Studies on the Impact of Altitudinal Gradient on Ammonium Assimilatory Metabolism in Glycine max L. (Fabaceae)

Seedlings of Glycine max L. were grown, transplanted and acclimatized for 60 days at different altitudes (250, 400 and 1600 m). Response to shift in altitude was observed in the plants. Shoot length decreased with the increase in the altitude, while root length followed a reverse trend. Biomass accumulation in shoot and roots of G. max was the maximum at high altitude. Total soluble protein content was significantly high at low altitude in the shoot and the roots. Free tissue ammonia level in this species showed positive correlation with increasing altitude. Ammonium assimilatory enzymes viz., glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthase (GOGAT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) were studied. GS/ GOGAT specific and total activity were altitude sensitive, whereas GDH activity exhibited inverse trend. Results indicate that there is a positive shift in ammonium assimilatory pathway in plants growing at high altitude

Impact of Altitudinal Gradient on Ammonium Assimilatory Enzymes in Rauvolfia teraphylla L. (Apocyanaceae) – A Perennial Medicinal Herb

Seedlings of Ravuolfia tetraphylla L. were grown, transplanted and acclimatized for 60 days at different altitudes gradient (250, 400 and 1600 m) in Yercaud, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India. Response to shift in altitude was observed in the test plants. Shoot length decreased with the increase in the altitude, while increase in the root length was directly proportional to the increase in the altitudinal gradient. Biomass accumulation in roots of R. tetraphylla recorded the maximum at high altitude at the same time shoot biomass was maximum at an intermediate height (400m), thereafter reduction in biomass was observed with the increase in the altitude. Total soluble protein content was significantly high at low altitude in the shoot while it followed a reverse trend in the roots. Likewise, free tissue ammonia level in this species showed positive correlation with increase in the altitude. Ammonium assimilatory enzymes viz., glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthase (GOGAT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) were analyzed. GS/ GOGAT activity and specific activity were altitude sensitive, whereas GDH activity exhibited inverse trend. A positive shift in ammonium assimilatory pathway in test plants growing at high altitude was observed in R. tetraphylla

Structural Stability and Level Density of Hot Rotating Doubly Magic Isotopes of Calcium

The recently reported doubly-magic nuclei 52Ca and 54Ca are discussed in comparison with the other magic isotopes of Calcium. the temperature effect is included in this study and hence the statistical approach to obtain the particle emission and level density are discussed in the context of temperature effect. We predict an increase in neutron emission for 54Ca due to the abrupt decrease in neutron separation energy around t=0.4MeV. Since the drop in the separation energy is closely associated with the structural changes in the rotating nuclei, relative increase in neutron emission probability around certain values of temperature may be construed as evidence for the shape transition. Such effects are not obtained for 40,48,52Ca isotopes. hence this statistical study reveals the higher stability of magic nature of 52Ca than 54Ca, against temperature

Sinteza novih derivata triazola kao anti-nociceptivnih i protuuaplnih agenasa

Eight novel 1-[2-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)ethyl]-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazoles (3a-h) have been synthesized in order to obtain new compounds with potential anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity. The titled compounds were synthesized by the condensation of 1-[2-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)ethyl]-1H-benzotriazole (2) and appropriate acid chlorides. Compound (2) was synthesized by reacting 3-(1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)propanonitrile (1) with sodium azide and ammonium chloride in the presence of dimethylformamide. The synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods (IR, 1H NMR, mass spectroscopy) and elemental analysis. The titled compounds were evaluated for anti-nociceptive activity by the hot plate method and the writhing response method and anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by the carragenean induced paw edema method. 5-(2-(1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazo-1-yl)ethyl)-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)(4-aminophenyl)methanone (3d) and 5-(2-(1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazo-1-yl)ethyl)-1H-tetrazol-1-yl) (2-hydroxyphenyl)methanone (3g) exhibited significant anti-nociceptive activity. 1-(2-(1-Tosyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)ethyl)-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole (3c) and 4-5-(2-(1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazo-1-yl)ethyl)-1H-tetrazol-1-yl sulfonyl)benzenamine (3f) elicited superior anti-inflammatory activity compared to other synthesized compounds. Further investigations are needed to discern the mechanism of action.Sintetizirano je osam novih 1-[2-(1H-tetrazol-5-il)etil]-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazola (3a-h), s potencijalnim anti-nociceptivnim i protuupalnim djelovanjem. Navedeni spojevi pripravljeni su kondenzacijom 1-[2-(1H-tetrazol-5-il)etil]-1H-benzotriazola (2) i odgovarajućih kiselinskih klorida. Spoj 2 dobiven je reakcijom 3-(1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-il)propanonitrila (1) s natrijevim azidom i amonijevim kloridom u prisutnosti dimetilformamida. Sintetizirani spojevi su karakterizirani spektroskopskim metodama (IR, 1H NMR, spektroskopijom masa) i elementarnom analizom. Anti-nociceptivno djelovanje ispitivano je metodom vruće ploče i praćenjem odgovora na bolne podražaje, dok je protuupalno djelovanje evaluirano testom s karageninom. 5-(2-(1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazo-1-il)etil)-1H-tetrazol-1-il)(4-aminofenil)metanon (3d) i 5-(2-(1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazo-1-il)etil)-1H-tetrazol-1-il) (2-hidroksifenil)metanon (3g) pokazali su značajno anti-nociceptivno djelovanje. 1-(2-(1-Tosil-1H-tetrazol-5-il)etil)-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol (3c) i 4-5-(2-(1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazo-1-il)etil)-1H-tetrazol-1-il sulfonil)benzenamin (3f) pokazali su superiorno protuupalno djelovanje u odnosu na druge sintetizirane spojeve. Daljnja istraživanja su nužna kako bi se razjasnio mehanizam djelovanja

Investigations on Hepatoprotective Activity of Leaf Extracts of Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr. (Rutaceae)

The present study was carried out to screen and evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of leaf extracts of Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr. Hepatoprotective activities of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of A. marmelos were examined against carbon tetrachloride induced liver damage in mice using silymarin as control. Enzyme activities of Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT), Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) were analyzed. Results indicate that ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of A. marmelos had moderate activity over carbon tetrachloride treatment as compared to control. Results of the present investigation confirm the traditional uses of this plant as a potential hepatoprotective agent

Critical current density of a sample of melt grown Y<SUB>1&#183;2</SUB>Ba<SUB>1&#183;8</SUB>Cu<SUB>2&#183;4</SUB>O<SUB>x</SUB>

Melt grown samples of Y1&#183;2Ba1&#183;8Cu2&#183;4Ox have been prepared and studied for their current carrying capacity. The composition was chosen to include Y2BaCuO5 (211) particles in the YBa2Cu3Ox (123) phase. The critical current density (Jc) of these samples was studied as a function of magnetic field using magnetization technique. The micrographic investigation shows well aligned grains in this material. The magnetic hysteresis measurements were done using a MPMS SQUID magnetometer up to the fields of 5.5 T. The Jc was estimated from the remanent magnetization using Bean model. Isothermal magnetization hysteresis loops at low fields reveal the presence of only one kind of hysteresis loops (corresponding to intragrain magnetizations). This is a valid proof that the weak links are greatly eliminated in these samples prepared by MG process. The Jc behaviour as a function of magnetic field has two components, a rapidly decaying exponential function of field and the other component that predominates at higher fields. This could be explained if we assume that the sample contains two phases of superconductors, one having a low Hc2 becoming normal at fairly medium fields of the order of a few kilogauss will act as pinning centres for the other phase having higher Hc2 and hence higher Jc at high fields

Studies on Hepatoprotective Properties of Leaf Extracts of Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Meliaceae)

The present study was carried out to evaluate the hepatoprotective role of leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Hepatoprotective activities of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of A. indica were examined against carbon tetrachloride induced liver damage in mice using silymarin as control. Enzyme activities of Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT), Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) were analyzed. Phytochemical leaf extracts of A. indica exhibited significant hepatoprotective activity. Ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of A. indica exhibited moderate activity over carbon tetrachloride treated animals. Results confirm the traditional - ethnomedicinal use of A. indica as a potential source of hepatoprotective agent

Softly Broken A_4 Symmetry for Nearly Degenerate Neutrino Masses

The leptonic Higgs doublet model of neutrino masses is implemented with an A_4 discrete symmetry (the even permutation of 4 objects or equivalently the symmetry of the tetrahedron) which has 4 irreducible representations: 1, 1', 1'', and 3. The resulting spontaneous and soft breaking of A_4 provides a realistic model of charged-lepton masses as well as a nearly degenerate neutrino mass matrix. Phenomenological consequences at and below the TeV scale are discussed.Comment: 11 pages, no figur

Dynamics in a noncommutative phase space

Dynamics has been generalized to a noncommutative phase space. The noncommuting phase space is taken to be invariant under the quantum group $GL_{q,p}(2)$. The $q$-deformed differential calculus on the phase space is formulated and using this, both the Hamiltonian and Lagrangian forms of dynamics have been constructed. In contrast to earlier forms of $q$-dynamics, our formalism has the advantage of preserving the conventional symmetries such as rotational or Lorentz invariance.Comment: LaTeX-twice, 16 page