Identification of Leishmania species isolated from human Cutaneous leishmaniasis in gonbad-e-Qabus city using a PCR method during 2006-2007

Background: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis is endemic in plenty of Iranian provinces. This study aimed to determine the epidemiological status of the cutaneous Leishmaniasis outbreak, isolation and identification of the parasite using a PCR method in burden rural areas of Gonbad-e-Qabus County, north Iran. Methods: Data was collected on the prevalence of scars and ulcers over a period of three months among 6990 inhabitants of five villages around Gonbad-e-Qabus county, north Iran, during 2006-2007. Cultured promastigotes were identified using PCR technique. ITS1 and ITS2 of Non Coding Transcribed region at ribosomal DNA of 46 Leishmania isolates were amplified and the PCR products were separated by electrophoresis in 1.5% agarose gel (200 mA, 140 V), visualized by staining with ethidium bromide, and photographed. To confirm the PCR findings, six Leishmanis isolates were injected individually into two BALB/c mice. Results: Among 6990 inhabitants of the five villages, 62.9% had scars and 0.5% had active lesions. The most highly infected age group was 0-10 years and nobody was infected in individuals more than fifty years of age. Individuals 11 to 20 years of age were the most highly infected age group. The results showed that from 46 isolates, all (100%) were L. major in comparison to reference strains and all of them could produce ulcer at the base tail of BALB/c mice, 4-12 weeks after inoculation. Conclusions: According to this study, cutaneous Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major is endemic in Gonbad-e-Qabus county, north Iran. The results were confirmed by active lesions induced in BALB/c mice

Identification of Leishmania species isolated from human cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Gonbad-e-Qabus city using a PCR method during 2006-2007

"n Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 st1":*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Background: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis is endemic in plenty of Iranian provinces. This study aimed to determine the epidemiological status of the cutaneous Leishmaniasis outbreak, isolation and identification of the parasite using a PCR method in burden rural areas of Gonbad-e-Qabus County, north Iran. "n"nMethods: Data was collected on the prevalence of scars and ulcers over a period of three months among 6990 inhabitants of five villages around Gonbad-e-Qabus county, north Iran, during 2006-2007. Cultured promastigotes were identified using PCR technique. ITS1 and ITS2 of Non Coding Transcribed region at ribosomal DNA of 46 Leishmania isolates were amplified and the PCR products were separated by electrophoresis in 1.5% agarose gel (200 mA, 140 V), visualized by staining with ethidium bromide, and photographed. To confirm the PCR findings, six Leishmanis isolates were injected individually into two BALB/c mice."n"nResults: Among 6990 inhabitants of the five villages, 62.9% had scars and 0.5% had active lesions. The most highly infected age group was 0-10 years and nobody was infected in individuals more than fifty years of age. Individuals 11 to 20 years of age were the most highly infected age group. The results showed that from 46 isolates, all (100%) were L. major in comparison to reference strains and all of them could produce ulcer at the base tail of BALB/c mice, 4-12 weeks after inoculation."n"nConclusions: According to this study, cutaneous Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major is endemic in Gonbad-e-Qabus county, north Iran. The results were confirmed by active lesions induced in BALB/c mice

Effect of Aqueous Extract of Artemisia absinthium L. on Sex Hormones, Inflammatory Cytokines and Oxidative Stress Indices of Ovarian Tissue in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Rat Model

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Hormonal disorders along with oxidative stress and inflammation in ovarian tissue lead to anovulation in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. Considering antioxidant effect of Artemisia absinthium, purpose of this study is to determine the effect of aqueous extract of Artemisia absinthium on serum levels of sex hormones, inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress indices of ovarian tissue in polycystic ovary syndrome rat model. METHODS: In this study, 32 female Wistar rats were divided into 4 equal groups: groups of control, PCOS control and two groups with PCOS which are under treatment through aqueous extract of Artemisia absinthium (100 and 200 mg/kg). Polycystic ovarian syndrome was induced by single intramuscular injection of estradiol valerate (4mg/kg). Aqueous extract of Artemisia absinthium was intraperitoneal injection to PCOS treated groups, for 24 days. At the end of treatment period, serum levels of LH, FSH, Estradiol, Testosterone, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and levels of SOD, CAT, GPX enzymes and level of MDA in ovarian tissue were measured through ELISA method. FINDINGS: Compared to PCOS control group (LH: 14.30±2.52, FSH: 2.35±0.28, Estradiol: 17.61±2.44, Testosterone: 10.29±1.56, TNF-α: 178.65±4.35, IL-1β: 121.52±5.17, IL-6: 162.28±5.83, SOD: 20.51±1.84, CAT: 64.42±3.70, GPX: 35.15±2.88, MDA: 87.32±3.40), MDA tissue level (55.46±4.73), serum levels of LH (8.26±1.36), Estradiol (7.76±1.55), Testosterone (6.40±1.04) and TNF-α (115.35±5.83), IL-1β (70.25±5.74) and IL-6 (89.15±4.52) cytokines in group under treatment with 200 mg/kg aqueous extract of Artemisia absinthium significantly decreased (p=0.008) and serum level of FSH (7.52±1.21) and levels of SOD (71.58±5.19), CAT (128.30±5.11) and GPX (88.21±5.51) antioxidant enzymes of ovarian tissue significantly increased (p=0.005). CONCLUSION: Aqueous extract of Artemisia absinthium by decreasing the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and increasing the activity of the ovary tissue antioxidant enzymes has a favorable effect on the improvement of hormonal parameters in rats with polycystic ovary syndrom

Identification of Candida species associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis by Multiplex PCR method

"n Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a fungal disease with itching, and vaginal thick white discharge. Most of non-albicans species have less sensitivity to azoles. So, definition of candida species which lead to vulvovaginal candidiasis is very important to perfect usage of drugs. In the present study 191 Candida isolates from 175 patients who admitted in Gynecology department of Mahdieh Hospital during the period 1385-1387 were identified by multiplex PCR."n"nMethods: One hundred seventy five vaginal swab specimens from patients were cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). The internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region between the 18S and 5.8S rRNA genes and a specific DNA fragment within the ITS2 region of Candida albicans were amplified and the multiplex PCR products were separated by electrophoresis in 2% agarose gel (200 mA, 140V), visualized by staining with ethidium bromide, and photographed."n"nResults: One hundred ninety one Candida isolates were identified in vaginal swab specimens from 175 patients. In 89.7% of cases, single candida species and in 10.3% cases, multiple candida species were isolated. C. albicans (65.1%), C. glabrata (13.1%), C. tropicalis (6.2%), C. krusei (4%), C. guilliermondii (0.6%), C. parapsilosis (0.6%), C. glabrata and C. albicans (5.7%), C. albicans and C. parapsilosis (1.1%), C. glabrata and C. tropicalis (0.6%), C. krusei and C. tropicalis (0.6%), C. albicans and C. tropicalis (0.6%), C. krusei and C. albicans (0.6%), C. glabrata and C. krusei (0.6%), and C. glabrata and C. krusei and C. albicans (0.6%) were the cause of disease."n"nConclusion: Our findings suggest that, the common cause of both recurrent and non-recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis was C. albicans, and then C. glabrata. Also the most common mixtures of Candida species were combination of the

Geographic dispersal of Sandfly fever Sicilian virus.

<p>Geographic dispersal of Sandfly fever Sicilian virus.</p

Distribution of sandfly specimens and pools according to the sampling locations in Iran.

<p>Distribution of sandfly specimens and pools according to the sampling locations in Iran.</p

Phylogeny and proposed lineages and sublineages within the Sandfly fever Sicilian virus complex.

<p>Phylogeny and proposed lineages and sublineages within the Sandfly fever Sicilian virus complex.</p

Distribution of evolutionary distances upon amino acid pairwise comparison of the complete open reading frame.

<p>The genetic distance is reported on the x-axis. Frequency of genetic distances is recorded on the y-axis. Distribution of the distances observed between sequences of the L (n = 46) and N (n = 62) ORFs. The shaded square represents AA distances observed between DASHV, SFSV, TORV and CFUV strains. Intra- and interspecific-ranges are indicated.</p

Phylogenetic analysis of the phlebovirus amino acid sequences: Gc protein.

<p>Phylogenetic analysis of the phlebovirus amino acid sequences: Gc protein.</p