Synthesis and Characterization of Polymeric Material Consisting on Acrylamide Catalyzed by Maghnite (Algerian MMT) under Microwave Irradiation

Intercalation of acrylamide into interlayer spaces of natural montmorillonite called maghnite (Algerian MMT) by the free solvent polymerization technique under microwave irradiation was studied. The transformation was carried out with using both the raw (maghnite-Na fin) and treated clay (maghnite-Na+ fin) in aqueous sodium hydroxide NaOH solution (1 M). It was shown that no initial modification of the layered mineral (by ion-exchange with Na+ cations or organophilization) is needed for the successful introduction of anionic hydrogels into the interlayer gallery. The goal of the present study was to synthesis anionic polyacrylamide/maghnite composite with similar composition and structure to that synthesized of other catalyst. Maghnite catalyst has a significant role in the industrial scale. In fact, the use of maghnite is preferred for its many advantages: a very low purchase price compared to other catalysts, the easy removal of the reaction mixture. The anionic sodium-clay polyacrylamide material exhibited a tendency to the formation of exfoliated structure. The synthesized hydrogels, as monitored by the swelling behavior were characterized by Fourier transform infrared and 1HNMR analysis

Green Synthesis of Cationic Polyacrylamide Composite Catalyzed by An Ecologically Catalyst Clay Called Maghnite-H+ (Algerian MMT) Under Microwave Irradiation

In this study, a novel green cationic hydrogel of cationic polyacrylamide composite have been prepared and investigated. The synthesis of green cationic polyacrylamide composite was evaluated for its solubility in water. The reactions were performed using acrylamide monomer, solvent, catalyst (clay fin called maghnite) and solution of  H2SO4 (0.25 M), with the system under microwave irradiation (160 ºC) for 4 min. Major factors affecting the polymerization reaction were studied with a view to discover appropriate conditions for preparation of the composite. The cationic polyacrylamide obtained is the subject of future studies of modification and transformation. The resulting polymer has been characterized by a variety of characterization techniques, such as: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra and 1H NMR spectra. 

Methyl Methacrylate and Alpha-Methyl Styrene: New Strategy for Synthesis of Bloc Copolymers for Use in Potential Biomedical Applications Generated by an Ecologic Catalyst Called Maghnite (Algerian MMT)

A new model for synthesis of the plastics, block copolymers were prepared from methyl methacrylate (MMA) and alpha-methyl styrene (α-MS) by cationic copolymerization in the presence of a new and efficient catalyst of “Maghnite-Na” at 0 °C in bulk. In this paper, the copolymerization of α-MS and MMA was induced in heterogeneous phase catalyzed by Maghnite-Na was investigated under suitable conditions. The “Maghnite-Na” is a montmorillonite sheet silicate clay, with exchanged sodium cations to produce Na-Montmorillonite (Na+-MMT) obtained from Tlemcen, Algeria, was investigated to remove heavy metal ion from wastewater as an efficient catalyst for cationic polymerization of many vinylic and heterocyclic monomers. The synthesized copolymer were characterized by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR-1H, NMR-13C), FT-IR spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) to elucidate structural characteristics and thermal properties of the resulting copolymers. The structure compositions of “MMT”, “H+-MMT” and “Na+-MMT” have been developed. The effect of the MMA/α-MS molar ratio on the rate of copolymerization, the amount of catalyst, temperature and time of copolymerization on yield of copolymers was studied. The yield of copolymerization depends on the amount of Na+-MMT used and the reaction time. The kinetic studies indicated that the polymerization rate is first order with respect to monomer concentration. A possible mechanism of this cationic polymerization is discussed based on the results of the 1H-NMR Spectroscopic analysis of these model reactions. A cationic mechanism for the reaction studies showed that monomer was inserted into the growing chains.

Selective Synthesis, Characterization and Kinetics Studies of poly(α-Methyl styrene) induced by Maghnite-Na+ Clay (Algerian MMT)

A new and efficient catalyst of Na-Montmorillonite (Na+-MMT) was employed in this paper for α-methylstyrene (AMS) cationic polymerization. Maghnite clay, obtained from Tlemcen Algeria, was investigated to remove heavy metal ion from wastewater. “Maghnite-Na” is a Montmorillonite sheet silicate clay, exchanged with sodium as an efficient catalyst for cationic polymerization of many vinylic and heterocyclic monomers. The various techniques, including 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, IR, DSC and Ubbelohde viscometer, were used to elucidate structural characteristics and thermal properties of the resulting polymers. The structure compositions of “MMT”, “H+-MMT” and “Na+-MMT” have been developed. It was found that the cationic polymerization of AMS is initiated by Na+-MMT at 0 °C in bulk and in solution. The influences of reaction temperature, solvent, weight ratio of initiator/monomer and reaction time on the yield of monomer and the molecular weight are investigated. The kinetics indicated that the polymerization rate is first order with respect to the monomer concentration. A possible mechanism of this cationic polymerization is discussed based on the results of the 1H-NMR Spectroscopic analysis of these model reactions. A cationic mechanism for the reaction was proposed. From the mechanism studies, it was showed that monomer was inserted into the growing chains

Structural Investigation: Anionic Polymerization of Acrylamide under Microwave Irradiation using Maghnite-Na+ Clay (Algerien MMT) as Initiator

Intercalation of acrylamide into interlayer spaces of natural  montmorillonite called maghnite (Algerian MMT) by the free solvent polymerization technique under micowave irradiation was studied. The transformation was carried out with using both the raw (Maghnite-Na fin) and treated clay (Maghnite-Na+ fin) in aqueous sodium hydroxide NaOH solution (1 M). It was shown that no initial modification of the layered mineral (by ion-exchange with Na+ cations or organophilization) is needed for the successful introduction of anionic hydrogels into the interlayer gallery. The goal of the present study was to synthesis anionic polyacrylamide/Maghnite composite with similar composition and structure to that synthesized of other catalyst. The Maghnite catalyst has a significant role in the industrial scale. In fact, the use of Maghnite is preferred for its many advantages: a very low purchase price compared to other catalysts, the easy removal of the reaction mixture. The anionic sodium-clay polyacrylamide material exhibited a tendency to the formation of exfoliated structure. The synthesized hydrogels, as monitored by the swelling behavior, were characterized by Fourier transform infrared and 1HNMR analysis. Copyright © 2018 BCREC Group. All rights reserved Received: 24th June 2017; Revised: 13rd December 2017; Accepted: 14th December 2017; Available online: 11st June 2018; Published regularly: 1st August 2018 How to Cite: Rahmouni, R., Belbachir, M., Ayat, M. (2018). Structural Investigation: Anionic Polymerization of Acrylamide under Microwave Irradiation using Maghnite-Na+ Clay (Algerien MMT) as Initiator. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 13 (2): 262-274 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.13.2.1308.262-274

Synthesis and Characterization of PANI and Block Copolymer PANI-b-PEO Catalyzed by Maghnite (AlgerianMMT): Electrical and Electronic Domain

Polyaniline (PANI) and its block copolymer (PANI-PEO2000) has been prepared under effect of Maghnite-H+ (Algerian MMT) in different weight percentage (wt %) by cationic polymerization method. The structure of PANI and PANI-PEO2000 is predicted by the FT-IR and 1HNMR spectra. The thermal stability of homopolymer and block copolymer is confirmed by difference scanning calorimetry and analysis thermogravimetry. So after this results we can suggest that our heterogeneous catalyst called maghnite (Algerian MMT) can modified the morphology and the physical chemical properties of polyaniline (PANI) and its homolog block polyaniline-b-poly ethylene oxide (PANI-b-PEO2000) in the mild conditions under microwave irradiation

Highly Conductive and Soluble Polymer Synthesized by Copolymerization of Thiophene with Para-Methoxybenzaldehyde Using Clay Catalyst

This present research focuses on the synthesis of a new conducting polymer based on the copolymerization of thiophene with para-methoxybenzaldehyde, using a clay as an ecologic catalyst named Maghnite-H+. The catalysis of the reaction by Maghnite-H+ can confer it important benefits, such as the green environment aspect. The reaction was carried out in dichloromethane as a solvent. The new copolymer obtained is a poly (heteroarylene methines) small bandgap polymers precursor. It can be considered as a useful model system for examining the impacts of π-conjugation length on the electronic properties of this type of conjugated polymers. The measurements of the electrical conductivity gave a value of order of 0.0120 W.cm-1, allowing its use in various important applications. The characteristics of the molecular structure and the thermal behavior of the conducting polymer obtained are also discussed using different methods of analysis, such as: proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Copyright © 2019 BCREC Group. All rights reserve

Thermally Stable Forms of Pure Polyaniline Catalyzed by an Acid-Exchanged Montmorillonite Clay Called Maghnite- as an Effective Catalyst

Polyaniline salt form (PANI-ES) was synthesized by oxidative polymerization of aniline using potassium persulfate as an oxidant and an acid-exchanged montmorillonite clay called Maghnite-H+ as an effective catalyst. The clay, which was used as a catalyst, was supplied by a local company known as ENOF Maghnia (Western Algeria). The chemical stability of PANI has been investigated by thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, that a good thermal stability of PANI could be improved by combining PANI with montmorillonite. TGA results illustrated that there were two major stages for weight loss of the ES-form PANI powder sample. The different forms of PANI were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and H-NMR spectroscopy and conductivity measurements