PROPERTIES OF TT-SPREAD PRINCIPAL BOREL IDEALS GENERATED IN DEGREE TWO

In this paper, we have studied the stability of $t$-spread principal Borel ideals in degree two. We have proved that \Ass^\infty(I) =\Min(I)\cup \{\mathfrak{m}\} , where $I=B_t(u)\subset S$ is a $t$-spread Borel ideal generated in degree $2$ with $u=x_ix_n, t+1\leq i\leq n-t.$ Indeed, $I$ has the property that \Ass(I^m)=\Ass(I) for all $m\geq 1$ and $i\leq t,$ in other words, $I$ is normally torsion free. Moreover, we have shown that $I$ is a set theoretic complete intersection if and only if $u=x_{n-t}x_n$. Also, we have derived some results on the vanishing of Lyubeznik numbers of these ideals. 

Predisposing Factors of Seizure in Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department; a Brief Report

Introduction: Identifying predisposing factors of seizure can be somewhat helpful in preventing it from occurring. Objective: The present study has been designed aiming to assess the frequency of predisposing factors of seizure in patients visiting the emergency department (ED). Methods: The present prospective cross-sectional study was performed on adult patients presenting to ED following seizure during 1 year. Known or probable predisposing risk factors for seizure were extracted from various studies and were asked from patients or their relatives during history taking and clinical examination. Results: Finally, 246 seizure patients with the mean age of 38.8 ± 18.3 (18 – 92) years were included (68.7% male). Most patients were in the 18–29 years age group (41.1%), had an educational level less than high school diploma (59.8%), and were unemployed (47.8%). Among the predisposing factors of seizure, emotional stress with 107 (43.7%) cases, insomnia with 44 (17.9%), and irregular use of antiepileptic medications with 36 (14.6%) cases were the most common predisposing factors, respectively. In 43.5% of the patients, no identified predisposing factor was found. Insomnia (p = 0.002), stress (p < 0.001), and substance abuse (p < 0.001) were the most important predisposing factors of seizure in individuals less than 60 years old. In addition, being in the menstruation period was also shown to be a predisposing risk factor for women aged less than 60 years (p = 0.002). Conclusion: Emotional stress, insomnia, and irregular use of antiepileptic medication were the most important predisposing factors of seizure in the studied patients. In more than 40% of patients presenting to ED following seizure, no predisposing factor was found

The Cost Analysis of Patients with Traffic Traumatic Injuries Presenting to Emergency Department; a Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Road traffic traumatic injuries are the leading cause of death especially among young men who are mostly vulnerable victims. This catastrophe is more complicated in low to middle income countries. Objective: This study assessed the financial costs of traffic casualties in Iran. Method: One thousand trauma patients presenting to the emergency department of Shohaday-e-Tajrish Hospital were included in the study. The prehospital and hospital costs as well as the expenses of physiotherapy, rehabilitation, outpatient visits and further surgical interventions were considered as direct expenses. The costs of productivity loss were estimated as indirect expenses. Results: The direct and indirect costs were assessed 27.4% and 72.6% of total, respectively. The mean age of permanent disability was 43 years old. The average expenses of temporary and permanent disabilities were 2934.4 million rials (nearly 4.2 million rials per patient) and 23.9 billion rials (1.1 billion rials per person), respectively. Conclusion: The national burden of traffic injuries in Iran is significantly destructive as it consists of 2.19 % of Gross Domestic Product annually. Besides, young men are involved in most of the traffic accidents representing the need to establish rigorous preventive instructions and reduce human, and financial costs

Predisposing Factors of Seizure in Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department; a Brief Report

Introduction: Identifying predisposing factors of seizure can be somewhat helpful in preventing it from occurring. Objective: The present study has been designed aiming to assess the frequency of predisposing factors of seizure in patients visiting the emergency department (ED). Methods: The present prospective cross-sectional study was performed on adult patients presenting to ED following seizure during 1 year. Known or probable predisposing risk factors for seizure were extracted from various studies and were asked from patients or their relatives during history taking and clinical examination. Results: Finally, 246 seizure patients with the mean age of 38.8 ± 18.3 (18 – 92) years were included (68.7% male). Most patients were in the 18–29 years age group (41.1%), had an educational level less than high school diploma (59.8%), and were unemployed (47.8%). Among the predisposing factors of seizure, emotional stress with 107 (43.7%) cases, insomnia with 44 (17.9%), and irregular use of antiepileptic medications with 36 (14.6%) cases were the most common predisposing factors, respectively. In 43.5% of the patients, no identified predisposing factor was found. Insomnia (p = 0.002), stress (p < 0.001), and substance abuse (p < 0.001) were the most important predisposing factors of seizure in individuals less than 60 years old. In addition, being in the menstruation period was also shown to be a predisposing risk factor for women aged less than 60 years (p = 0.002). Conclusion: Emotional stress, insomnia, and irregular use of antiepileptic medication were the most important predisposing factors of seizure in the studied patients. In more than 40% of patients presenting to ED following seizure, no predisposing factor was found