7 research outputs found
Digital design protection in Europe : law, trends, and emerging issues
Digital designs – that is, designs for display on electronic screens – have recently burst onto the intellectual property (IP) stage. While in the U.S. a smattering of legal studies have recently addressed the question of digital design as a copyright -, rademark - and patent - eligible subject matter, a European perspective is still lacking in the literature. This study provides an overview of basic legal background to the protection of digital designs in Europe, explores firms’ actual digital design protection behaviors, and highlights some important practical and doctrinal issues that warrant further study
Formalization model of expert knowledge about a technical index level of engineering products
The authors set a timely problem that concerns development of decision making models, which allow formalizing expert subjective ideas about technical index level of engineering products. The authors proposed a formalization model of expert knowledge about technical index level of engineering products on the basis of fuzzy sets. The model has a method of membership-function construction for linguistic variable terms on the basis of exponential functions
Protecting aesthetic innovations? An exploration of the use of registered community designs
Highly Efficient CO<sub>2</sub> Sorbents: Development of Synthetic, Calcium-Rich Dolomites
The reaction of CaO with CO<sub>2</sub> is a promising
approach
for separating CO<sub>2</sub> from hot flue gases. The main issue
associated with the use of naturally occurring CaCO<sub>3</sub>, that
is, limestone, is the rapid decay of its CO<sub>2</sub> capture capacity
over repeated cycles of carbonation and calcination. Interestingly,
dolomite, a naturally occurring equimolar mixture of CaCO<sub>3</sub> and MgCO<sub>3</sub>, possesses a CO<sub>2</sub> uptake that remains
almost constant with cycle number. However, owing to the large quantity
of MgCO<sub>3</sub> in dolomite, the total CO<sub>2</sub> uptake is
comparatively small. Here, we report the development of a synthetic
Ca-rich dolomite using a coprecipitation technique, which shows both
a very high and a stable CO<sub>2</sub> uptake over repeated cycles
of calcination and carbonation. To obtain such an excellent CO<sub>2</sub> uptake characteristic it was found to be crucial to mix the
Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> on a molecular level, that is,
within the crystalline lattice. For sorbents which were composed of
mixtures of microscopic crystals of CaCO<sub>3</sub> and MgCO<sub>3</sub>, a decay behavior similar to natural limestone was observed.
After 15 cycles, the CO<sub>2</sub> uptake of the best sorbent was
0.51 g CO<sub>2</sub>/g sorbent exceeding the CO<sub>2</sub> uptake
of limestone by almost 100%