Influence of impulse waveshape on breakdown voltage of a nonuniform-​field gap in compressed gases

The effects were studied of the pulse wave-​shapes, gas pressure (p)​, and polarity on the breakdown voltage (Vs) of a sphere-​plane gap in compressed air and N. The pressure was 0-​150 lb​/in2 gage, the gap spacing was 6.35-​102 mm, and the risetimes of the pulsed voltage was 2.1-​189 μsec. For a pulsed voltage of either polarity, certain gap lengths exhibited a crit.-​pressure effect, and the gap lengths and the pressure at which this effect was obsd. depended on the risetime of the pulsed voltage. Observations of the dependence of Vs on the risetime showed that Vs decreased with increasing risetimes, for risetimes of 16 μsec or 40 μsec, beyond which it increased again to reach a max. at risetimes of the order of 100 μsec. For risetimes >100 μsec, Vs again decreased with increasing risetime. This behavior was similar for both N and air. Possible mechanisms are suggested to explain this behavior

Design & Implementation of Closed Loop PID Mechanism for wire Tension Control (Tensioner) in Winding Machine

Wire tensioners form a crucial part of winding equipment. The tensioner is used to deliver the wire by measuring the maximum tension that wire would tolerate. The quality of winding and productivity of winding machines depends on wire tensioners to a large extent. Usually, the tensioners used in winding application are completely manufactured mechanical with no/little electronics in it, which are not compatible and reliable for variable tensions and different diameter of wires. Since these tensioners are not flexible, for winding machines, alternatives based on Digital Signal Processors (DSP) or any appropriate Controllers are used. We are proposing a PIC Controller based tensioner that would deliver a constant tension with closed loop PID control at constant position of dancer arm mainly by using servomotor and stepper motor. This method is economical and easily scalable to any equivalent controller architecture. This work was supported by Synthesis Winding Technologies Pvt. Ltd, Bangalore

DEVELOPMENT OF A MONITORING SYSTEM FOR KITCHEN ROOM ENVIRONMENT CONTROLING

The evolution and production of the wise controlling and regulating arrangement for cookery taste immediately pass appear in a period this script. The gadget can follow the dignity of the gallery and send an online correspondence and/or perchance an alarm SMS via GSM organization instantaneously, when the surrounding get strange, to some attentive power bodies cellular phone. The ZigBee tool and ARM1176JZF-S microcontroller are utilized in reach the performance of sensor segment. The structure provides a finish, economical, forceful and useful scheme of problem-solving time checking and handheld push-button control of cookery. The GSM is a glorious preference for this in behalf of its broad report. Since SMS is genuinely a text occupying custom, gorgeous intrinsic GSM techniques mastery has an openness condition from the products or make changes in the above-mentioned states. The structure principally checks scullery taste parameters for instance turn on anxiety, 70 degrees, fire acknowledgment, proposal approval and LPG gas equalize, end be developed

Improvement of Grid Current Compensator in Distributed Generation System

This paper Proposed a new current control topology for grid-connected based distributed generation (DG), which helps the DG to exchange a sinusoidal current into the utility grid despite the distorted grid voltage and nonlinear local load conditions. The proposed current controller is outlined in the synchronous reference casing and made out of a Fuzy controller. Consequently, the control methodology can be incredibly rearranged effectively. What's more, the proposed control strategy does not require the nearby load current estimation or symphonious investigation of the framework voltage. In this manner, the proposed control technique can be effectively embraced into the conventional DG control framework without establishment of additional equipment. In spite of the lessened number of sensors, the framework current quality is altogether progressed. The operation standard of the proposed control technique is examined in detail, and its viability is approved through watching absolute symphonious bending (THD) and the results verified through MATLAB/SIMULINK environment

A low-cost water pumping windmill using a sail type Savonius rotor

A water pumping windmill which can be built largely with materials and skills available in rural areas has been designed and fabricated. The windmill uses a Savonius rotor and incorporates a novel sail-type construction. The pump is of a positive displacement type using the casing of a pneumatic tyre for the pumping chamber. Two prototypes have been constructed and these have indicated a reasonable performance and reliability

Judging Analogous Data Search In Resultant Web Databases

The present scenario is based on internet technologies we are having a huge amount of useful Information which is usually having on the web databases but in not retaive effectively at the time of users needed. Information retrieval is major criteria for the people However it is indeed on WDBs. So. The Web has become the accessible media for many database applications, such as e-commerce and search medias. These applications store information in huge databases that user’s access, query, and update through the Web.  Web sites have their own interfaces and access forms for creating HTML pages on the fly. Web database technologies define the way that these forms can connect to and retrieve data from database servers.     In this paper we present a novel approach for annotating web search on the search engines like MSN. It automatically searches data using cluster techniques and present classify the retrieved data

Material characterization studies on the laser beam formed AISI 1008 mild steel

Laser Beam Forming is a new non-contact method without the use of a die, to achieve deformation in metals, which traditionally involved the application of mechanical forces to change the shape and form of the material permanently. Laser forming causes deformation by introducing thermal stresses from an external heat source as opposed to the simple application of forces in mechanical forming. In this study, samples were formed mechanically by using a dynamic press brake machine, whereby, a punch and die apply the force. A 4.4 kW Nd:YAG laser system was used to form a second set of samples made from cold rolled AISI 1008 mild steel using laser forming. In this collaborative work involving researchers from the USA, South Africa and India, the mechanical and metallurgical properties of the unformed, mechanically formed and laser formed samples were experimentally investigated. The objective is to compare these properties amongst the different samples in order to analyze the impact of the varying methodologies especially the laser energy effects on the samples. The conclusions from these tests have provided valuable information on the applicability of laser forming to attain the appropriate surface modifications yielding the desired mechanical and metallurgical properties of the metal

Regeneración de plantas de Lavandula angustifolia L. a partir de callos formados de explantes de hojas in vitro como estrategia de conservación

Lavandula angustifolia L. is an aromatic and medicinal herb with multiple industrial applications. Nevertheless, the over exploitation of wild plantation attempts against to its conservation as natural resource. The aim of this paper was to regenerate plants of L. angustifolia from in vitro leaf explants by indirect organogenesis as conservation strategy. Leaves sections from in vitro plants were cultured in MS with 6-Bencylamino purine (BAP) combined with Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or 2,4-Diclophenoxic acetic acid (2,4-D) to induce callus formation. The callus growth was categorized into three types according to the explant area covered by callus and the fresh and dry weigh (mg) per callus were determined. Then, callus were subcultured on MS with BAP and Kinetin combined with NAA or 2,4-D  for shoots regeneration. Shoots were cultured in MS with BAP 8.88 µM, indole butyric acid (IBA) 4.92 µM and 2.68µM NAA for rooting. Plantlets were acclimatized and after 50 days of hardening the plants were transferred to the soil. Explants in all treatments formed calli. The higher percentage of callus formation with abundant growth was achieved in MS with 8.88 µM BAP + 5.36 µM NAA (92%). In MS with 4.44 µM BAP + 4.64 µM Kn+ 2.68 µM NAA, 93% of calli regenerating shoots and25-30 multiple shoots were obtained after 63 days of subculture. Shoots developed roots and plants were successfully acclimatized with 93 percentage of surviving.  In vitro leaf of L. angustifolia is a suitable explant for plants regeneration.Lavandula angustifolia L. es una hierba aromática y medicinal con múltiples aplicaciones industriales. Sin embargo, la sobreexplotación de las plantaciones silvestres atenta contra su conservación como recurso natural. El objetivo de este trabajo fue regenerar plantas de L. angustifolia a partir de explantes foliares in vitro mediante organogénesis indirecta como estrategia de conservación. Se cultivaron secciones de hojas de plantas in vitro en MS con 6-bencilamino purina (BAP) combinada con ácido naftalen acético (ANA) o ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético (2,4-D) para inducir la formación de callos. El crecimiento de los callos se clasificó en tres tipos de acuerdo con el área de explante cubierta por el callo y se determinó la masa fresca y seca (mg) por callo. Luego, se subcultivaron los callos en MS con BAP y Kinetina (Kn) combinados con ANA o 2,4-D para la regeneración de los brotes. Los brotes se cultivaron en MS con 8.88 µM de BAP, 4.92 µM de ácido indol butírico (AIB) y 2.68 µM de ANA para su enraizamiento. Las plántulas se aclimatizaron y después de 50 días de endurecimiento se transfirieron a suelo. Los explantes en todos los tratamientos formaron callos. El mayor porcentaje de formación de callos con crecimiento abundante se logró en MS con 8.88 µM de BAP + 5.36 µM de ANA (92%). En MS con 4.44 µM de BAP + 4.64 µM de Kn + 2.68 µM de ANA, el 93% de los callos regeneraron brotes y se obtuvieron de 25-30 brotes múltiples después de 63 días de subcultivo. Los brotes desarrollaron raíces y las plantas se aclimatizaron con éxito con un alto porcentaje de supervivencia 93% La hoja in vitro de L. angustifolia es un explante adecuado para la regeneración de plantas