Synthesis of some 3-(2-substituted sulfanyl-imidazo [2,1-b][1,3,4] thiadiazol-6-yl)-chromen-2-one and its derivatives

454-458A series of 3-(2-substituted sulfanyl-imidazo [2,1-b][1,3,4] thiadiazol-6-yl)-chromen-2-ones (3) have been synthesized from 3-(2-bromo acetyl) chromen-2-ones 1 and 2-amino-5-thio substituted[1,3,4]thiadiazole 2 in anhydrous ethanol. The 7,8-benzo analogs of 3-(2-substituted sulfanyl-imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4] thiadiazol-6-yl)-chromen-2-ones 5 have been synthesized under similar conditions. All the synthesized compounds have been characteriszed by analytical and spectral data

Comparison of different culture media and storage temperatures for the long-term preservation of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the tropics

Objective: The preservation of Streptococcus pneumoniae by standard freezing methods for subsequent tests- such as serotyping and antibiotic susceptibility-is not possible or is difficult in many developing countries because of the high cost of equipment, inadequate equipment maintenance, and irregular power supply. We evaluated alternative low-cost methods, by comparing different culture media and storage temperatures. Methods: Clinical isolates of five capsular types (1, 5, 7, 19, and 23) of S. pneumoniae were preserved in rabbit blood, sheep blood, skimmed milk, or glycerol-chocolate broth, and stored at -20 °C or -70 °C. The cultures were also preserved by lyophilization or sand desiccation, followed by storage at room temperature and 4 °C. The viability of the preserved cultures was determined by making serial colony counts on day 0 and after 1 week, 4 weeks, 4 months and 16 months. The viability of cultures preserved by sand desiccation and storage at 4 °C was also determined every 6 months for up to 68 months. Findings: Irrespective of the media used, cultures maintained at -20 °C became nonviable by the fourth month, while those maintained at -70 °C were still viable at 16 months. Cultures preserved by lyophilization or sand desiccation lost their viability by the fourth month when maintained at local room temperature (30-42 °C), but remained viable when stored at 4 °C for up to 68 months. Conclusions: Our results confirm that freezing at -70 °C, or lyophilization and storage at 4 °C are the ideal methods for the preservation of S. pneumoniae. In laboratories where lyophilization is not feasible, sand desiccation and storage at 4 °C offers an alternative low-cost method for the long-term preservation of S. pneumoniae

Synthesis of some new type of thiazolyl coumarins

473-4753-(2-Bromoacetyl)coumarins react with thiosemicarbazide in the presence of acetophenone to give [3-(2-hydrazino-4- thiazolyl)coumarino]-phenylmethyl methines 1 in a single step. These compounds can also be obtained by the condensation of acetophenone thiosemicarbazones with 3-(2-bromoacetyl) coumarins in anhyd. ethanol and dimethyl formarnide. Condensation of various 3-(2-bromoacetyl) coumarins with guanyl thiourea in the presence of anhyd. ethanol and dimethyl formamide yields [3-(2-arnino-4-thiazolyl) coumarino]diamino methine 2. The structural assignment of the products is based on elemental analyses and spectral (IR, PMR and MS) data.</span

Incidence of egg drop syndrome &#150; 1976 in Namakkal district, Tamil Nadu, India

Aim: To know the magnitude of influence by Egg Drop Syndrome &#150; 1976 (EDS &#150;'76) virus infection in causing drop in egg production in and around Namakkal. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 cloacal swabs and 15 pouch shell glands (uteri) homogenates from 15 poultry farms in and around Namakkal area were used for virus isolation. Three numbers of 10 &#150;day- old embryonated duck eggs were used for the inoculation of each suspected material for virus isolation. The isolate was identified by HA property, by specific inhibition of HA and by AGPT using hyperimmune serum raised against reference EDS &#150;'76 virus strain 127. Results: Out of samples from 15 farms only one isolate (6.6%) was obtained from poultry farm No.5. Conclusion: The results of the present study revealed that the EDS &#150;'76 virus influence in causing drop in egg production in this area to be minimal. [Vet World 2013; 6(6.000): 350-353

Kinetics of Ir(III)-catalysed Oxidation of Isopropanol & Acetone by Ceric Sulphate

297-29

Kinetics of Reduction of Ce(IV) by Ascorbic Acid In Various Acid Media

66-6

Antibiogram pattern of bacteria causing endometritis in cows

Aim : To find out the organisms causing endometritis in cattle and to determine their in vitro sensitivity to various antibiotics Materials and methods: Thirty uterine secretion samples, 9 from Holstein Friesian and 21 from Jersey cows were collected in and around Namakkal district of Tamil Nadu from clinical cases of endometritis. The bacteria isolated both aerobically and anaerobically from endometritis showed the characteristic colony, were gram stained and confirmed by standard biochemical tests. The invitro antibiotic sensitivity test with different antibiotic discs were carried out. Results and Discussion: Out of 30 samples, 25 contained different strains of bacteria and 5 were found bacteriologically sterile. Different species of bacteria isolated from these samples were, Escherichia coli (36.66%), Klebsiella spp (30%), Proteus spp (13.33%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6.66%), Clostridium spp (3.33%). The in vitro antibiotic sensitivity test indicated that the highest number of isolates (64%) were sensitive to Ceftriaxone, followed by Gentamicin, Enrofloxacin and Chlortetracycline (32%). Chloramphenicol showed sensitivity in minimum number (8%) of isolates. Conclusion : This study revealed that the bacteria E.coli and Klebisella spp are more commonly isolated in endometritis in cows and the drug Ceftriaxone is highly effective. [Vet World 2013; 6(2.000): 100-102