Risk factors for prostate cancer: a case-control study investigating selected key exposures and their interactions with predisposition genes

Prostate cancer is the UK number one male cancer. Evidence from epidemiological studies suggests only age, race and family history as established risk factors. Other factors such as low dose diagnostic radiations and surrogate hormone markers such as baldness, finger length pattern and acne are hypothesized to have a potential role in the aetiology of prostate cancer. It is evident that genetics plays an important role in prostate cancer aetiology. This thesis focuses both environmental and genetic factors. The environmental factors include selected surrogate hormone markers, medical diagnostic radiation procedures and family history of prostate cancer. The genetic part explores genetic polymorphisms that could have implications for interactions with exposures studied. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involved in mechanistic pathways related to DNA repair genes and potential hormone marker genes were the main targets

Risk factors for prostate cancer: a case-control study investigating selected key exposures and their interactions with predisposition genes

Prostate cancer is the UK number one male cancer. Evidence from epidemiological studies suggests only age, race and family history as established risk factors. Other factors such as low dose diagnostic radiations and surrogate hormone markers such as baldness, finger length pattern and acne are hypothesized to have a potential role in the aetiology of prostate cancer. It is evident that genetics plays an important role in prostate cancer aetiology. This thesis focuses both environmental and genetic factors. The environmental factors include selected surrogate hormone markers, medical diagnostic radiation procedures and family history of prostate cancer. The genetic part explores genetic polymorphisms that could have implications for interactions with exposures studied. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involved in mechanistic pathways related to DNA repair genes and potential hormone marker genes were the main targets

Risk factors for prostate cancer : a case-control study investigating selected key exposures and their interactions with predisposition genes

Prostate cancer is the UK number one male cancer. Evidence from epidemiological studies suggests only age, race and family history as established risk factors. Other factors such as low dose diagnostic radiations and surrogate hormone markers such as baldness, finger length pattern and acne are hypothesized to have a potential role in the aetiology of prostate cancer. It is evident that genetics plays an important role in prostate cancer aetiology. This thesis focuses both environmental and genetic factors. The environmental factors include selected surrogate hormone markers, medical diagnostic radiation procedures and family history of prostate cancer. The genetic part explores genetic polymorphisms that could have implications for interactions with exposures studied. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involved in mechanistic pathways related to DNA repair genes and potential hormone marker genes were the main targets.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Evaluating the Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life of Oral Submucous Fibrosis Patients before and after Treatment Using the OHIP-14 Tool

The objective of the present study was to assess the oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) patients before and after standard treatment. A convenient sampling technique was used to recruit the clinically diagnosed patients of OSMF (n = 130). Based on the medical treatment, the patients were randomly divided into two study groups (group A and B). The group A patients received submucosal intralesional injections of dexamethasone (2 mL; 4 gm/mL), while group B patients received hyaluronidase (1500 IU). Both the group A and B patients received respective medical therapy biweekly for a period of five weeks. At the follow up visit (6 months), the impact of treatment on OHRQoL was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Data were analyzed by a chi-square test for quantitative variables and an independent t-test for qualitative variables. The comparison of all clinical parameters before and after treatment was performed by a paired t-test. The results after treatment showed that there was a significant improvement in all domains of OHIP-14 (p = 0.001) except psychological disability (p = 0.243). In addition, the OHRQoL of patients was significantly improved following the treatment

Assessing the Quality of Life of Oral Submucous Fibrosis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the WHOQOL-BREF Tool

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) patients using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences (LUMHS), Jamshoro. We used the consecutive sampling technique to recruit patients who were clinically diagnosed with OSMF (n = 112). Data were collected using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, which contains a total of 26 questions. The first two questions, related to overall QoL and overall health status, were evaluated separately. The remaining questions (3–26), which represented four domains—physical, psychological, social, and environmental health—were evaluated separately. Patients were asked questions in their native language (Urdu). The relationship between these four domains of life was evaluated with gender, age categories, functional staging, and habit duration using the independent t-test to determine statistical significance. Cronbach’s Alpha was used to assess the reliability of the WHOQOL-BREF domains. The overall QoL of the OSMF patients was considerably poor, and the majority of the patients were unsatisfied with their oral health status. The age variable significantly affected the scores of all domains except for social relationships, whereas habit duration and functional staging of OSMF did not significantly affect the scores of all domains. The domains of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire (translated into the Urdu language) showed good reliability, except for social relationships