interposed between the chest of the patient and hands of the rescuer and measured CC depth. Following CPR event, each event was reconstructed with a manikin and an identical mattress/backboard/patient configuration. CCs were performed using FDS on the sternum and a reference accelerometer attached to the spine of the manikin, providing a means to Calculate the mattress deflection. Results: Twelve CPR events with 14,487 CC (11 patients, median age 14.9 years) were recorded and reconstructed: 9 on ICU beds (9296 CC), 3 on stretchers (5191 CC). Measured mean CC depth during CPR was 47 +/- 8 mm on ICU beds, and 45 +/- 7 mm on stretcher beds with overestimation of 13 +/- 4 mm and 4 +/- 1 mm, respectively, due to mattress compression. After adjusting for this, the proportion of CC that met the CPR guidelines decreased from 88.4 to 31.8% on ICU beds (p < 0.001), and 86.3 to 64.7% on stretcher (p < 0.001 The proportion of appropriate depth CC was significantly smaller on ICU beds (p < 0.001). Conclusion: CC conducted on a non-rigid surface may not be deep enough. FDS may overestimate CC depth by 28% on ICU beds, and 10% on stretcher beds

Development and validation of novel HPLC method for the estimation of Rutin in crude hydromethanolic leaf extract of Prosopis cineraria

A simple, specific, accurate and precise high performance liquid chromatography method has developed for the estimation of rutin in Prosopis cineraria. The chromatographic separation was achieved by using C18 column, 150 x 4.6mm i.d., 5µ bonded phase octadecylsilane (Thermo Labs Hypersil). Mobile phase was composed of 80 parts of methanol &amp; 20 parts of 0.05% formic acid. The pH of the mobile phase was 3.2.The retention time of rutin was found 5.7 min with 1 mL/min flow rate at ambient temperature. The estimation was performed on PDA detector at 281 nm. In this study, an excellent linearity was obtained with r2 0.999. Besides, the chromatographic peak was found sharp &amp; symmetric. The proposed method was validated in terms of the analytical parameters such as accuracy, linearity, precision, robustness, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ) were determined based on the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The detector response was linear in the range of 2-10 µg/mL. The proposed method was successfully applied for the estimation of the constituents in crude extract of Prosopis cineraria. This study established a quantitative method for the determination of rutin from Prosopis cineraria. &nbsp;Keywords: Prosopis cineraria, HPLC, Validation, Rutin

Comparative fingerprint and extraction yield of Prosopis cineraria (Lin.) Druce. Leaves with phenolic compounds (Gallic acid) & flavonoids (Rutin)

The main objective of this study is to analyse the extraction yield of Prosopis cineraria leaf with respect to phenolic compounds (Gallic acid) and flavonoids (Rutin). UV and FTIR spectroscopic methods were employed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds (gallic acid) and flavonoids (rutin) in the leaf extract of Prosopis cineraria. The extraction yield of methanolic extract was found to be superior. The FTIR signals at 675-600, 1225–950, 1540-1870, and 3500–3200 cm-1, are the indicator of presence of phenol (Gallic acid) &amp; Rutin (flavonoid). &nbsp;These signals were used to identify the presence of the functional groups in the extract. This study concludes that data obtained from the UV &amp; FTIR spectroscopy is enough to fingerprint &amp; evaluate extraction yield of Prosopis cineraria. Key words:&nbsp; UV spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, Methanolic extract, Rutin, Gallic acid, Prosopis cineraria

Antibiotic evaluation of odontogenic microbiological spectrum of orofacial infection

The present study aimed towards the development of active delivery system for management of hypertension. The Orodispersible tablets (ODTs) containing Telmisartan was developed in order to accomplish enhanced solubility leading to better bioavailability profile. Different ratios, of Telmisartan and PEG 6000 i.e. 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5 were selected for the formulation of ODT system. A batch process was adopted for the preparation of solid dispersion with each combination of drug and polymer and the finally compressed as tablets by direct compression technique. For the preformulation perspective materials were scrutinized on the basis of solubility profile, drug content, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The drug polymer ratio 1:4 was selected for further compression process. The prepared batches of ODTs were characterized for micromeritic study, thickness, hardness, weight variation, wetting time, disintegration time, drug content and in vitro drug release profile. The evaluation data for all batches was satisfactory out of them formulation TF3 containing 6% kyron T-314 showed the best results with a value of 29.3 sec and 24.1 sec for wetting and disintegration, respectively. This formulation showed superior drug release of 99.93% over a period of 30 minutes. Keywords: Telmisartan, PEG 6000, Angioten receptor-II antagonist, Solid dispersion, Kyron T-31

RP-HPLC method development and validation for simultaneous estimation of Cilnidipine, Atenolol and Chlorthalidone

A simple precise and economical reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of Cilnidipine (CDP), Atenolol (ATL) and Chlorthalidone (CTD).The chromatographic separation was achieved by using Hypersil- keystone C18 (4.6 x 250mm, 5μm) under isocratic conditions The mobile phase consisted of methanol and triple distilled water (80/20, v/v) having pH 7 with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The eluents were monitored at 225 nm for simultaneous measurement.The selected chromatographic conditions were found to effectively separate CDP (Rt: 3.25 min), ATL (Rt: 5.366 min) and CTD (Rt: 9.025 min) having good resolution. The developed method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD, LOQ, robustness and for system suitability parameters as per ICH guidelines. In this study, an excellent linearity was obtained with r2 = 0.999, r² = 0.999, r² = 1, for CDP, ATL and CTD respectively. The developed chromatographic method proved to be simple, precise, accurate, robust and reproducible Thus, this method would be employed for routine simultaneous quantification of CDP, ATL and CTD in bulk form or tablet dosage form. &nbsp; Keywords: Cilnidipine, Atenolol and Chlorthalidone, RP-HPLC