Knowledge and Practice of Active Management of Third Stage of Labour among Nursing Students in Selected school of Nursing, Karaikal

A collection of three components makes up Active Management of Third Stage of Labour, a preventative intervention. Active management of the third stage of labor has been endorsed by the WHO as a crucial strategy for PPH prevention. The study's objective was to evaluate nursing students at a selected school of nursing in Karaikal understanding. Materials and Methods: Researchers used a descriptive co-relational study design with a quantitative approach, choosing 40 students using an easy sample method. Data were gathered using an observational checklist and a validated structured knowledge questionnaire. The tool underwent pre-testing and reliability analysis, and it was confirmed to be trustworthy. Results: The findings revealed that majority of the students i.e. out of 40 students, 33 (82.5%) had average knowledge, 5 (15%) students had poor knowledge and 1 (2.5%) had good knowledge. Majority 21 (52.5%) had poor practice and 19 (47.5%) had good practice on AMTSL. Among nursing students, there was a significant association between knowledge and practice of AMTSL, indicating that practice of AMTSL improves as knowledge increases. Additionally, there was a correlation between practice and the quantity of return demonstrations presented to the supervisor. Conclusion: In order to effectively use Active Management of Third Stage of Labor, prevent post-partum hemorrhage and other obstetric complications that could endanger the women's lives, nurses and other birth attendants must be knowledgeable about this technique. The best method for lowering the maternal death rate is knowledge-based skill

Labor Care Training Programme for Among Year Nursing Students In terms of Knowledge and Skill by using Objective Structure Clinical Evaluation

Every year, out of an estimated 120 million pregnancies that occur worldwide, about half a million women die because of complications of pregnancy and childbirth. Maternal and Neonatal mortality is unacceptably high. Globally, 303000 women and 2.7 million neonates died in 2015. There is a paradigm shift toward the third delay rather than the first or second delay. The Government of India has taken the initiative to strengthen nursing students' SBA to achieve SDG-3 was targeted by 2030. So, there is a need for skilled assistance during labour is a very important and key service to reduce the rates of maternal mortality and morbidity rates. The study was conducted to assess the knowledge and skill of the labour care Training Programme among final-year nursing student

Evaluation of premetastatic changes in lymph nodes(pN0) of oral tongue tumour: A prospective observational Study [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]

Background: Tongue tumors show intra and inter-tumoral heterogenicity with high incidence, relapse and mortality rates necessitating further research.  Recurrence/metastasis that occurs  after surgical resection of primary cancer is often the reason for poor survival in these patients.  Lymph nodes are the most common site of metastasis in tongue tumors. Therefore, premetastatic molecular changes can be best evaluated in lymph nodes which may epitomize the earliest events in the metastasis cascades. The presence of circulating tumor cells(CTCs) in the absence of nodal disease (N0) may represent tumor aggressiveness, suggesting an immune escape which may have high metastatic potential. This trial  was developed  to investigate the earliest pre-metastatic changes which may regulate tumor dormancy and predict metastasis. A better understanding of organotropism or pre-metastatic changes can help in theragnostic, thereby  preventing the outbreak of overt metastasis.  Methods: A single-institutional prospective observational cohort study. This trial will be conducted at a tertiary care Centre (Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Kochi).  Eligible patients will be enrolled after obtaining informed consent. The dissected lymph nodes will  be subjected to histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses for premetastatic niche (PMN) formation. In addition, circulating tumor cells will be evaluated before treatment and 6 months after treatment. The patients will be followed  up for a period of two years to correlate the findings with the recurrence-free survival. Expected results:  The pre-metastatic changes, if detected will  be  a predictive biomarker. It may help to define future drug targets for metastasis chemoprevention   . CTCs may  define the tumor aggressiveness ,there by  prognostication  and helps in better disease management. Ethics and dissemination: The study has received the following approval: Ethics Committee of Amrita School of Medicine (ECASM-AIMS-2022-048).Trial Registered Prospectively( CTRI/2022/03/041256 ) on 22/03/2022 under Clinical Trial Registry of Indi

Association of Socio-demographic Characteristics with Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Solid Waste Management

The aim of this study was to explore the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of women's solid waste management Practices in Rameshwaram, Ramanthapuram District, Tamil Nadu, India, to provide a framework for experts and decision-makers to establish or enhance realistic solid waste management (SWM) strategies. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 400 women respondents, data were collected using a standardized questionnaire on socio-economic characteristics and SWM. Results suggested that there was correlation between age, population, occupation and annual income of women with KAP to minimize, reuse, recycle and recover SWM. Implementing training programmes andencouraging municipalities and decision-makers to boost women's environmental performance could significantly promote SWM strategies

Detection of Outliers through Influence Function on Affinity

Outliers are the atypical observations that lie at abnormal distances from the other observations in a random sample. Such outliers are often seen as contaminating the data. In general, the rejection of influential outliers improves the accuracy of the estimators and so the results with the identification of outliers have become the most important aspect in any data analysis. Outlier detection finds many applications in the areas such as data cleaning, fraud detection, network intrusion, pharmaceutical research and exploration in science data buses. The distance based outlier detection is the most commonly used method. In this paper, the influence function for affinity is explained and the detection of outliers in classification problems using influence function for affinity is illustrated for univariate data through a few examples

Detection of Outliers through Influence Function on Affinity

Outliers are the atypical observations that lie at abnormal distances from the other observations in a random sample. Such outliers are often seen as contaminating the data. In general, the rejection of influential outliers improves the accuracy of the estimators and so the results with the identification of outliers have become the most important aspect in any data analysis. Outlier detection finds many applications in the areas such as data cleaning, fraud detection, network intrusion, pharmaceutical research and exploration in science data buses. The distance based outlier detection is the most commonly used method. In this paper, the influence function for affinity is explained and the detection of outliers in classification problems using influence function for affinity is illustrated for univariate data through a few examples

Knowledge and attitude of nursing students towards objective structure clinical evaluation

Ronald Harden introduced OSCE (Objective structured clinical examination) for the first time in medical education in 1975 at the Dundee University, Scot J and to assess the skills and clinical performance of students. Now, it is used in other branches of  health sciences including nursing, dentistry and pharmacy OSCE has become a popular tool for assessing competence  in clinical nursing It has been used in medical schools for both formative and summative assessment to validate clinical skills by using standardized patients”.In the last two decades, rapid and extensive changes happened in student assessment methods of medical education. Many of the assessment methods have been developed and mainly concentrated on clinical procedural ability, conveying skills and Professionalism The OSCE is defined as "an approach to the assessment of clinical competence in which the components of competence are assessed well planned or structured way with attention being paid to objectivity”. The OSCE is becoming or prevalent within healthcare education programmes because it is regarded as a useful method for meaning skills and underpinning knowledge required for practice During the OSCE examination, students rotate around a circuit of stations on a timed basis

Premetastatic niche: A novel area for research in metastasis with a potential as therapeutic targeting in oral cancer

Premetastatic niche (PMN) concept, introduced by David Lyden and colleagues, is an area that can support cancer cells to nurture in it, but the area itself being bereft of cancerous cells. It provides a microenvironment that is congenial for tumor invasion, endurance, and or proliferation of malignant cells to develop into metastasis. These are noncancerous variations in a tumor-free organ and are the most primitive indications of metastasis. These may have a potential to serve as a diagnostic aid, prognostic biomarkers, and therapeutic target. Nevertheless, there is still no clear elucidation on diverse trails of tumor metastasis via lymphatic or hematogenous route, especially in relationship with the PMN. In this review, contemporary knowledge associated with nodal premetastatic niche formation with forthcoming directions on translational and clinical research is deliberated

Odd and Even Switching Pattern in PV Generation System Coupled SHEPWM Inverter to Reduce Harmonics in Grid

Abstract — In this paper grid connected photovoltaic generation system to mitigate the lower order harmonics by using SHE PWM inverter is discussed. In Renewable sources, solar photovoltaic system is more flexible and pollution free. Then SHE PWM inverter is used to maintain the output voltage with reduced selective harmonics ( 5 th, 7 th, 11 th, 13 th). The system is proposed to reduce selective harmonics in the output using optimized SHEPWM inverter. The switching angle is calculated using GA Tool. The analysis can be done with grid connected photovoltaic system through SHE PWM inverter. The proposed design will be done by using Matlab simulation results can be observed. Keywords — photovoltaic (pv) generation system, selective Harmonic Elimination- Pulse width modulation (SHE-PWM) inverter. I

Compliance with follow-up in patients with diabetic macular edema: Eye care center vs. diabetes care center

Purpose: The study was conducted to compare the compliance to intravitreal injection treatment and follow-up in patients with center-involving diabetic macular edema (CI-DME) and treatment outcomes between a tertiary eye care facility and a tertiary diabetes care center. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on treatment naïve DME patients who had received intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections in 2019. Participants were people with type 2 diabetes who were under regular care at the eye care center or the diabetes care center in Chennai. The outcome measures were noted at months 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12. Results: A review of 136 patients treated for CI-DME (72 from the eye care center and 64 from a diabetes care center) was carried out. The severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) was similar in both centers. There was no statistically significant (P > 0.05) difference in the choice of initial intravitreal drug in the two centers. At 12-month follow-up, only 29.16% came for a follow-up in the eye center vs. 76.56% in a diabetes care center (P = 0.000). The multivariate logistic regression showed increasing age was associated with non-compliance in both the groups (eye care center: odds ratio [OR] 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.82–1.21; P = 0.044) and diabetes care center (OR 1.15; 95% CI 1.02–1.29; P = 0.020). Conclusion: The follow-up rate between eye care and diabetic care center with DME showed a significant disparity. By providing comprehensive diabetes care for all complications under one roof, compliance with follow-up can be improved in people with DME