13 research outputs found
GIPE Faculty Meeting with Dr. Rajiv Kumar, Chancellor, GIPE, Pune on 05 March 2022 (Photographs)
Characterization of the Effects of Friction Stir Processing on Microstructural Changes in DRA Composites
The effect of friction stir processing (FSP) on the spatial homogeneity of SiC particles in discontinuously reinforced aluminum (DRA) metal matrix composites is investigated. DRA composites were produced with microstructures having controlled degrees of clustering, by carefully varying the particle size ratios (PSR) of the powders used in their fabrication. In this contribution, the spatial heterogeneity of these DRA microstructures is characterized by careful measurement of statistical two-point correlation functions and also via the multi-scalar analysis of area fractions (MSAAF) technique, at length scales up to 1 mm, by the use of high-resolution, large-area image montaging. These complimentary techniques yield similar results for the spatial heterogeneity of the DRA materials, both before and after FSP. The microstructural data suggest that significant microstructural modifications are imparted by FSP, including reductions in the measured spatial heterogeneity and microstructural anisotropy, as well as re-orientation of the reinforcement particles due to the stirring action. These microstructural modifications have a strong influence on the experimentally-measured tensile strengths and ductilities of the DRA composites. A general relationship exists between the measured tensile ductility and the microstructural parameters of homogeneous length scale (LH) and cluster size (dclus), independent of the DRA processing history
Twenty Sixth Convocation and R R Kale Memorial Lecture by Prof. Eric S Maskin on "Introduction to Mechanism Design" (Photographs)
Twenty Sixth Convocation and R R Kale Memorial Lecture by Prof. Eric S Maskin on "Introduction to Mechanism Design" (Video)
Distinctive microRNA signature of medulloblastomas associated with the WNT signaling pathway
Aim: Medulloblastoma is a malignant brain tumor that occurs
predominantly in children. Current risk stratification based on
clinical parameters is inadequate for accurate prognostication.
MicroRNA expression is known to be deregulated in various cancers and
has been found to be useful in predicting tumor behavior. In order to
get a better understanding of medulloblastoma biology, miRNA profiling
of medulloblastomas was carried out in parallel with expression
profiling of protein-coding genes. Materials and Methods: miRNA
profiling of medulloblastomas was carried out using Taqman Low Density
Array v 1.0 having 365 human microRNAs. In parallel, genome-wide
expression profiling of protein-coding genes was carried out using
Affymetrix gene 1.0 ST arrays. Results: Both the profiling studies
identified four molecular subtypes of medulloblastomas. Expression
levels of select protein-coding genes and miRNAs could classify an
independent set of medulloblastomas. Twelve of 31 medulloblastomas were
found to overexpress genes belonging to the canonical WNT signaling
pathway and carry a mutation in CTNNB1 gene. A number of miRNAs like
miR-193a, miR-224/miR-452 cluster, miR-182/miR-183/miR-96 cluster, and
miR-148a having potential tumor/metastasis suppressive activity were
found to be overexpressed in the WNT signaling associated
medulloblastomas. Exogenous expression of miR-193a and miR-224, two
miRNAs that have the highest WNT pathway specific upregulation, was
found to inhibit proliferation, increase radiation sensitivity and
reduce anchorage-independent growth of medulloblastoma cells.
Conclusion: Expression level of tumor/metastasis suppressive miRNAs in
the WNT signaling associated medulloblastomas is likely to determine
their response to treatment, and thus, these miRNAs would be important
biomarkers for risk stratification within the WNT signaling associated
medulloblastomas
Distinctive microRNA signature of medulloblastomas associated with the WNT signaling pathway
Aim: Medulloblastoma is a malignant brain tumor that occurs
predominantly in children. Current risk stratification based on
clinical parameters is inadequate for accurate prognostication.
MicroRNA expression is known to be deregulated in various cancers and
has been found to be useful in predicting tumor behavior. In order to
get a better understanding of medulloblastoma biology, miRNA profiling
of medulloblastomas was carried out in parallel with expression
profiling of protein-coding genes. Materials and Methods: miRNA
profiling of medulloblastomas was carried out using Taqman Low Density
Array v 1.0 having 365 human microRNAs. In parallel, genome-wide
expression profiling of protein-coding genes was carried out using
Affymetrix gene 1.0 ST arrays. Results: Both the profiling studies
identified four molecular subtypes of medulloblastomas. Expression
levels of select protein-coding genes and miRNAs could classify an
independent set of medulloblastomas. Twelve of 31 medulloblastomas were
found to overexpress genes belonging to the canonical WNT signaling
pathway and carry a mutation in CTNNB1 gene. A number of miRNAs like
miR-193a, miR-224/miR-452 cluster, miR-182/miR-183/miR-96 cluster, and
miR-148a having potential tumor/metastasis suppressive activity were
found to be overexpressed in the WNT signaling associated
medulloblastomas. Exogenous expression of miR-193a and miR-224, two
miRNAs that have the highest WNT pathway specific upregulation, was
found to inhibit proliferation, increase radiation sensitivity and
reduce anchorage-independent growth of medulloblastoma cells.
Conclusion: Expression level of tumor/metastasis suppressive miRNAs in
the WNT signaling associated medulloblastomas is likely to determine
their response to treatment, and thus, these miRNAs would be important
biomarkers for risk stratification within the WNT signaling associated
medulloblastomas
Distinctive microRNA signature of medulloblastomas associated with the WNT signaling pathway
Aim: Medulloblastoma is a malignant brain tumor that occurs
predominantly in children. Current risk stratification based on
clinical parameters is inadequate for accurate prognostication.
MicroRNA expression is known to be deregulated in various cancers and
has been found to be useful in predicting tumor behavior. In order to
get a better understanding of medulloblastoma biology, miRNA profiling
of medulloblastomas was carried out in parallel with expression
profiling of protein-coding genes. Materials and Methods: miRNA
profiling of medulloblastomas was carried out using Taqman Low Density
Array v 1.0 having 365 human microRNAs. In parallel, genome-wide
expression profiling of protein-coding genes was carried out using
Affymetrix gene 1.0 ST arrays. Results: Both the profiling studies
identified four molecular subtypes of medulloblastomas. Expression
levels of select protein-coding genes and miRNAs could classify an
independent set of medulloblastomas. Twelve of 31 medulloblastomas were
found to overexpress genes belonging to the canonical WNT signaling
pathway and carry a mutation in CTNNB1 gene. A number of miRNAs like
miR-193a, miR-224/miR-452 cluster, miR-182/miR-183/miR-96 cluster, and
miR-148a having potential tumor/metastasis suppressive activity were
found to be overexpressed in the WNT signaling associated
medulloblastomas. Exogenous expression of miR-193a and miR-224, two
miRNAs that have the highest WNT pathway specific upregulation, was
found to inhibit proliferation, increase radiation sensitivity and
reduce anchorage-independent growth of medulloblastoma cells.
Conclusion: Expression level of tumor/metastasis suppressive miRNAs in
the WNT signaling associated medulloblastomas is likely to determine
their response to treatment, and thus, these miRNAs would be important
biomarkers for risk stratification within the WNT signaling associated
medulloblastomas