Multi-step particle emission probabilities in superheavy nuclei at moderate excitation energies

The probabilities of $xn$-, $pxn$-, and $\alpha xn$-evaporation channels in excited superheavy nuclei were evaluated using the Monte Carlo method. The calculations utilized microscopically determined nuclear level densities and were compared with results obtained from the phenomenological Jackson formula. Effective temperatures derived from the microscopic approach were incorporated into the Jackson formula for different evaporation channels at low and moderate excitation energies. Additionally, an analytical formula was introduced to estimate the average kinetic energy of emitted particles in multi-step processes.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure

Entropies, level-density parameters, and fission probabilities along the triaxially- and axially-symmetric fission paths in 296^{296}Lv

We employ a statistical approach to investigate the influence of axial asymmetry on the nuclear level density and entropy along the fission pathways of a superheavy nucleus, explicitly focusing on the $^{296}$Lv isotope. These pathways are determined within multidimensional deformation spaces. Our analysis reveals a significant impact of triaxiality on entropy. Additionally, suppressing shell effects can alter the fission scenario depending on the available excitation energy. We derive the deformation-dependent level density parameter, which plays a crucial role in estimating the survival probability of a superheavy nucleus. Furthermore, we utilize a set of master equations to obtain the time-dependent fission probabilities and calculate the ratio of decay probabilities for both axial and triaxial paths.Comment: submitted to PR

Substrate

In an attempt to enhance the desired properties of textile substrates, hybrid fluorocarbon coating of the wool substrate together with UV/O-3 treatment was investigated. The application of fluorocarbons on the wool fabrics was found to have some processing problems due to the chemistry and structure of the wool fiber surface. Therefore, in this research, the use of UV/Ozone as a promising and environmentally friendly fast treatment for the surface modification of the wool substrate was studied. Both-sided UV/Ozone irradiation, in comparison to only one-sided UV/Ozone irradiation, resulted in the slightly better performance as evaluated for both pad-dry-cure and print-dry-cure fluorocarbon finishing treatments. By this novel hybrid finishing, the fabric outside finished with the fluorochemical exhibited hydrophobicity with 3M water repellency of 10 and the fabric inner side, which was in contact with the human body, kept its natural desirable moisture absorption. The UV/Ozone pre-treatment, by oxidizing the topmost layer of the fibers surface, imparted better durability of the fluorocarbon treatment to repeated washings and abrasion. However, UV/Ozone irradiation process could not overcome the drawback of fluorocarbon molecules reorientation after washing and/or abrasion, but the samples retrieved their hydrophobicity after hot-pressing. Overall, after the application of this novel method (both-sided UV/Ozone modified and then fluorochemical finish treated via the print-dry-cure process) on wool fabric, the inner side of the wool fabric, which was next to the skin, could provide desirable comforting moisture absorption for human body and protect the human skin from the negative hydrophobic effects of fluorocarbon chains; moreover, the outer side of the wool fabric exhibited highly durable (to repeated washings and abrasion) water and oil repellency properties to the outside world, helping the wool fabric display better dimensional stability with less shrinkage performance after repeated washings and higher air-permeability performance without detrimental effects on the tensile properties

pre-treatment and fluorocarbon finishing combination

Enhancement in polyester substrates hydrophobicity was carried out by surface modification via chemical pre-treatment, UV-Ozone irradiation and fluorocarbon finishing combinations, which are referred to as CUF-process in this paper. Polyester fabrics were impregnated with different chemicals (Na2CO3, H2O2, H2O2/Na2SiO3, NaOH and CH3NH2) before UV-Ozone gases exposure to investigate the effects of these precursor surface pre-impregnation on the effectiveness of UV-Ozone modification and final super hydrophobicity formation. The changes in substrate properties were by measuring 3 M water repellency (Water/Alcohol Drop Test), water sliding angle (WSA), water contact angle (WCA), wash and abrasion fastness, air permeability, tensile strength and visual appearance of treated fiber surfaces via SEM. The results indicated the usefulness of UV-Ozone treatment for creating proper surface roughness to improve the hydrophobicity of polyester fabrics after fluorocarbon finishing, especially when the fabric was pre-treated with NaOH and H2O2 solutions. The lowest WSA value of 7.9 degrees and the highest WCA of 142.2 degrees were achieved on polyester fabrics using pre-treatment with 60 g/l NaOH and 42 ml/ H2O2 CUF-treatments. Also, the obtained highest water repellency levels and the best air permeability properties led to significant increase in the substrate hydrophobicity did not show any adverse effect on tensile properties and strength deterioration. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

The Abundance of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Diagnostic Validity of Schizo-Obsessive Subtype

Introduction: On the basis of research and clinical observations, obsessive –compulsive disorder (OCD) and obsessive –compulsive symptoms (OCS) occur in a considerably high proportion of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. According to the results of different epidemiological studies, investigators suggest schizo-obsessive subtype. The aim of the study was to evaluate diagnostic validity of schizo-obsessive subtype by determining the prevalence of OCD/ OCS in the patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and its relation to some of clinical characteristics of these patients. Methods: A total of 91 patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder were assessed via the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, fifth edition (DSM-V) using Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, x2 and independent t-test. Results: Results showed that the prevalence of OCS in this study was 47.17% and the prevalence of OCD was 18.66%. Obsessive compulsive contamination had the highest prevalence in this sample. Compared with psychotic patients without OCD/OCS, the patients with OCD/COS had earlier onset of psychosis, higher numbers of hospitalizations and higher numbers of drugs and suicide attempts. Also, the prevalence of OCD/OCS in the patients with first-episode psychosis was 15.62%. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it seems that schizo-obsessive subtype has diagnostic validity. To confirm this hypothesis, it is necessary that longitudinal studies are planned from early stages of psychosis to long-term consequences