Blood parasite genus and strains.

<p>Different blood parasite genus and strains found in this study with their data deposition in GenBank (GB), accession numbers, references and additional comments. Note that strains are identified for <i>Plasmodium</i> and <i>Haemoproteus</i> genus with a Cyt-b lenght fragment of 478 bp, and for <i>Leucocytozoon</i> genus with a length fragment of 467 bp (but for NEHUM01 with 476 bp length). Lineages labeled with (*) have the same nucleotide sequence in GB, but their descriptive names and accession numbers are different.</p

Relationships between migration time and blood parasite prevalence and richness.

<p>Results of the general linear models testing the relationships between ringing dates (as dependent variable) and intestinal parasite load and richness. Sex was included as an independent factor. Data from variables in the final model are presented in bold. For variables not in the final model the significance when added to the model is given.</p

Sexual differences in timing of migration.

<p>Number of males (barred bars) and females (empty bars) Garden Warblers captured in each of the seven weeks of the study period.</p

Changes in intestinal parasite richness.

<p>Mean and 95% confidence interval for intestinal parasite richness in the seven weeks of the study period.</p

Relationships between migration time and blood parasite prevalence and richness.

<p>Results of the general linear models testing the relationships between ringing dates (as dependent variable) and blood parasite prevalence and richness. Sex was included as an independent factor. Data from variables in the final model are presented in bold. For variables not in the final model the significance when added to the model is given.</p

Vertebrate hosts for different species of blood-feeding ectoparasites collected in South-western Spain.

<p>We isolated either mammalian or avian DNA from arthropod bloodmeals, except for a <i>Culex modestus</i> mosquito that fed on a turtle (<i>Mauremys leprosa</i>, not included because of limitations in table format). Brackets indicate the number of bloodmeals reporting DNA from particular hosts in each vector species.</p

Identification of a mixed bloodmeal.

<p>The co-amplification of COI fragments from different hosts may generate several ambiguous nucleotide positions (in yellow and indicated by arrows). The ambiguous sequence can be subsequently compared with respect to a validated set of COI sequences from the hosts typically found in the study area. In this example, the sequencing electropherogram obtained could be the result of the simultaneous amplification of DNA from house sparrow <i>Passer domesticus</i> and common blackbird <i>Turdus merula</i>.</p

Additional file 1: of Bagaza virus is pathogenic and transmitted by direct contact in experimentally infected partridges, but is not infectious in house sparrows and adult mice

BAGV RNA load in organs from inoculated red-legged partridges. Viral RNA load, expressed as threshold value (Ct) was measured in five different organs (the heart, spleen, kidney, brain and liver) of BAGV-inoculated red-legged partridges. Closed circles indicate viral load in partridges of the programmed necropsy group and open circles show viral load in lethally infected partridges. A solid line represents the mean of the data of viral load at different days post-infection

Seasonal pattern of blood parasite in the studied area. Numbers in bars indicate sample size.

<p>(A) Percentage of infected (black) and uninfected (white) blood-fed mosquitoes. Note: No blood-fed mosquitoes were captured in winter. (B) Percentage of pools containing infected (black) and uninfected (white) unfed mosquitoes. Note: for the case of mosquitoes in pools, figure show proportions of infected pools but not parasite prevalence. The seasonal infection prevalence (95% coeficient intervals) for mosquitoes in pools were: Spring = 0.56% (0.09–1.74), Summer = 0.99% (0.55–1.64), Autumn = 2.54% (1.47–4.06).</p

Phylogenetic relationships of <i>Plasmodium</i> and <i>Haemoproteus</i> lineages obtained in the current study based on cytochrome <i>b</i> sequences of 478 bp.

<p>Similar sequences from samples identified to morphospecies level available in GenBank and MalAvi were included for reference. <i>Leucocytozoon</i> GRUS1 and SYAT20 lineages were used as out-groups. The numbers on the top of the branches indicate bootstrap support (10 000 replications). The mosquito species infected by each parasite are represented as follows: <i>Cx. pipiens</i> (black circle); <i>Cx</i>. <i>theileri</i> (white circle); <i>Oc</i>. <i>caspius</i> (grey circle); <i>Cx</i>. <i>modestus</i> (black square); <i>Cx</i>. <i>perexiguus</i> (white square).</p