Altered cropping pattern and cultural continuation with declined prosperity following abrupt and extreme arid event at ~4,200 yrs BP: Evidence from an Indus archaeological site Khirsara, Gujarat, western India - Fig 2

<p>Archaeological artifacts recovered from Khirsara (A) Mature Harappan ceramics (painted and plain) (B) Red Ware Harappan pot (C) Gold beads (D) Fish hook made of copper (E) Copper objects (F) Beads of semiprecious stones (G) Seal with bison (H) Seal bearing Harappan characters. These antiquities have been stored at the office of Excavation Branch-V, ASI, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.</p

¹⁴C dates of wood-charcoal measured by conventional beta counting method at BSIP.

<p>¹⁴C dates of wood-charcoal measured by conventional beta counting method at BSIP.</p

AMS measured ¹⁴C dates of agricultural grains (Barley and Wheat respectively) from the trench Z-38.

<p>AMS measured ¹⁴C dates of agricultural grains (Barley and Wheat respectively) from the trench Z-38.</p

Left panels show pie-charts displaying relative abundance of crop plants and right panels show corresponding histograms for three distinct phases of overall subsistence changes in the archaeological site Khirsara.

<p>Left panels show pie-charts displaying relative abundance of crop plants and right panels show corresponding histograms for three distinct phases of overall subsistence changes in the archaeological site Khirsara.</p

Abundance, ubiquity and diversity index of charred remains from occupational phases at Khirsara (4600–3900 yrs BP).

<p>Abundance, ubiquity and diversity index of charred remains from occupational phases at Khirsara (4600–3900 yrs BP).</p

Photograph of trench AF-35 from where samples were taken for C isotope analysis.

<p>Right panel shows stratigraphic appearances with finds of archaeological artefacts. Depth-profiles of TOC (wt.%) and δ¹³C_TOC of the trench AF-35 is shown in lower panels. Calibrated ¹⁴C age based chronological constraints are shown as + symbols.</p

AMS measured ¹⁴C dates of soil-sediment from the trench AF-35.

<p>The first sample* was dated with conventional Beta counting method at BSIP.</p