814 research outputs found
Neutrino oscillation probabilities: Sensitivity to parameters
We study in detail the sensitivity of neutrino oscillation probabilities to
the fundamental neutrino parameters and their possible determination through
experiments. The first part of the paper is devoted to the broad theme of
isolating regions in the neutrino (and anti-neutrino) energy and propagation
length that are sensitive to the oscillation parameters. Such a study is
relevant to neutrinos both from the Earth's atmosphere or from a neutrino
factory. For completeness we discuss the sensitivity, however small, to the
parameters involved in a three-generation framework, and to the Earth matter
density profile. We then study processes relevant to atmospheric neutrinos
which are sensitive to and allow precision measurements of the mixing angle
theta_23 and mass-squared difference delta_32 apart from the mixing angle
theta_13. Crucial to this analysis is charge identification; detectors having
this capability can isolate these matter effects. In particular, we address the
issue of using matter effects to determine whether the mixing angle theta_23 is
maximal, and, if not, to explore how well its octant can be determined. When
realistic detector resolutions are included, we find that deviations of about
15% (20%) from a maximal value of sin^2 theta_23=1/2 can be measured at 95%
(99%) CL provided theta_13 is non-zero, sin^2 theta_13 >= 0.015, and the
neutrino mass ordering is normal, with fairly large exposures of 1000
kton-years.Comment: 37 pages Latex file, 30 eps figure files; minor typos fixe
Scaling of fluctuation for Directed polymers with random interaction
Using a finite size scaling form for reunion probability, we show numerically
the existence of a binding-unbinding transition for Directed polymers with
random interaction. The cases studied are (A1) two chains in 1+1 dimensions,
(A2) two chains in 2+1 dimensions and (B) three chains in 1+1 dimensions. A
similar finite size scaling form for fluctuation establishes a disorder induced
transition with identical exponents for cases A2 and B. The length scale
exponents in all the three cases are in agreement with previous exact
renormalization group results.Comment: Revtex, 4 postscript figures available on request (email:
[email protected]); To appear in J. Phys. A Letter
Theory of tricriticality for miscut surfaces
We propose a theory for the observed tricriticality in the orientational
phase diagram of Si(113) misoriented towards [001]. The systems seems to be at
or close to a very special point for long range interactions.Comment: Revtex, 1 ps figur
Antimicrobial silver coating using PVD-PECVD system
Physical Vapor Deposition - Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PVD-PECVD) systems are used exclusively for deposition and doping of carbonaceous films. However, this technique presents promising characteristics for the deposition of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) on textiles, which meet the industrial demand for a more versatile and efficient methodology than the Magnetron Sputtering (MS) technique. In this regard, cotton textiles were coated with Ag-NP films produced by PVD-PECVD, and compared in terms of technical Physical vapor deposition - plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PVD-PECVD) system has been used exclusively for deposition and doping of carbonaceous films [silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs)] on cotton fabrics and the findings are compared, in terms of technical efficiency and microbial inhibition, with those of the magnetron sputtering (MS) technique. It is found that the proposed technique presents promising characteristics for the deposition of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) on textiles, which meet the industrial demand.efficiency and microbial inhibition, with findings in the literature for the MS technique
New Criticality of 1D Fermions
One-dimensional massive quantum particles (or 1+1-dimensional random walks)
with short-ranged multi-particle interactions are studied by exact
renormalization group methods. With repulsive pair forces, such particles are
known to scale as free fermions. With finite -body forces (m = 3,4,...), a
critical instability is found, indicating the transition to a fermionic bound
state. These unbinding transitions represent new universality classes of
interacting fermions relevant to polymer and membrane systems. Implications for
massless fermions, e.g. in the Hubbard model, are also noted. (to appear in
Phys. Rev. Lett.)Comment: 10 pages (latex), with 2 figures (not included
Small molecule inhibitors of Late SV40 Factor (LSF) abrogate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): evaluation using an endogenous HCC model
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal malignancy with high mortality and poor prognosis. Oncogenic transcription factor Late SV40 Factor (LSF) plays an important role in promoting HCC. A small molecule inhibitor of LSF, Factor Quinolinone Inhibitor 1 (FQI1), significantly inhibited human HCC xenografts in nude mice without harming normal cells. Here we evaluated the efficacy of FQI1 and another inhibitor, FQI2, in inhibiting endogenous hepatocarcinogenesis. HCC was induced in a transgenic mouse with hepatocyte-specific overexpression of c-myc (Alb/c-myc) by injecting N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) followed by FQI1 or FQI2 treatment after tumor development. LSF inhibitors markedly decreased tumor burden in Alb/c-myc mice with a corresponding decrease in proliferation and angiogenesis. Interestingly, in vitro treatment of human HCC cells with LSF inhibitors resulted in mitotic arrest with an accompanying increase in CyclinB1. Inhibition of CyclinB1 induction by Cycloheximide or CDK1 activity by Roscovitine significantly prevented FQI-induced mitotic arrest. A significant induction of apoptosis was also observed upon treatment with FQI. These effects of LSF inhibition, mitotic arrest and induction of apoptosis by FQI1s provide multiple avenues by which these inhibitors eliminate HCC cells. LSF inhibitors might be highly potent and effective therapeutics for HCC either alone or in combination with currently existing therapies.The present study was supported in part by grants from The James S. McDonnell Foundation, National Cancer Institute Grant R01 CA138540-01A1 (DS), National Institutes of Health Grant R01 CA134721 (PBF), the Samuel Waxman Cancer Research Foundation (SWCRF) (DS and PBF), National Institutes of Health Grants R01 GM078240 and P50 GM67041 (SES), the Johnson and Johnson Clinical Innovation Award (UH), and the Boston University Ignition Award (UH). JLSW was supported by Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. DS is the Harrison Endowed Scholar in Cancer Research and Blick scholar. PBF holds the Thelma Newmeyer Corman Chair in Cancer Research. The authors acknowledge Dr. Lauren E. Brown (Dept. Chemistry, Boston University) for the synthesis of FQI1 and FQI2, and Lucy Flynn (Dept. Biology, Boston University) for initially identifying G2/M effects caused by FQI1. (James S. McDonnell Foundation; R01 CA138540-01A1 - National Cancer Institute; R01 CA134721 - National Institutes of Health; R01 GM078240 - National Institutes of Health; P50 GM67041 - National Institutes of Health; Samuel Waxman Cancer Research Foundation (SWCRF); Johnson and Johnson Clinical Innovation Award; Boston University Ignition Award; Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc.)Published versio
Directed Polymers with Random Interaction : An Exactly Solvable Case -
We propose a model for two -dimensional directed polymers subjected to
a mutual -function interaction with a random coupling constant, and
present an exact renormalization group study for this system. The exact
-function, evaluated through an expansion for second
and third moments of the partition function, exhibits the marginal relevance of
the disorder at , and the presence of a phase transition from a weak to
strong disorder regime for . The lengthscale exponent for the critical
point is . We give details of the renormalization. We
show that higher moments do not require any new interaction, and hence the
function remains the same for all moments. The method is extended to
multicritical systems involving an chain interaction. The corresponding
disorder induced phase transition for has the critical exponent
. For both the cases, an essential singularity
appears for the lengthscale right at the upper critical dimension . We
also discuss the strange behavior of an annealed system with more than two
chains with pairwise random interactions among each other.Comment: No of pages: 36, 7figures on request, Revtex3, Report No:IP/BBSR/929
TeV Scale Implications of Non Commutative Space time in Laboratory Frame with Polarized Beams
We analyze , and processes within the
Seiberg-Witten expanded noncommutative scenario using polarized beams. With
unpolarized beams the leading order effects of non commutativity starts from
second order in non commutative(NC) parameter i.e. , while with
polarized beams these corrections appear at first order () in cross
section. The corrections in Compton case can probe the magnetic
component() while in Pair production and Pair annihilation
probe the electric component() of NC parameter. We include the
effects of earth rotation in our analysis. This study is done by investigating
the effects of non commutativity on different time averaged cross section
observables. The results which also depends on the position of the collider,
can provide clear and distinct signatures of the model testable at the
International Linear Collider(ILC).Comment: 22 pages, 19 figures, new comments and references added, few typos
corrected, Published in JHE
Constraints on mixing angles of Majorana neutrinos
By combining the inputs from the neutrinoless double beta decay and the fits
of cosmological models of dark matter with solar and atmospheric neutrino data,
we obtain constraints on two of the mixing angles of Majorana neutrinos, which
become stronger when coupled with the reactor neutrino data. These constraints
are strong enough to rule out Majorana neutrinos if the small angle solution of
solar neutrino puzzle is borne out.Comment: Some corrections and clarifications adde
Phenomenology of Neutrino Oscillations
The phenomenology of solar, atmospheric, supernova and laboratory neutrino
oscillations is described. Analytical formulae for matter effects are reviewed.
The results from oscillations are confronted with neutrinoless double beta
decay.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures, latex, Plenary talk given at Workshop in High
Energy Particle Physics-6, Chennai, Indi
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