Application of Nanotechnology Solutions in Plants Fertilization

Post-modern society is viewed nowadays as a technologized society, where the great solutions to human problems can be solved by the progress of technology in economics from classical industry to communications. In the last years, nanotechnology is called to play an important part in the global food production, food security and food safety in the sense that the use of nanoscale micronutrients conduced to suppressing crop disease and the relationship between nutritional status and plant diseases is investigated. Nanomaterials are capable to penetrate into cells of herbs; they can carry DNA and other chemical compounds in the cells extending the possibility in plant biotechnology to target special gene manipulation. It is important to note that the concentration, plant organ or tissue, exposure rate, elemental form, plant species, and exposure dosage (chronic/acute) affect the plant response and in particular the distinct stress response. The complex process of utilization nanoparticles in agriculture has to be monitored to a level that avoids further environmental contamination. The present and future use of nanoparticles as micronutrients is affected by different risks related to nanotoxicity of micronutrients, a problem to be solved by an appropriate and safe circuit of nanoparticles in soil, water, plants and at last in human organism

Histological aspects concerning the stomach of grass snake Natrix Natrix

Recent studies have described the importance of snakes, in relation to their utility in several medicinal fields. However, gaps are common in the field of snake histology, which is part of the basic knowledge on these animals. Similarly, not enough information has been published on the digestive system of the grass snake (Natrix natrix). Natrix natrix was first described in 1758, by Linnaeus. It is sometimes called the ringed snake or water snake, and it belongs to Reptilia Class, Squamata Order, Serpentes Suborder, Colubridae Family, Natrix Genus. The grass snake is widely distributed in mainland Europe, northern Africa and the Middle East. It is considered one of the most common snakes in Romania. The gastric wall reveals four layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscular layer and serosa. The mucosa has projections to the lumen, similar to those of the mammals and is composed of a lining epithelium with non-ciliated simple columnar cells (cambered), lamina propria and gastric glands. Lamina propria is composed of richly vascularized connective tissue. Two categories of glands were observed: mucosal glands, located on top, made of mucosal cells, with flattened nuclei at basal pole and vacuolar cytoplasm; serous glands, located at the bottom, made of serous cells, with central spherical nuclei and intensely colored cytoplasm. The submucosa is well represented and richly vascularized. The muscle layer of the wall was composed of an inner circular, and an outer longitudinal layer. the maximum thickness is associated with the posterior area. The serosa is composed of richly vascularized and innervated connective tissue

Research on hematological pattern of hemolitic and posthemorrhagic anemia in dogs

In this paper we attempted to perform a haematological characterization of posthemorrhagic and haemolytic anaemia in dogs because these two types of anaemia have an increased incidence in canine pathology. The research was conducted on 20 different breeds of dogs with different ages that were divided into two experimental groups as follows: - group 1 was made up of 10 dogs with disorders that induce haemolytic anaemia (babesiosis and IMHA), - group 2 was made up of 10 dogs with diseases that induce posthaemorrhagic anaemia (multiple traumatic injuries after car accidents, tumors that can generate haemorrhages, surgery, etc.). To perform haematological determinations, we used a Diagon D-cell 30 blood analyzer and we made the following determinations: RBC, Hb, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, WBC, %Neutophils, %Eosinophils, %Basophils, %Lymphocytes and %Monocytes. Our research has led to the following conclusions: 1. Anaemia induced by haemolytic mechanism was more intense than that one induced by posthaemorrhagic mechanism. Both haematocrit and haemoglobin have lower values in the case of haemolytic anaemia compared to the posthaemorrhagic anaemia; 2. Anaemia induced by haemolytic mechanism was accompanied by statistically significant leucopenia; 3. A statistically significant neutrophilia was found in case of posthaemorrhagic anaemia; 4. A statistically significant eosinophilia was found in case of haemolytic anaemia

Research on swine stomach histological structure

In histological examination we noticed histostructural pigs cheeks, as evidanced by the buccal mucosa, muscle layer and skin. Connective tissue is dense semimodelat, predominantly collagen fibres arranged in bundles. Seromucoase is observed numerous small glands, blood supply and innervation rich. Lingual mucosa, stratified squamous epithelium presents a slightly keratinized. Lingual mucosa appears smooth on the ventral side of the tongue and the lingual papillae on the dorsal presents represented: conical papillae, filliform papillae, fungiform papillae, papillae and buds tinted circumvalate. The tongue is an organ formed musculo-membranous striated muscle tissue oriented in different planes, blood vessels, nervous and glandular formations. The tongue has a stratified squamous epithelium covered with a slightly keratinized tissue, and in the back of the tongue called pappilae are very protruding. The buccal mucosa consists of stratified squamous epithelium keratinized slightly, showing a histostructural lamina propria of loose connective tissue and glands tubulo-acinar forming intramural salivary glands. With 10x objective type mucosa is observed on the dorsal sensory, stratified squamous epithelium is keratinized and lingual papillae are four types: filiform, fungiform, tinted and circumvalate. Lamina propria under the epithelium and consists of dense connective tissue, salivary glands are presented thin lingual mucous or mixed type. Body mass is mostly muscular, skeletal muscle consists of bundles arranged in different planes Tongue muscle consists of striated muscle fibres bundles sectioned longitudinal, transverse or horizontal. Striated muscle fibres are oriented in different planes, with characteristic cross-banding. Between striated muscle fibres of connective tissue, are present numerous fibroelastic, blood vessels and nerves

ROMANIAN RED BIOTECHNOLOGY - BLENDING TRADITION WITH STATE OF THE ART IN THE EUROPEAN AND INTERNATIONAL FRAMEWORK

The biotechnology field has grown rapidly in recent years. Much attention is given to the potential of the biotechnology industry, from drugs and medical devices to environmental products which have the potential to generate tremendous opportunities for society, by improving the quality of health care and producing a cleaner environment. Redbiotechnology, or medical biotechnology, is one of the branches of the biotechnology and utilizes the organism to improve health, both in the pharmaceutical and medical sectors, mainly bringing all the biotechnology applications to medicine. Romanian potential was recognized by important biotech companies as an attractive destination for biotechnology research development. Currently running large programs for research, development, and innovation, regulated within a national implementation strategy, and with an attractive higher education offer, Romania is contributing to biotech advances and has great potential for development of biological pharmaceutical products. It also represents a valuable and promising partner for future international collaborations as biotechnology continues to evolve and will remain a major field of innovation and development in many areas of the world

Biological and Physico-Chemical Properties of Composite Layers Based on Magnesium-Doped Hydroxyapatite in Chitosan Matrix

In the present study, we report the development and characterization of composite layers (by spin coating) based on magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite in a chitosan matrix, (Ca10−xMgx(PO4)6(OH)2; xMg = 0, 0.08 and 0.3; HApCh, 8MgHApCh and 30MgHApCh). The MgHApCh composite layers were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. The in vitro biological evaluation included the assessment of their cytotoxicity on MG63 osteoblast-like cells and antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 fungal cell lines. The results of the physico-chemical characterization highlighted the obtaining of uniform and homogeneous composite layers. In addition, the biological assays demonstrated that the increase in the magnesium concentration in the samples enhanced the antifungal effect but also decreased their cytocompatibility. However, for certain optimal magnesium ion concentrations, the composite layers presented both excellent biocompatibility and antifungal properties, suggesting their promising potential for biomedical applications in both implantology and dentistry

Preparation and Characterization of Dextran Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Thin Layers

In the present study, we report the synthesis of a dextran coated iron oxide nanoparticles (DIO-NPs) thin layer on glass substrate by an adapted method. The surface morphology of the obtained samples was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), optical, and metallographic microscopies. In addition, the distribution of the chemical elements into the DIO-NPs thin layer was analyzed by Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectrometry (GDOES). Furthermore, the chemical bonds formed between the dextran and iron oxide nanoparticles was investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Additionally, the HepG2 viability incubated with the DIO-NPs layers was evaluated at different time intervals using MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The goal of this study was to obtain a DIO-NPs thin layer which could be used as a coating for medical devices such as microfluidic channel, microchips, and catheter. The results of the surface morphology investigations conducted on DIO-NPs thin layer suggests the presence of a continuous and homogeneous layer. In addition, the GDOES results indicate the presence of C, H, Fe, and O signal intensities characteristic to the DIO-NPs layers. The presence in the IR spectra of the Fe-CO metal carbonyl vibration bonds prove that the linkage between iron oxide nanoparticles and dextran take place through carbon–oxygen bonds. The cytotoxicity assays highlighted that HepG2 cells morphology did not show any noticeable modifications after being incubated with DIO-NPs layers. In addition, the MTT assay suggested that the DIO-NPs layers did not present any toxic effects towards HEpG2 cells