Coaching efficacy among Malaysian SUKMA 2012 coaches / Raja Nurul Jannat Raja Hussain

Coaches have the responsibility in guiding the athletes to be successful in their sports performance by helping in improving their skills. One of the factors that may influence athletes to be able to perform at their optimal level is through their beliefs in their coaches carrying out the duties to coach. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences among Malaysian SUKMA 2012 coaches with regard to their playing experience, coaching experience, and coaching courses attended with coaching efficacy. A total of 323 coaches who coached in Sukan Malaysia (SUKMA 2012) which were selected through purposive sampling participated in this study. Coaching Efficacy Scale (CES) questionnaire was used to measure the coaches coaching efficacy. Results showrd that the coaches’ level of coaching efficacy was high for all subscales namely character building (M= 7.97, SD = .64), motivation (M = 7.91, SD = .58), technique (M= 7.91, SD = .64), and game strategy (M= 7.84, SD = .60). There was a significant difference for coaches’ level of playing experience (p<.05) in motivation and character building efficacy. Coaching experience also showed significant difference (/K.05) in all subscales of coaching efficacy. Level of coaching courses attended (p<.05) did showed significant difference, however, only in motivation subscale. Furthermore, multiple regression showed there was a significant relationship {F (6, 316) = 14.76,/K0.001} in both level of coaching courses attended and level of playing experience that coaches have with the overall coaching efficacy. In conclusion, coaches who have both playing experience and attend to coaching course helped in enhancing their level of coaching efficacy

Reliability of Zepp baseball on batting velocity / Raja Nurul Jannat Raja Hussain … [et al.]

In baseball and softball sports, one of the important characteristic of a successful hitter is having a fast bat swing velocity. Therefore, it is crucial to measure changes of batting velocity in training and during competitive matches. This paper quantifies the reliability of a small wearable sensor that was designed to be used in baseball and softball sports. An inertial measurement unit (IMU) manufactured by Zepp Lab, USA was used to measure the batting velocity in softball. A single female collegiate softball player completed sixty tee swings of two pre-determined swing velocities. Results from moderate velocity Vm (25.5 ± 3.5 m/s), and fast velocity range Vf (34.5 ± 3.5 m/s) were obtained. Data were collected concurrently with a 3- Dimensional (3D) motion analysis system (Qualisys Motion Capture). The reliability of the IMU was determined based on the Pearson Correlation and Intraclass Correlation (ICC) values between the IMU and the 3D data. Results indicated strong and moderate correlation between the IMU and the 3D data (Vm, r = 0.89; Vf, r = 0.59). The ICC for Vm (0.89) showed strong agreement, while fair agreement showed for Vf (0.37). However, for a total of sixty swings of two different velocities showed almost perfect agreement (ICC = 0.94). These results indicate that the Zepp Baseball device has an acceptable level of reliability in measuring batting velocity during different swing velocity ranges and it is suitable to be use in a softball-related research environment