Inferring Concept Prerequisite Relations from Online Educational Resources

The Internet has rich and rapidly increasing sources of high quality educational content. Inferring prerequisite relations between educational concepts is required for modern large-scale online educational technology applications such as personalized recommendations and automatic curriculum creation. We present PREREQ, a new supervised learning method for inferring concept prerequisite relations. PREREQ is designed using latent representations of concepts obtained from the Pairwise Latent Dirichlet Allocation model, and a neural network based on the Siamese network architecture. PREREQ can learn unknown concept prerequisites from course prerequisites and labeled concept prerequisite data. It outperforms state-of-the-art approaches on benchmark datasets and can effectively learn from very less training data. PREREQ can also use unlabeled video playlists, a steadily growing source of training data, to learn concept prerequisites, thus obviating the need for manual annotation of course prerequisites.Comment: Accepted at the AAAI Conference on Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence (IAAI-19

Internetworking Transmission in Cells Loss Designing MPLS and ATM Networks

ATM is the new generation of computer and communication networks that are being deployed throughout the telecommunication industry as well as in campus black bones. OPNET is a CAD tools which is specialized in communication protocols and networks. We examine its performance and its effect on the traffic pattern in an ATM network. In this paper we also report the studies of simulation efficiency and network performance of simulated network using firewall

Traffic Control and Distributed Optimization Routing Problems in ATM Networks

Aggressive research as gigabit network has led to dramatic improvements in network transmission speeds. One result of these improvements has been to put pressure on router technology to keep peace. This paper describes a router nearly completed. This is more than fast enough to keep up with the latest transmission technology. This router has a back place speed of 50 gigabit and can forward tens of millions packet.Scheduling algorithm can be implemented on CVAR applications but in this research scheduling is implemented on CBR applications and the performance on WLAN network is enclosed by delivering different traffic load. QOS parameters [5] will be considered as the performance metrics on this study. The comparative study of various algorithms can show the best scheduling algorithm in WLAN with CBR applications.ATM was the focus of action research and significant investment in the early to mid 1990’s. This paper discuss several visions for ATM prevalent at the time and analyses how ATM evolved during this period this paper also consider the amplifications of this history for current connection oriented technologies such as optical transport network and MPLS

Cell Multiplexing and Adaptive Scheduling for Wide Area ATM Networks

The ATM UBR, GFR over ABR service categories have been designed for data. However several studies have responded poor TCP performance over satellite ATM resources. We first discuss the various design options available for TCP end systems, IP-ATM switches for long latency connections. We discuss the buffer management policies generated and rate services and the virtual stores destination options in ATM. We present comparison of ATM service categories for TCP transport over satellite links. Keywords: Video Teleconferencing, Adaptive Schedulin

Internet Traffic Control System and Mobile Broadband Communication System in ATM Networks

MPLS is an advanced forwarding scheme which allows the network to achieve the benefits provided by traffic engineering techniques. The establishment of an end to end LSP between two IP/MPLS networks inter connected through an ATM backbone is still an open issue. This focuses in an MPLS ATM environment and address problem of provisioning a fast LSP establishment with certain QOS between 2 MPLS sub networks inter connected through an ATM backbone. The PNNI is used in ATM backbone as a routing and signaling protocol. In order to achieve the paper objectives and new PNNI elements are defined and evaluated. Voice has been the primary application in wireless network to date. However packet based application and higher bandwidth requirements to sustain these applications are ever emerging. As in wire line packet based networks while IP routing is well understood IP network by itself is still not achieved and its depart on the backbone that can offer QOS guarantee. MPLS is a newer technology that offer service information layer 2 switching and connection oriented that allows traffic engineering control traffic flows in the network. The purpose of it to show how MPLS QOS Architecture can be employed to provide traffic engineering in broadband wireless network. Keywords:  Multiservice traffic, Mobile Broadband system

QOS Reliability and Improvement for Congestion Probability Routing in ATM Networks

The other primitives for switch management and control are borrowed heavily from the specified protocol. They include priority for switch configuration port and switch management VP management and permanent measurement. The protocol was implemented and integrated with the OPNET platform. Without going into specifies of the protocol we describe its design principles and show how it has affected in the protocol. Traditional connection switches include an embedded processor that implements both the switch control and network signaling. The objective of CAC is to keep the network load moderate to achieve a performance objective associated with QOS. Cell loss ratio a key QOS parameter in ATM networks is essential for proper network resources dimensioning, congestion control , bandwidth allocation and routing. Keywords: Quality of Service, Servicing Monitoring

Evaluation of MPLS Framework Congestion Control for Planning and Optimization in ATM Networks

Recent Advances in MPLS have led to development of real-time applications. Many routing protocols have been specifically designed for these applications where real-time guarantee is an essential design issue. Real-time MPLS is an existing area of research. The common objective is trying to provide timeless guarantee for resource constrained MPLS. MPLS is emerging as a flexible technology that can transport voice,. IPV4 , IPV6 layer 2 services and even PDH and SDH/SONET circuit over a single packet infrastructure in a new attempt to solve the old problem of new network convergence. MPLS traffic emerging QOS support and fast restoration capabilities can be used to provide each service with strict service level arguments in a cost efficient way several standardization and industry organization are contributing to this goal. Keywords: Congestion Control, MPLS

Cloning and functional characterization of a Na+-independent, broad-specific neutral amino acid transporter from mammalian intestine

AbstractWe have isolated a cDNA from a rabbit intestinal cDNA library which, when co-expressed with the heavy chain of the human 4F2 antigen (4F2hc) in mammalian cells, induces system L-like amino acid transport activity. This protein, called LAT2, consists of 535 amino acids and is distinct from LAT1 which also interacts with 4F2hc to induce system L-like amino acid transport activity. LAT2 does not interact with rBAT, a protein with a significant structural similarity to 4F2hc. The 4F2hc/LAT2-mediated transport process differs from the 4F2hc/LAT1-mediated transport in substrate specificity, substrate affinity, tissue distribution, interaction with D-amino acids, and pH-dependence. The 4F2hc/LAT2-associated transport process has a broad specificity towards neutral amino acids with Kt values in the range of 100–1000 μM, does not interact with D-amino acids to any significant extent, and is stimulated by acidic pH. In contrast, the 4F2hc/LAT1-associated transport process has a narrower specificity towards neutral amino acids, but with comparatively higher affinity (Kt values in the range of 10–20 μM), interacts with some D-amino acids with high affinity, and is not influenced by pH. LAT2 is expressed primarily in the small intestine and kidney, whereas LAT1 exhibits a much broader tissue distribution

Autonomy Operating System for UAVs: Pilot-in-a-Box

The Autonomy Operating System (AOS) is an open flight software platform with Artificial Intelligence for smart UAVs. It is built to be extendable with new apps, similar to smartphones, to enable an expanding set of missions and capabilities. AOS has as its foundations NASAs core flight executive and core flight software (cFEcFS). Pilot-in-a-Box (PIB) is an expanding collection of interacting AOS apps that provide the knowledge and intelligence onboard a UAV to safely and autonomously fly in the National Air Space, eventually without a remote human ground crew. Longer-term, the goal of PIB is to provide the capability for pilotless air vehicles such as air taxis that will be key for new transportation concepts such as mobility-on-demand. PIB provides the procedural knowledge, situational awareness, and anticipatory planning (thinking ahead of the plane) that comprises pilot competencies. These competencies together with a natural language interface will enable Pilot-in-a-Box to dialogue directly with Air Traffic Management from takeoff through landing. This paper describes the overall AOS architecture, Artificial Intelligence reasoning engines, Pilot-in-a-box competencies, and selected experimental flight tests to date

Aorto-renal Bifurcation Stenting in a Juvenile Non-specific Aorto-Arteritis: case report

Takayasu Arteritis (TA) is a granulomatous inflammation of unknown aetiology affecting the aorta and its major branches with usual affliction among patients younger than 50 years and rarely among children. We present a 7-years old boy referred for evaluation of hypertension. He had a significant blood pressure difference between right arm, left arm and lower limbs. Computed tomography imaging of thorax and abdomen showed stenosis of left subclavian artery, left renal artery and juxtareanl aorta which was subsequently confirmed on aortogram. He underwent percutaneous endovascular therapy with aorto-renal bifurcation stenting with reduction of blood pressure and gradient. Renal angioplasty with stenting remains a challenging procedure in patients with tight ostial lesion, and juxtarenal aortic involvement in lieu of precise stent placement and avoiding side branch occlusion