Critical Study of John Burton’s Objections on the Qur’ān Regarding Its Revelation in Seven Letters (Saba’ Ahruf)

Almighty Allāh is the Creator of the mankind. When He Created Hazrat Ādam and sent him in this world, He said that He would send guidance from Himself and whoever would follow that guidance he would have neither fear nor grief on the Day of Judgment.  So to fulfill this promise, Almighty Allāh sent almost one lac and twenty four thousand prophets and revealed to many of them His scriptures as He revealed Torah to Hazrat Mūsa (Moses), Zabūr to Hazrat Dawūd (David) and Injīl to Hazrat Īsa (Jesus), likewise, the Qur’ān is the last and final link in this series under which the first books have been revealed. Almighty Allāh revealed the Holy Qur’ān to His last and final Messenger Hazrat Muhammad (P.B.U.H) almost fifteen hundred years ago. The Qur’ān itself says that it is not a new thing; rather it is a continuation of the pre-existing direction. Orientalists have denied this fact and wrote many books to create doubts in the minds of the people regarding the Qur’ān and Islām. A famous orientalist John Burton has also written his book “The Collection of the Qur’ān” and objected on the Holy Qur’ān. He tried to prove that the Qur’ān is not the book of Allāh rather it has been written by Prophet Muhammad himself.    John Burton has raised objections on the Holy Qur’ān on the base of difference of recitations of the Holy Qur’ān. He argues that differentiation in the recitation of the Qur’ān causes differentiation in the Islāmic rules. In this article, the reality and status of seven letters (Saba’ Ahruf) has been discussed and the justification of the revelation of the Qur’ān in seven letters has been proved with rational and textual arguments. Furthermore, the misconceptions of John Burton regarding Saba’ Ahruf have also been clarified with proofs in this article

A simpler approach to seal severe coronary perforation with bare metal stent

The case of a coronary artery perforation in which overinflation of a balloon at an angulated segment of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery after stent deployment resulted in an Ellis type III coronary artery perforation is presented. A bare metal stent (BMS) was used successfully to seal this high-grade perforation. Here, it is demonstrated that it may not be illogical to consider BMS as the first choice before embarking on use of a covered stent if the clinical/haemodynamic condition of the patient allows it and if a covered stent is not available

Mother and child technique combined with super selective pharmacological intervention for large intracoronary thrombus

Primary percutaneous intervention (PCI) in acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (MI) is a preferred way of treatment nowadays. Sometimes it becomes difficult to get good myocardial blood flow during PCI if clot burden is large. In this case of an elderly lady, the use of Mother and Child Technique combined with super selective pharmacological intervention is demonstrated to achieve good blood flow when conventional means are not working

Molecular Identification of Genetically Modified Crops for Biosafety and Legitimacy of Transgenes

Crops undergo artificially DNA modifications for improvements are considered as genetically modified (GM) crops. These modifications could be in indigenous DNA or by introduction of foreign DNA as transgenes. There are 29 different crops and fruit trees in 42 countries, which have been successfully modified for various traits like herbicide tolerance, insect/pest resistance, disease resistance and quality improvement. GM crops are grown worldwide and its area is significantly increasing every year. Many countries have very strict rules and regulations for GM crops and are also a trade barrier in some situations. Hence, identification and testing of crops for GM contents is important for identity and legitimacy of transgene to simplify the international trade. Normally, molecular identification is performed at three different levels, i.e., DNA, RNA and protein, and each level has its own importance in testing about the nature and type of GM crops. In this chapter, current scenario of GM crops and different molecular testing tools are described in brief

DNA Fingerprinting and Cultivar Identification of Olive (Olea europaea L.) using SSR markers

Background: Genetic diversity and population structure of the olive varieties cultivated in Pakistan are yet to be explored.Methods: In present study, we studied population structure and genetic diversity and developed DNA fingerprints of 13 olive varieties  using 63 Simple Sequence Repeat  markers.Results: Collectively 618 alleles were amplified among which 582 were polymorphic and 36 were monomorphic. High allelic diversity per locus was found among 63 SSR markers, i.e., one for GAPU-12 to 23 for UDO099-008 and GAPU-47 with an average 9.80 alleles per locus. On the basis of cluster analysis genotypes were grouped into two clusters. Cluster I contained varieties Manzanilla, Sohawa-selection, Koroneki, Bulkasar-selection, Arbequina, Arbosona, Chugtai-selection, whereas cluster II was comprised of varieties Bari-Zatoon, Coratina, Gemlik, Frontaio, Pendolino and Ottobratica. UDO-24 marker alone identified seven olive varieties. Similarly, DCA-07 and EMO-02 identified six olive varieties each.Conclusion: The findings of this manuscript will be helpful for future studies related to DNA fingerprinting and genetic diversity assessment for choice of SSR markers and identification of olive varieties.   Keywords: Cluster analysis; Polymorphic Information Content; Structure analysis; Similarity matrix