Effect of age of seedlings at staggered planting and nutrient management on the growth performance of aromatic fine rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. BRRI dhan38)

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during June to December 2014 with a view to finding out the effect of age of seedlings at staggered planting and nutrient management on growth of aromatic fine rice (cv. BRRI dhan38). The experiment comprised three ages of seedlings viz., 30, 45 and 60-day old and six treatment of nutrient managements viz. control (no manures and fertilizers),  recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers, 50% of recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + cowdung @ 5 t ha-1, 75% of recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + cowdung @ 5 t ha-1,  50% of recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-1 and 75% of recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The effect of age of seedlings and nutrient management and their interaction were significant on crop growth characters of aromatic fine rice. The result revealed that the highest plant height, total tiller hill-1, total dry matter production hill-1 and CGR were found when 30-day old seedlings were transplanted. Among the nutrient managements the highest growth parameters was obtain in 75% of recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-1 due to the continuous supply of nutrients by the combination of organic and inorganic fertilizer which led to better growth in plants. In 30-day old seedlings with 75% inorganic fertilizer + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-1 treatment performed best in case of all growth parameters, while the lowest one was observed in 60-day old seedlings with control. Therefore, 30-day old seedlings with 75% inorganic fertilizer + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-1 treatment might be a promising practice in aromatic fine rice cultivation in terms of growth performance

Growth and yield of boro rice (Oryza sativa L.) in response to crop establishment methods and varieties

Physiological attributes and yield performance of high yielding varieties (HYV) of rice cultivars need to be assessed by crop establishment methods before promoting a suitable crop establishment method in Bangladesh. We, therefore, conducted an experiment to study the effects of crop establishment methods on the growth and yield of boro rice. The experiment comprised of two factors; factor A: methods of crop establishment viz., dry direct seeding, unpuddle transplanting, alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and puddle transplanting; factor B: rice cultivars viz., BRRI dhan28, BRRI dhan58, BRRI dhan74 and BRRI hybrid dhan3. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications where method of crop establishment was assigned to the main plot and rice cultivar was assigned to the sub plots. Data were collected at different growth stages and at harvest. From the results, it was found that growth, yield and yield contributing characters were significantly influenced by crop establishment methods. The highest leaf area index (LAI), total dry matter and grain yield were found in puddle transplanting method. The highest grain yield was obtained in puddle transplanting method due to accumulation of maximum dry matter and production of highest number of effective tillers hill-1 and grains panicle-1. Among the varieties the highest grain yield was obtain in BRRI hybrid dhan3 due to highest number of grains panicle-1 and 1000-grain weight. The highest grain yield (6.21 t ha-1) was found in puddle transplanting with BRRI dhan28, while the lowest grain yield (2.80 t ha-1) was produced in dry direct seeding with BRRI dhan28. Therefore, puddle transplanting with BRRI dhan28 might be recommended due to best physiological performance and obtaining highest grain yield of boro rice

Hubungan antara trauma zaman kanak-kanak dan kesediaan perkahwinan dalam kalangan kemunculan dewasa di Selangor

Trauma zaman kanak-kanak merupakan salah satu faktor psikologi penting yang berkait dengan kesediaan untuk berkahwin. Maka, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan hubungan antara trauma zaman kanak-kanak dan kesediaan perkahwinan dalam kalangan kemunculan dewasa di Selangor. Terdapat 60 orang responden yang berumur 18 hingga 29 tahun telah terlibat dalam kajian rintis, di mana mereka menetap di Selangor dan dipilih melalui persampelan mudah. Data dikumpul dengan menggunakan borang soal selidik yang meliputi alat ujian Childhood-Trauma Questionnaire - Short Form (CTQ-SF) oleh Bernstein et al. (2003) bagi penilaian trauma zaman kanak-kanak dan Criteria for Marriage Readiness Questionnaire (CMRQ) oleh Carroll et al. (2009) untuk pengukuran kesediaan perkahwinan. Hasil analisis korelasi Pearson menunjukkan trauma zaman kanak-kanak dan kesediaan perkahwinan mempunyai hubungan negatif yang sederhana dan signifikan, r= -0.452**, p 0.05. Selain itu, hasil ujian-t menunjukkan min kesediaan perkahwinan perempuan (M = 144.15, SD = 12.05) juga lebih tinggi daripada lelaki (M = 142, SD = 8.94) secara tidak signifikan dengan t (58) = -0.454, p > 0.05. Dapatan kajian mencadangkan bahawa trauma zaman kanak-kanak yang dialami oleh kemunculan dewasa sangat memainkan peranan dalam kesediaan perkahwinan mereka kelak. Kajian pada masa hadapan disarankan untuk memperluas saiz sampel dengan pelbagai faktor serta tempat di Malaysia agar dapat menghasilkan data yang lebih dipercayai

Effect of source of irrigation water on yield performance of Boro rice

Industrial wastewater is a major problem in Gazipur, Bangladesh which is very cheaply available in the surrounding area for crop production. An experiment was conducted at Farmer’s Field of Gazipur district to study the effect of irrigation water quality on yield of boro rice. The study comprised three varieties viz., BR14, BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29 and three sources of irrigation water viz. fresh water irrigation, mixed water (fresh + industrial wastewater) irrigation, industrial wastewater irrigation. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications where irrigation water was assigned in the main plot and rice varieties in the subplot. BRRI dhan29 produced the tallest plant (85.25 cm), the highest number of total tillers hill-1 (19.77), effective tillers hill-1 (17.64), grains panicle-1 (111.0), sterile spikelets panicle-1 (44.29), 1000-grain weight (22.43 g), grain yield (4.56 t ha-1) and straw yield (7.99 t ha-1). On the other hand, plant height (74.50 cm), total tillers hill-1 (19.82), effective tillers hill-1 (17.53), grains panicle-1 (131.7), sterile spikelets panicle-1 (35.50), 1000-grain weight (25.83 g), grain yield (5.05 t ha-1) were found highest when applied fresh water irrigation. The highest numbers of grains panicle-1 (119.14), 1000-grain weight (25.10 g), grain (5.54 t ha-1) and straw (7.93 t ha-1) yield were obtained in BRRI dhan29 with fresh water irrigation. Therefore, BRRI dhan29 with fresh water irrigation would be safe to use. However, if fresh water irrigation is not possible, conjunctive use of fresh and wastewater can be used as irrigation for BRRI dhan29

Effect of planting and nutrient management on the growth, yield and protein content of aromatic fine rice

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from July to November 2015 to find out the effect of planting and nutrient management on the growth, yield and protein content of aromatic fine rice (cv. Binadhan-13). The experimental treatments comprised six planting arrangement viz. 25 cm × 20 cm, 25 cm × 15 cm, 25 cm × 10 cm, 20 cm × 20 cm, 20 cm × 15 cm, 20 cm × 10 cm and four nutrient management viz. recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer (RDF) N-P2O5-K2O-S-Zn at the rate of 75-42-75-17-2 kg ha-1 respectively; Cow dung @ 10 t ha-1, 25% less than RDF + Cow dung @ 5 t ha-1, 50% less than RDF + Cow dung @ 5 t ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Different crop characters, yield contributing characters, yield and grain quality were significantly influenced by planting arrangement and nutrient management. In the crop growth stage, the maximum number of tillers hill-1 (19.03) was recorded from the 25 cm × 15 cm spacing fertilized with 25% less than RDF + cow dung @ 5 t ha-1 and the highest total dry matter production (62.70), crop growth rate (19.37) and chlorophyll content (35.77) of leaf were recorded from the 20 cm × 15 cm spacing fertilized with 25% less than RDF + cow dung @ 5 t ha-1. At harvest, the highest grain yield (3.66 t ha-1) and protein content (9.63%) were recorded from the 20 cm × 15 cm spacing fertilized with 25% less than RDF + cow dung @ 5 t ha-1. So, transplantation at 20 cm × 15 cm spacing and fertilization with 25% less than the recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + cow dung @ 5 t ha-1 was found to be promising practice for the cultivation of aromatic fine rice (cv. Binadhan-13)

The evaluation of urinary vanillylmandelic acid level in patients with generalized anxiety disorder

Background and objectives: The prevalence of anxiety disorders is increasing in the world. Studies revealed that generalized anxiety disorder may lead to change in circulating catecholamine levels. Thus, the changes of catecholamine metabolite like urinary vanillylmandelic acid may increase the future risk of thrombotic diseases in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The aim of this present study is to evaluate urinary vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) levels in patients with generalized anxiety disorder.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2019 to June 2020.After obtaining ethical clearance, a total 144 individuals were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria with age ranging from 18-50 years. Group A was study group selected from Out Patient Department of Psychiatry of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka diagnosed by the experienced psychiatrist. Group B was control group who were apparently healthy adults selected from different area of Dhaka city. The subjects were interviewed and detailed history regarding personal, family, medical and drug history were taken. Prior to sample collection, informed written consent was taken from the participants. Urinary vanillylmandelic acid levels were measured in the Department of Endocrinology, BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka.Statistical analysis: For statistical analysis, Unpaired Student’s ‘t’ test was considered using SPSS 25.0 version.Results: Urinary vanillylmandelic acid of generalized anxiety disorder patients was significantly higher (p< 0.001) than control group.Conclusion: It can be concluded that generalized anxiety disorder patients may have more chance of thrombotic diseases due to significantly higher urinary vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) levels than healthy adults

The evaluation of urinary vanillylmandelic acid level in patients with generalized anxiety disorder

Background and objectives: The prevalence of anxiety disorders is increasing in the world. Studies revealed that generalized anxiety disorder may lead to change in circulating catecholamine levels. Thus, the changes of catecholamine metabolite like urinary vanillylmandelic acid may increase the future risk of thrombotic diseases in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The aim of this present study is to evaluate urinary vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) levels in patients with generalized anxiety disorder.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2019 to June 2020.After obtaining ethical clearance, a total 144 individuals were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria with age ranging from 18-50 years. Group A was study group selected from Out Patient Department of Psychiatry of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka diagnosed by the experienced psychiatrist. Group B was control group who were apparently healthy adults selected from different area of Dhaka city. The subjects were interviewed and detailed history regarding personal, family, medical and drug history were taken. Prior to sample collection, informed written consent was taken from the participants. Urinary vanillylmandelic acid levels were measured in the Department of Endocrinology, BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka.Statistical analysis: For statistical analysis, Unpaired Student’s ‘t’ test was considered using SPSS 25.0 version.Results: Urinary vanillylmandelic acid of generalized anxiety disorder patients was significantly higher (p< 0.001) than control group.Conclusion: It can be concluded that generalized anxiety disorder patients may have more chance of thrombotic diseases due to significantly higher urinary vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) levels than healthy adults

Post 9/11 trauma: A mother’s concern about her adolescent daughter in a Canadian public-school

Amidst of the Islamophobic discourse in a post 9/11 context, this study reflects on my experiences of educating my 11-year old daughter as she constructs her ELL (English Language Learner) identity by hiding her Muslim identity in a Canadian public-school language classroom. The study suggests that the negative image of Muslims as well as the rising hypothesis, “All Muslims are terrorists”, restricts her from expressing her individual experience, opinion and commitment in her L2 (English as a Second/Additional Language) classroom. To write my reflection I have taken into account one particular incident of her classroom practice and the process of making meaning of that incident. My reflective analysis (Dewey, 1910) helps me gain a better understanding of my journey as a mother and strengthens my identity as a Muslim L2 teacher. My daughter attempts to accommodate her expressions along the discourses preferred by her classroom community that gives rise to her multiple, shifted, conflicted, contradictory, and hidden identities (Norton, 1998). It is her awareness of the representation or misrepresentation of her religion by the dominant Western culture that impacts her social and educational trajectories as a learner. Her classroom experiences illustrate how Muslim students may continually negotiate/construct their identity positions and how the affordances and constraints of their religious identity can lead to divergent learning outcomes (Sowden, 2007). I draw on the notions of Language socialization (Duff, 2007) and identity and investment (Norton, 2005) to examine how language intersects with other social categories such as religion. This paper concludes with a call for increased attention to a learner’s religious identity, which may closely relate to successful acquisition of English as an additional language