Oxygen saturation and reported AMS scores at different altitudes.

<p>AMS-c, cerebral score of the environmental symptoms questionnaire score; AMS-LL, acute mountain sickness according to Lake Louise AMS protocol; BC, basecamp, C1–3; camps 1–3; IQR, interquartile range; SpO₂, pulse oximetric arterial oxygen saturation.</p><p>Oxygen saturation and reported AMS scores at different altitudes.</p

Oxygen saturation of all climbers during the expedition.

<p>Oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry of all climbers during the expedition. Oxygen saturation measurements of subjects with new findings in post-expedition MRI are indicated in color.</p

Comparison of subjects with and without new MRI findings.

<p>AMS-c, cerebral score of the environmental symptoms questionnaire score; AMS-LL, acute mountain sickness according to Lake Louise AMS protocol; SpO₂, pulse oximetric arterial oxygen saturation.</p><p>Comparison of subjects with and without new MRI findings.</p

Partial volume estimate fractions at baseline and changes between baseline and post-expedition imaging.

<p>Top: Age dependence of the percentages of the partial volume estimates for cerebro-spinal fluid, grey matter and white matter during baseline testing. Means and standard deviations are reported at the bottom of the panels. Bottom: Partial volume estimates fraction change between baseline and post-expedition imagining as a function of age. Means and standard deviations are reported at the bottom of the panels. At the top of the panels the results of a one-sample t-test of the hypothesis that the mean PVE change is zero are given.</p

Imaging findings pre- and post-expedition in subjects with new microhemorrhages after the climb.

<p>Subject A: Comparison of SWI (MinIP) in pre- and post-expedition MRI shows a new solitary microhemorrhage (indicated by arrow). SWI of Subject B and SWI (MinIP) of subject C show multiple new microhemorrhages of the corpus callosum visible in post-expedition MRI (arrows).</p

Mean values and 95% confidence intervals for the different TOIs.

<p>In (a.) the TPM-VARI results are displayed with monotonically increasing values for NELs; (b.) the TPM-VAVA parameter has a different time behavior that (a.). The mean values of TPM-SKEW (c.) and TPM-KURT (b.) show only little differences for the examined TOIs.</p

Details of patients included in the study.

<p>MS  =  Multiple Sclerosis; RRMS  =  relapsing-remitting MS; SPMS  =  secondary-progressive MS, CIS  =  clinically isolated syndrome; TL  =  tumefactive lesion; EL  =  enhancing lesion; DMT  =  disease modifying treatment; N/A  =  not applicable.</p

Overview of all texture parameters for which there exist statistical significant differences between all three TOIs.

<p>The significance levels of the one way ANOVA and the multiple Wilcoxon sum rank tests are indicated.</p

Relation between the original EPI raw image time series (ORIG-TPM) and derived image time series.

<p>The “difference image time series” (TPM-DIFF) is obtained by subtracting the -th image from the first image, resulting in an image series for which holds that, the brighter the voxel, the more contrast agent is present at that location at the specific point in time. All other histogram based TPMs are derived from the TPM-DIFF image series and are computed over the same voxel-region in order to improve SNR: local average (TPM-AVE, moving averaged version of TPM-DIFF), local variance (TPM-VAR), local standard deviation (TPM-STDEV), local skewness (TPM-SKEW), local kurtosis (TPM-KURT) and local variance of variance (TPM-VAVA). Since each texture map is an image itself, the statistical parameters of a user defined TOIs can be computed for each TPM denoted by the boxes denoted with “Compute TOI statistics”. For each TPM and each TOI the following statistical parameters were computed: mean, standard deviation, variance, variance-in-variance, skewness, and kurtosis.</p

All ANOVA test values, and Wilcoxon sum rank test results (p-values) for all statistical parameters and for all time periods of the TMP-STDEV texture parameter map.

<p>The program did not determine the skewness and kurtosis during the base line period and are therefore indicated by “n.a”.</p